Revisionary monograph |
Revisionary monograph
Flora of Northumberland and Durham
Nathaniel John Winch†
† British botanist, lichenologist, and geologist (1768-1838), Newcastle, United Kingdom
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Winch N (2014) Flora of Northumberland and Durham. Advanced Books. doi: 10.3897/ab.e4002
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PART I. PHAENOGAMOUS PLANTS
MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA
1. SALICORNIA
1. S. herbacea (Marsh Samphire, Jointed-glasswort)
β. S. procumbens (Procumbent Jointed-glasswort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i 2;
Eng. Bot. 2475;
α On the muddy sea shores and salt marshes of Tyne, Wear, Tees, &c., also at
Holy Island. β in salt marshes at
Saltholme,
Hartlepool, D.— Mr. J. Backhouse.
In the north, where the true Samphire is not known, the Glasswort is sold under that name.
2. HIPPURIS
1. H. vulgaris (Mare's-tail)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 4;
Eng. Bot. 763;
With. ii. 6;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 1;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 1;
At
Prestwick Carr, N. In the
Skern near the bridge at Darlington, and at
Hell-kettles, D. In stells about
Thorp,
Norton, and
Stockton, D.— John Hogg, Esq.
DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA
3. LIGUSTRUM
1. L. vulgare (Privet, Print)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i 13;
Eng. Bot. 764;
With. ii. 11;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 1;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 3;
Berwick Flora, 5;
In woods and hedges between Sunderland and
Castle Eden, and on Limestone rocks on the coast, D.— About
Greatham and
Thorpwood, D.— John Hogg, Esq. Naturalized in hedges about
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
The Privet is truly indigenous only in our Magnesian Limestone district, though straggling plants may be occasionally met with throughout the north of England.
4. FRAXINUS
1. F. excelsior (Common Ash)
β. F. hetrophylla (Simple-leaved Ash)
Sm. Eng. Fl. 14;
Eng. Bot. 2476;
α In woods and hedges. β in plantations.
A variety of the ash with leaves mostly simple.
5. CIRCAEA
1. C. lutetiana (Common Enchanter's-nightshade)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 15;
Eng. Bot. 1056;
With. ii. 11;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 4;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 3;
Berwick Flora, 6;
In moist shady woods and hedges, but not very common, N. and D. Near
Wooler and
below Langley Ford, N.— Dr. G. Johnston. At
Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
2. C. alpina (Mountain Enchanter's-nightshade)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 16;
Eng. Bot. 1057;
With. ii. 12;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 4;
C. lutetiana
Gr. Fl. Eds. 2;
Near
Featherstone Castle.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In
Hulne Woods near Alnwick.— Mr. J. Embleton. By the
Roman Wall, near Haltwhistle, N. — Miss Dale, Sp.
Differing from Circaea lutetiana by its heart-shaped leaves.
6. VERONICA
1. V. serpyllifolia (Smooth Speedwell, Paul's Betony)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 20;
Eng. Bot. 1075;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 3;
V. humifusa
Dicks. Linn. Tr. ii. 288;
With ii. 18;
In meadows, pastures, gardens, &c. β by rivulets on the sides of
Cheviot, N.
2. V. Beccabunga (Brooklime)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 20;
Eng. Bot. 655;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 3;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 6;
In rivulets and ditches.
3. V. Anagallis (Water Speedwell, Long-leaved Brooklime)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 21;
Eng. Bot. 781;
With. ii. 18;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 2;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 3;
Berwick Flora, 6;
In the
Ousebourn, in ditches near
Tynemouth, and at
Prestwick Carr, N. In ditches near
West Boldon and
Harton, D. In
Whitburn Moor Lane. — Rev. J. Symons; and near
Norton, D.— John Hogg, Esq.
4. V. scutellata (Narrow-leaved Marsh Speedwell)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 21;
Eng. Bot. 782;
With. ii. 19;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 2;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 3;
Berwick Flora, 7;
In bogs at
Prestwick Carr, and on
Newcastle Town Moor, N. Below Calf Hill.— Thompson's Berwick Plants. In ditches near
Twizell House. — Mrs. Selby. In Purdies Bog.— Miss Forster, delin; and by ponds on
Alnwick Moor, N.— Mr. J. Davison. At
West Boldon,
Harton, East Morton,
Beamish, and by the
Whey Syke and
Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D. Hill Close Carr Mr. E. Robson. Near
Castle Eden, D.— Rev. J. Symons.
5. V. officinalis (Male or Common Speedwell)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 22;
Eng. Bot. 765;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 1;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 6;
Berwick Flora, 7;
On heaths, dry banks, &e. frequent.
6. V. Chamaedrys (Germander Speedwell, Wild Germander)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 23;
Eng. Bot. 623;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 2;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 7;
Berwick Flora, 7;
In meadows, pastures, gardens, &c.
7. V. montana (Mountain Speedwell, Mountain Madwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 23;
Eng. Bot. 786;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 2;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 4;
In woods, but not very common.
8. V. agrestis (Green Procumbent Speedwell, Germander Chickweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 24;
Eng. Bot. t. 783 and t. 2603;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 1;
V. pulchella
Lam. and De Cand. v. 388;
according to specimens from Thomas of Bex. On cultivated ground everywhere.
Fries, a German Botanist, as well as the authors of the Supplement to the English Botany, have separate. Veronica agrestris into two species (see 763 and 2603) though the plant with blue flowers, and the other with the lower petals variegated with white, are found constantly growing together, and can scarcely be considered as varieties. The seeds of both vary in number.
Veronica polita is the name assigned by them to the plant figured at 763.
9. V. filiformis (Long-stalked Speedwell)
Lam. and De Cand. Fl. Fr. v.388 (excluding Sm. in Linn. Tr. ii. 195);
Berwick Flora, 252 f. 1;
V. agrestis
Sm. Fl. Graec. t. 8;
Prod. i. 9;
V. Buxbaumii
Tenore Fl. Neap. i. p. 7, t. 10;
Linn. Syst. Veg. Spreng. i. 75;
Naturalized in the dene near
Twizell House, N. Indigenous at Whiterig, in Berwickshire, eight miles from Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
10. V. arvensis (Wall Speedwell, Speedwell Chickweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 24;
Eng. Bot. 734;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 2;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 7;
On dry banks, walls, &c.
11. V. hederifolia (Ivy-leaved Speedwell, Small Henbit)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 25;
Eng. Bot. 784;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 1;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 7;
Berwick Flora, 7;
On cultivated ground, frequent.
7. PINGUICULA
1. P. vulgaris (Common Butterwort, Yorkshire Sanicle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 28;
Eng. Bot. 70;
Fl. Scot. 88;
Berwick Flora, 8;
In bogs on moors.
There is a variety in mountainous boggy meadows, with a very large flower of a duller purple, and a remarkably long spur Wallis's Northumberland, vol. i. p. 222;.
8. UTRICULARIA
1. U. vulgaris (Common Bladderwort, Hooded Milfoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 30;
Eng. Bot. 253;
Berwick Flora, 8;
With. ii. 24;
At
Prestwick Carr, N. In the
pond-field above Spindlestone. — Dr. G. Johnstone. In
Newham Lough near Bamborough, N — Miss Pringle, Sp. At
Hell kettles and
Polam, near Darlington, D. At
Hardwick, near Sedgefield, D. — J. Hogg, Esq.
2. U. intermedia (Intermediate Bladderwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 30;
Eng. Bot. 2489;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 9;
At
Prestwick Carr and in
Bromley Lough, N. But never observed to flower.
3. U. minor (Lesser Bladderwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 31;
Eng. Bot. 254;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 9;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 5;
With. ii. 24;
In bogs on
Plainmeller Fell, opposite Haltwhistle, N.
— Miss Dale, Sp.
9. LEMNA
1. L. trisulca (Ivy-leaved Duckweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 32;
Eng. Bot. 926;
Hook. Lond. t. 119;
Fl. Scot. 10;
Berwick Flora, 9;
In clear stagnant pools near
Newcastle. In ditches near
Sunderland, and at
Hell-kettles Near
Darlington, D. In stells in the
Billingham Vale, D John Hogg, Esq. In ditches on
Boldon Hills. — Rev. J. Symons.
2. L. minor (Lesser Duck-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 32;
Eng. Bot. 1095;
Hook. Lond. t. 120;
Fl. Scot. 11;
In ponds and ditches, everywhere.
10. LYCOPUS
1. L. europaeus (Water Horehound, Gypsywort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 34;
Eng. Bot. 1105;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 2;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 9;
At
Prestwick Carr, and in the
Ouse-bourn, N. On the banks of Team, near
Urpeth Mill, Team Bridge, and
Lamesley, D.
11. SALVIA
1. S. verbenaca (Wild English Clary)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 35;
Eng. Bot. 154;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 1;
With. ii. 27;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 6;
Berwick Flora, 9;
By the
waggon-way near Newburn, and on the banks
below Tynemouth Castle. On the ruins of the
Abbey of Lindisfern and
Norham Castle, N., where it was noticed by Wallis, who mistook it for Salvia pratensis
On
ballast hills below Gateshead, and on the banks of
Hawthorn Dene, near Sailor's Hall, D.
12. CLADIUM
1. C. Mariscus (Prickly Twig-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 36;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 11;
Schoenus Mariscus
Eng. Bot. 950;
With. ii. 119;
In
Hell Kettles near Darlington, D.
Very rare in the north of England, and but one locality for it mentioned in Hooker's Flora Scotica.
DIANDRIA DIGYNIA
13. ANTHOXANTHUM
1. A. odoratum (Sweet-scented Spring-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 37;
Eng. Bot. 647;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 4;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 11;
In meadows, pastures, &c.
TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA
14. VALERIANA
1. V. rubra (Red Valerian)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 42;
Eng. Bot. 1531;
With. ii. 98;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 14;
Naturalized on the walls of
Hulne Abbey near Alnwick, N.
2. V. dioica (Small or Marsh Valerian)
3. V. officinalis (Great Wild Valerian)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 43;
Eng. Bot. 698;
Curt. Fasc. vi.t. 3;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 15;
Berwick Flora, 13;
In marshes and on the banks of rivers.
15. FEDIA
1. F. olitoria (Corn-salad, Lamb's Lettuce)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 45;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 15;
Valeriana Locusta
Eng. Bot. 811;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 4;
Berwick Flora, 13;
In
Heaton Dene, and in corn fields near
Benwell, N.
Below the Union Bridge, and
above Waren.— Dr. G. Johnston. About
Alnwick, N.— Mr. J. Davison. Near
Whitburn and
Boldon, D. At
Norton,
Wynyard, and
Seaton, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
2. F. dentata (Oval-fruited Corn-salad)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 45;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 8;
Valeriana dentata
Eng. Bot. 1370;
With. ii. 101;
On
Fulwell hills and at
Cocken, D. Fields near
Crowhall, opposite
Ridley Hall, N.— Mr. J. Thompson. Near
Twizell House, N.— Mrs. Selby.
16. IRIS
1. I. Pseud-acorus (Yellow Iris, Water Flower-de-luce)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 48;
Eng. Bot. 578;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 4;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 16;
Berwick Flora, 14;
In ditches, pools, and by rivers.
2. I. foetidissima (Stinking Iris, Gladwyn)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 49;
Eng. Bot. 596;
With. ii. 106;
At Jolby, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
Its most northern British locality, no mention being made of the plant in Hooker's Flora Scotica.
Blue-flowered Iris. Iris germanicaWallis's Northumberland, i. 241;. Robson's Flora, 144. In boggy places, but not common. What plant Wallis mistook for so showy a species it is difficult to imagine, but the error began with the historian of Northumberland, and was copied by Stephen Robson in his Flora.
17. SCHOENUS
1. S. nigricans (Black Bog-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 51;
Eng. Bot. 1121;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 16;
Berwick Flora, 14;
Cyperus nigricans
With. i. 118;
On the heath at
Prestwick Carr, N. On moors and boggy places near
Berwick, frequent. — Dr. G. Johnston. In hogs near
Hartlepool, to the S.E. of Coatham Near
Darlington, and near
Murton Moor, D. Near
Norton, D.— John Hogg, Esq.
18. RHYNCHOSPORA
1. R. alba (White Beak-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 52;
Schoenus albus
Eng. Bot. 985;
With. ii. 122;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 16;
On the heath at
Prestwick Carr, N. On
Beamish Moor, D.
19. SCIRPUS
1. S. caespitosus (Scaly-stalked Club-rush)
2. S. pauciflorus (Few-flowered Club-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 55;
Eng. Bot. 1122;
With. ii. 112;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 17;
Berwick Flora, 14;
S. baeothryon
In bogs at
Willington Quay, and at
Prestwick Carr, N. Bog in a field adjoining
Spring Gardens near Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston. Below
Hilton Castle and near
Darlington, D.
3. S. fluitans (Floating Club-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 56;
Eng. Bot. 216;
With. ii. 113;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 18;
Berwick Flora, 15;
Robson's Flora, 240;
In ditches near
Cleadon and
Darlington, D. At
Prestwick Carr, and in the pond at
Forest Hall, N. In
Roadley Lake. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On the
moor west of Belford, N.— Thompson's Berwick Plants.
4. S. lacustris (Bull-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 56;
Eng. Bot. 666;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 18;
Lond. t. 91;
S. glaucus
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 57;
Eng. Bot. 2321;
S. lacustris
Hudson. 19;
Sm. Fl. Brit. 52;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 18;
α By rivers, lakes, and ponds. β in marshes near Dyke House, in the neighbourhood of
Hartlepool, D. — Mr. J. Backhouse.
5. S. setaceus (Least Club-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 58;
Eng. Bot. 1693;
Hook. Lond. 97;
Fl. Scot. 19;
Berwick Flora, 15;
Isolepis setacea
Lindley Syn. 283.
On boggy moors, frequent.
6. S. caricinus (Compressed Club-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 58;
Berwick Flora, 15;
Schoenus compressus
Eng. Bot. 791;
With. ii. 121;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 16;
On the banks of Tyne at
Chollerford and
Low Park End, and on the
Links at Holy Island and
Bamborough, N. Near Gallowhill. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. In bogs at
Ryehope, and on the
banks of Tees near Middleton, D. Near
Darlington. — Robson's Flora.
7. S. rufus (Brown Club-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 59;
Schoenus rufus
Eng. Bot. 1010;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 17;
With i. 122;
In marshes on the Wear
below Southwick, D. Near
Hartlepool, D — Rev. J. Dalton.
8. S. carinatus (Blunt-edged Club-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 60;
Eng. Bot. 1983;
Hook. Lond. t. 79;
S. lacustris
Hudson, 19;
By the Tees near Stockton, D.— G. T. Fox, Esq.
9. S. maritimus (Salt-marsh Club-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 61;
Eng. Bot. 542;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 4;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 19;
Berwick Flora, 16;
On the salt marshes of Tyne, Wear, Tees, N. and D.
Sea coast near Beal, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
10. S. sylvaticus (Wood Club-rush, or Millet Cyperus-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 62;
Eng. Bot. 919;
With. ii. 116;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 19;
Berwick Flora, 16;
On the banks of Pont and of Till, also in
Scotswood,
Denton, and
Walbottle Denes, N. By the Tweed
between the Union Bridge and Horncliffe. — Dr. G. Johnston. On the banks of Team, and in
Ravensworth and
Cawsey Woods, D.
20. ELEOCHARIS
1. E. palustris (Creeping Spike-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 63;
Scirpus palustris
Eng. Bot. 131;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 18;
By rivulets, lakes, and on boggy ground.
2. E. multicaulis (Many-stalked Spike-rush)
Eng. Bot. 11871;
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 64;
Scirpus multicaulis
With. ii. 111;
S. palustris
Hook. Fl. Scot. 18;
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 14;
On the heath at
Prestwick Carr, N.
21. ERIOPHORUM
1. E. vaginatum (Hare's-tail Cotton-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 66;
Eng. Bot. 873;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 10;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 20;
Berwick Flora, 16;
On turfy bogs, on moors, &c.
2. E. angustifolium (Narrow-leaved Cotton-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 69;
Eng. Bot. 564;
Berwick Flora, 17;
E. polystachion
Hudson, 21;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 9;
E. polystachion
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 67;
Eng. Bot 563;
Berwick Flora, 16;
E. nivale
G. Don. Sp;
On turfy moors and in boggy meadows. β on moors with var. α, not rare. Below
Allerton Mill near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. In β the stalks of the spikes are long as represented by the figure in Eng. Bot., and the stem frequently puts out lateral branches from the sheathes of its leaves.
3. E. pubescens (Downy-stalked Cotton-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i 68;
Berwick Flora, 17;
Hook. Br. Fl. 25;
E. polystachion
Northumberland and Durham Guide, i. 6;
E. latifolium
Schrad. Germ. 154;
E. gracile
Sm. Eng. Fl. 69;
Eng. Bot. 2402;
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 19;
E. triquetrum
Hoppe, Fasc. 1800;
α Near the
Widdy Bank, on Teesdale Moors, and in
Waskerly Park near Wolsingham, also on boggy ground
below Hilton Castle, D.
Near Haly pike Lough, N. On the
Wallington Moors. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
Near
Berwick, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. β on the Teesdale and
Wolsingham Moors. D. On Redpath Moors, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
This species of Cotton-grass is easily recognised by its soft grass-like leaves and the downy stalks of its spikes. β is only a slender variety. I suspect that slender specimens both of Eriophorum angustifolium and Eriophorum pubescens
pass under the name of Eriphorum gracile
For the correctness of the quotations of the synonyms from Wahlenberg's Fl. Lapp, and Hoppe Fasc., I rest upon the authority of specimens from the late Dr. Swartz and Mr. Thomas of Bex.
22. NARDUS
1. N. stricta (Mat-grass)
TRIANDRIA DIGYNIA
23. PHALARIS
1. P. canariensis (Manured Canary-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 74;
Eng. Bot, 1310;
Berwick Flora, 18;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 23;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D.
2. P. arundinacea (Reed Canary-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 74;
Eng. Bot. 402;
and 2160, f. 2;
Arundo colorata
Sm. Fl. Brit. 147;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 23;
Berwick Flora, 18;
On the banks of rivers and margins of pools.
24. PHLEUM
1. P. pratense (Common Cat's-tail-grass, Timothy-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 75;
Eng. Bot. 1076;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 23;
P. nodosum
Linn. Sp. Pl. i. 88;
Alopecurus bulbosus
Dick. Hort. Sic. Fasc. xii. 4;
α In moist meadows; γ on dry barren ground.
2. P. arenarium (Sea Cat's-tail-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 78;
Hook. Lond. t. 7;
Hook. Fl Scot, 24;
Berwick Flora, 19;
Phalaris arenaria
Eng. Bot. 222;
With. ii. 166;
On the sea-coast of N. and D., frequent. On the links at
Holy Island, N.
25. ALOPECURUS
1. A. pratensis (Meadow Fox-tail-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 79;
Eng. Bot. 759;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 5;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 21;
Berwick Flora, 19;
One of the best and most abundant of the meadow grasses.
2. A. agrestis (Slender Fox-tail-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 80;
Eng. Bot. 848;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 22;
In cultivated fields, chiefly in the Magnesian Limestone district.
3. A. bulbosus (Bulbous Fox-tail-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 81;
Eng. Bot. 1249;
Hook. Br. Fl. 28;
Near
Seaton and
Hartlepool, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
4. A. geniculatus (Floating Fox-tail-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 82;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 6;
Eng. Bot. 1250;
Berwick Flora, 19;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 22;
By ditches, ponds, &c.
26. POLYPOGON
1. P. monspeliensis (Annual Beard-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl i. 85;
Agrostis panicea
Eng. Bot. 1704;
Alopecurus monspeliensis
With. ii. 177;
On
Sunderland ballast hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
27. MILIUM
1. M. effusum (Millet-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 87;
Eng. Bot. 1106;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 12;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 24;
In shady woods, common.
28. AGROSTIS
1. A. Spica-venti (Silky Bent-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 89;
Eng. Bot. 951;
With. ii. 180;
On the
Windmill Hills, near Gateshead; and close to
Beamish mill, D. In
Heaton Dene, near Rennoldson's mill; also by the road side near
St. Anthon's, and
North Shields, N. Introduced among corn.
This grass is not mentioned in Hooker's Flora Scotica.
2. A. canina (Brown Bent-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 90;
Eng. Bot. 1856;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 24;
β Hudson 30;
A. tenuifolia
Curtis Br. Gr. 42;
On the heath at
Prestwick Carr, N. On
Gateshead Fell, and in
Waskerly Park, D.
At Birch Carr, near Darlington.— Mr. Backhouse.
In autumn this grass puts out long shoots, which take root at every joint. In this state it is Agrostis fascicularis of Curtis and Davy's Agricultural Chemistry, 2d Ed. p. 162. In common with other stoloniferous grasses it produces but few seeds.
3. A. vulgaris (Common Bent-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 91;
Eng. Bot. 1671;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 25;
Berwick Flora, 19;
Fl. Brit. i. 80;
Fl. Brit. i. 80;
A. pumila
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 371;
Lightfoot, 1081;
Fl. Brit. i. 80;
α In fields, frequent. β and δ in fields, &c. less common. γ in Teesdale Forest, and alpine pastures near
Knitsley and
Hamsterley, D. Probably a distinct species.
4. A. alba (Marsh Bent-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 93;
Eng. Bot. 1139;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 25;
Berwick Flora, 20;
A. stolonifera
Linn. Sp. Pl. i. 93;
Eng. Bot. 1532;
Fl. Brit. 80;
Florin Grass of Dr. Richardson;
A. sylvatica
Hudson, 1st Ed. 28;
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 371;
α In wet meadows, β by the Tyne, Wear, and Tees. γ in woods, but not common.
When growing in salt marshes, but especially by springs close to the sea, as at the
foot of Tynemouth Castle rock, this grass attains a remarkable size, and in that state it used to be considered a distinct species, and described under the name of Agrostis stolonifera.
29. DIGITARIA
1. D. sanguinalis (Cock's-foot Finger-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 96;
Panicum sangninale
Eng. Bot. 489;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 7;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 21;
With. ii. 169;
On
Sunderland ballast hills, D.-W. Weighell's Herb.
30. PANICUM
1. P. verticillatum (Rough Panick-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 98;
Eng. Bot. 874;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 6;
With. ii. 168;
On
Sunderland ballast hills, D.-W. Weighell's Herb.
2. P. viride (Green Panick-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 99;
Eng. Bot. 875;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 5;
With. ii. 168;
On the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D.
31. AIRA
1. A. cristata (Crested Hair-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 101;
Eng. Bot. 648;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 29;
Berwick Flora, 20;
Poa cristata
With. ii. 205;
In
Castle Eden Dene; in Limestone pastures near Sunderland; at
Baydales, near
Darlington; and near
Eglestone, D, near the
Spanish Battery, at Tynemouth, and on the Links at
Dunstanborough,
Bamborough, and
Holy Island, N. Near
Berwick, not uncommon.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. A. aquatica (Water Hair-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 101;
Eng. Bot. 1557;
Berwick-Flora, 20;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 5;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 29;
By ditches, pools, and rivers.
3. A. caespitosa (Turfy Hair-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 102;
Eng. Bot. 1453;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 29;
Berwick Flora, 20;
In woods and on the borders of fields, abundant.
4. A. alpina (Smooth Alpine Hair-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 103;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 29;
A. laevigata
Eng. Bot. 2102;
On the
banks of Wear above Low Pallion, D. The viviparous variety.— Mr. Wilkinson, Sp.
5. A. flexuosa (Wavy Mountain Hair-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 104;
Eng. Bot. 1519;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 30;
Berwick Flora, 21;
On moors and hilly pastures.
6. A. praecox (Early Hair-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 105;
Eng. Bot. 1296;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 7;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 30;
Berwick Flora, 21;
On moors and in barren pastures.
7. A. caryophyllea (Silver Hair-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 105;
Eng. Bot. 812;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 6;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 30;
Berwick Flora, 21;
In barren pastures, and on moors.
32. HOLCUS
1. H. lanatus (Meadow Soft-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 107;
Eng. Bot. 1169;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 11;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 28;
In meadows and pastures, abundant.
2. H. mollis (Creeping Soft-grass)
2. H. avenaceus (Oat-like Soft-grass)
33. MELICA
1. M. uniflora (Wood Melic-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 112;
Eng. Bot. 1058;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 10;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 31;
Berwick Flora, 22;
In woods, frequent.
2. M. nutans (Mountain Melic grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 112;
Eng. Bot. 1059;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 4;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 30;
With. ii. 196;
In
Tecket-wood near Simonburn, N. On the
banks of Irthing at Gilsland, N.— Mr. J. Thompson. In
Castle Eden Dene, and woods near
Middleton in Teesdale, D, In
Cocken woods, D.— Rev. J. Symons.
3. M. caerulea (Purple Melic-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 113;
Eng. Bot. 750;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 11;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 31;
Berwick Flora, 22;
On moors and heathy places, common.
34. SESLERIA
1. S. caerulea (Blue Moor-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 114;
Eng. Bot. 1613;
With. ii. 198;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 31;
On Limestone rocks and in dry pastures, on both sides of the Wear, above
Sunderland, and
on the banks of Tees, from Eglestone to the Cauldron Snout, D.
35. GLYCERIA
1. G. aquatica (Reedy Sweet-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 116;
Poa aquatica
Eng. Bot. 1315;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 12;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 32;
By rivers, pools, &c., frequent.
2. G. fluitans (Floating Sweet-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 116;
Br. Prod. N. Holl. 179;
Berwick Flora, 22;
Poa fluitans
Eng. Bot. 1520;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 32;
Festuca fluitans
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 7;
In pools and slow streams.
One of the few British plants which is also indigenous in Australia.
3. G. distans (Reflexed Sweet-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 118;
Poa distans
Eng. Bot. 986;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 33;
With. ii. 199;
Poa retroflexora
Curt. Fasc. vi. 1. 10;
In lanes near
Darlington, and in fields near
Painsher and
Whitburn; also by the road side near
Castle Eden, and on walls at
Hartlepool, D. On the sea coast at
Cullercoats, and on
St. Anthon's ballast quay, N.
4. G. maritima (Creeping Sea Sweet-grass)
Sm. Eng. i. 118;
Berwick Flora, 23;
Poa maritima
Eng. Bot. 1140;
With. ii. 207;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 33;
On the shores of Tyne and Wear; near the sea. Rocks at
Dunstanborough Castle and
Landisfern, N.
On the coast near Berwick, and by
the Tweed above the bridge.— Dr. G. Johnston. On the
Fern Islands — P.J. Selby, Esq. At
Hartlepool, D. By the
Tees at Portrack, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
5. G. procumbens (Procumbent Sea Sweet-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 119;
Berwick Flora, 23;
Poa procumbens
Eng. Bot. 532;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 33;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 11;
Poa rupestris
With. ii. 207 t. 26;
On the sea coast near
Cullercoats, N.
Between Hendon Lodge and the sea near Sunderland, and on Sunderland Moor; also at
Fulwell, in
Byers's quarry near Whitburn, and on the
quay above South Shields, D. Near
Hartlepool, D.— Mr. E. Robson. On the
Fern Islands, N.— P.J. Selby, Esq.
6. G. rigida (Hard Sweet-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 119;
Berwick Flora, 23;
Poa rigida
Eng. Bot. 1371;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 4;
With. ii. 206;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 33;
On the Magnesian Limestone in the vicinity of
Sunderland and
Hartlepool, and at the
Lizards, near Whitburn, D. On the
Heugh at Holy Island, N.
36. POA
1. P. compressa (Flat-stalked Meadow-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 121;
Eng. Bot. 365;
With. ii. 206;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 34;
Near the
White-lead Factory, W. of Newcastle, N.— Mr. Wm. Robertson. At
Hartlepool, and
between East Boldon and Cleadon, D.
2. P. trivialis (Roughish Meadow-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 124;
Eng. Bot. 1072;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 6;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 35;
In meadows and pastures. An excellent pasture-grass.
3. P. pratensis (Smooth-stalked Meadow-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 125;
Eng. Bot. 1073;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 6;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 35;
γ P. subcaeruleaEng. Bot. 1004;P. humilisWith, ii. 202;
α. An excellent grass, common in meadows, &c. γ on
Fulwell hills, and on the
coast north of Sunderland Pier, D. Near
Benton, N.
4. P. annua (Annual Meadow-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 127;
Eng. Bot. 1141;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 6;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 35;
In lowland situations everywhere.
5. P. nemoralis (Wood Meadow-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 129;
Eng. Bot. 1265;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 35;
In woods near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson.
Cocken Woods, D.— Rev. J. Symons.
Tecket wood, N.
A rare grass in these counties.
37. TRIODIA
1. T. decumbens (Decumbent Heath-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 131;
Berwick Flora, 24;
Poa decumbens
Eng. Bot. 792;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 36;
Festuca decumbens
Linn. Sp. Pl. i. 110;
Hudson, 47;
On moors and barren heaths, frequent. On
Gateshead Fell, D., and
Newcastle Town Moor, N. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
38. BRIZA
1. B. media (Common Quaking-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl i. 133;
Eng. Bot. 340;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 37;
Berwick Flora, 25;
In pastures, &c., frequent.
38. DACTYLIS
1. D. glomerata (Rough Cock's-foot-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 134;
Eng. Bot. 335;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 37;
In meadows, pastures, and by hedges. A productive, but coarse grass.
40. CYNOSURUS
1. C. cristatus (Crested Dog's-tail-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl i. 137;
Eng. Bot. 316;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 37;
In meadows and pastures on a dry soil everywhere.
2. C. echinatus (Rough Dog's-tail-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 137;
Eng. Bot. 1333;
With. ii. 212;
On the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D., rare. On
St. Anthon's ballast hills, N Mr. John Thornhill and Mr. R. Waugh.
41. FESTUCA
1. F. ovina (Sheep's Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 139;
Eng. Bot. 585;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 38;
F. rubra
With. ii. 153 according to Smith.
F. caesia
Eng. Bot. 1917;
F. tenuifolia
Sibth. 44;
In upland pastures, and on moors. δ at
Prestwick Carr, N.
2. F. vivipara (Viviparous Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 140;
Eng. Bot. 1355;
Berwick Flora, 25;
With. ii. 216;
F. ovina
Gr. Fl. Eds. 25;
F. ovina
Hook. Br. Fl. 45;
Near
Eglestone, D.
Near Crow Hall, opposite Ridley Hall, on the Tyne. — Mr. J. Thompson. On
Cheviot, N.
Most probably a variety of Festuca ovina.
3. F. duriuscula (Hard Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 141;
Eng. Bot. 470;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 38;
F. dumetorum
Linn. Sp. Pl. i. 109;
α In dry meadows. β in woods.
4. F. rubra (Creeping Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 141;
Eng. Bot. 2056;
F. glauca
Sm. Eng. Fl. 142;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, vol. ii. Preface 2 and 19, No. 1102;
Berwick Flora, 26;
Holy Island, N. δ on rocks below
Tynemouth Castle, and at
Hartley, N. At
Whitburn and
Hartlepool, D. On
Spittle Sands. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
5. F. bromoides (Barren Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 142;
Eng. Bot. 1411;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 39;
Berwick Flora, 26;
On walls and in sterile places.
6. F. Myurus (Wall Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 143;
Eng. Bot. 1412;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 39;
Not common about
Newcastle. On
St. Anthon's ballast hills, N. On
Hebburn and
Sunderland ballast hills, D. On
dykes about Berwick, frequent.— Dr. G. Johnston.
7. F. gigantea (Giant Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 144;
Eng. Bot. 1820;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 39;
Bromus giganteus
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 7;
In moist woods and hedges.
8. F. loliacca (Spiked Fescue-grass)
Sm. Fl. i. 146;
Eng. Bot. 1821;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 9;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 40;
Berwick Flora, 26;
In meadows near Team; near
Darlington; and in
Lambton Park, D. By the sides of the Tweed, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
9. F. pratensis (Meadow Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 147;
Eng. Bot. 1592;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 7;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 40;
A valuable grass, but not very abundant in our meadows and pastures.
10. F. elatior (Tall Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 148;
Eng. Bot. 1593;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 8;
Berwick Flora, 27;
In damp woods and moist meadows, N. and D. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
11. F. sylvatica (Slender Wood Fescue-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 149;
Hudson, 1st ed. 38;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 40;
Berwick Flora. 27;
Bromus sylvaticus
Eng. Bot. 729;
Fl. Brit. i. 136;
In woods and hedges, common.
42. BROMUS
1. B. secalinus (Smooth Rye Brome-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 151;
Eng. Bot. 1171;
With. ii. 224;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 41;
In corn fields near
Gateshead and
Sunderland, D. Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. Backhouse. Near
Reedsmouth, N.
2. B. velutinus (Downy Rye Brome-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 152;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 41;
B. multiflorus
Eng. Bot. 1884;
With. ii. 225;
Near
Seaton, D.— Mr. Backhouse. In fields at
Norwood, near
Ravensworth, D.
3. B. mollis (Soft Brome-grass)
4. B. racemosus (Smooth Brome-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 154;
Eng. Bot. 1079;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 41;
With. ii. 226;
B. pratensis
Eng. Bot. 1984, at the bottom. Sm. Comp. 19;
B. arvensis
Eng. Bot. 920;
In fields near
Sunderland,
Hartlepool, and
Darlington, D. On
St. Anthon's ballast hills, N.
5. B. arvensis (Taper Field Brome-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 156;
Eng. Bot. 1984;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 42;
B. spiculi-tenuata
Knapp. t. 81;
At
Hartlepool, towards
Seaton, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
6. B. asper (Hairy Wood Brome-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 158;
Eng. Bot. 1172;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 42;
B. hirsutus
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 8;
In damp woods and hedges.
7. B. sterilis (Barren Brome-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 159;
Eng. Bot. 1030;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 9;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 43;
In fields, hedges, and on old walls.
8. B. diandrus (Upright Annual Brome-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 160;
Eng. Bot. 1006;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 5;
With. ii. 228;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 43;
On
Sunderland ballast hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
43. AVENA
1. A. fatua (Wild Oat, or Haver)
Eng. Bot. 2221;
Berwick Flora, 28;
With. ii. 233;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 43;
In corn fields on the Magnesian Limestone, near Sunderland,
Easington, and
Castle Eden, D. About
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse. In corn fields, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
About
Newcastle, not frequent.
2. A. strigosa (Bristle-pointed Oat)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 163;
Eng. Bot. 1266;
With. ii. 234;
In corn fields near
Sunderland,
Castle Eden,
Tanfield, and
Burnupfield, D. Near West Pitts, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
3. A. pubescens (Downy Oat-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 164;
Eng. Bot. 1640;
With. ii. 233;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 43;
Berwick Flora, 28;
On the
Magnesian Limestone near Whitburn,
Fulwell,
Sunderland, and
Castle Eden, and on the Encrinal Limestone near New House, Weardale, D. In fields near
Haddrick's Mill, N. On the
sea coast and the banks of the Tweed, near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. A. pratensis (Narrow-leaved Oat-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 164;
Eng. Bot. 1204;
Berwick Flora, 28;
With. ii. 234;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 43;
In Magnesian Limestone pastures about
Cleadon,
Sunderland, and
Castle Eden, D.
Near Spittal, Gull-hole, and by the
river banks Near Berwick on the Encrinal Limestone. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. A. flavescens (Yellow Oat-grass)
44. ARUNDO
1. A. Phragmites (Common Reed)
2. A. epigejos (Wood Reed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 169;
Eng. Bot. 403;
With. ii. 236;
A. Calamagrostis
Lightfoot, 106;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 27;
Calamagrostis lanceolata
Hook. Br. Fl. 32;
At the foot of the
north branch of Castle Eden Dene, and
by the Tyne above Hebburn Quay, D. On the banks of North Tyne, near
Warden Mill, and in woods near
Gilsland wells, N.
3. A. arenaria (Sea Reed, Marram, Sea Mat-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 171;
Eng. Bot. 520;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 27;
Berwick Flora, 29;
Ammophila arundinacea
Lindley Syn. 303;
On the sea beach of Northumberland and Durham.
45. LOLIUM
1. L. perenne (Perennial Darnel, Red Darnel, Raygrass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 173;
Eng. Bot. 315;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 45;
Lond. Fasc. i. t. 18;
L. tenue
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 462;
Sm. i. 173;
α In meadows and pastures every where. β and δ much less common.
2. L. temulentum (Bearded Darnel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 174;
Eng. Bot. 1124;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 45;
Berwick Flora, 30;
In corn fields near
Cleadon,
Sunderland,
Castle Eden, and
Darlington, D. Less frequent in Northumberland. On
Shoreswood farm near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. L. arvense (White Darnel, Annual Beardless Darnell)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 174;
Eng. Bot. 1125;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 45;
With. ii. 239;
Berwick Flora, 30;
In fields
between Darlington and Conniscliffe. — Mr. Backhouse. On the borders of corn fields at
Whickham, D. In corn fields at
Easington,
near Belford, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
46. ROTTBOLLIA
1. R. incurvata (Sea Hard-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 175;
Eng. Bot. 760;
With. ii. 240;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 46;
In
Seaton pasture, D.— Mr. Backhouse. In the salt marshes of Tyne, Wear, and Tees, N. and D.
47. ELYMUS
1. E. arenarius (Upright Sea Lime-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 177;
Eng. Bot. 1672;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 46;
With. ii. 241;
On the coast near
Castle Eden,
Sunderland North Pier, and
South Shields, D. At
Seaton Snook.— John Hogg, Esq.South of Sunderland, D. — Mr. John Thornhill. At
Cullercoats and
Newbiggen, N.
2. E. europaeus (Wood Lime-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 178;
Eng. Bot. 1317;
With. ii. 242;
Hordeum sylvaticum
Hudson, 57;
Knapp. t. 107;
In
Ramshaw Wood and
Scotswood dene, N.
On the east bank of Wescrow Bourn,
four miles north of Wolsingham, D.
Between Rushyford and Ferry Hill, D.— Mr. E. Robson. This plant is not mentioned in Hooker's Flora Scotica. It appears more nearly allied to the genus Hordeum than to Elymus.
48. HORDEUM
1. H. murinum (Wall Barley, Mouse Barley, Way Bennet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 179;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 9;
Eng. Bot. 1971;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 46;
On old walls, and by way sides, common.
2. H. pratense (Meadow Barley)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 180;
Eng. Bot. 409;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 46;
Berwick Flora, 31;
In meadows near
Jarrow and
Monkton, D. Near
Ponteland, N. By no means a common grass in the north of England. In moist meadows near
Berwick, rare.— Dr. G. Johnston.
5. H. maritimum (Sea Barley, Squirrel-tail-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 180;
Eng. Bot. 1205;
With. ii. 244;
Hook. Lond. i. t. 43;
Fl. Scot. 46;
Near
Seaton, D.— Mr. Backhouse. At
Hartlepool, D.— Rev. J. Dalton. On
Holy Island,
opposite St. Cuthbert's Island, N.?— Thompson's Berwick Plants.
49. TRITICUM
1. T. junceam (Sea Rushy Wheat-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 182;
Eng. Bot. 814;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 44;
Berwick Flora, 31;
On the sea shores of N. and D. abundant. not very common on the
coast near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. T. repens (Creeping Wheat-grass, Couch-grass)
3. T. caninum (Fibrous-rooted Wheat-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 184;
Eng. Bot. 1372;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 44;
Berwick Flora, 32;
In moist woods and hedges.
4. T. loliaccum (Dwarf Sea Wheat-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 185;
Eng. Bot. 221;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 45;
With. ii. 246;
Near
Seaton, D. — Mr. E. Robson; and
Hartlepool, D Rev. J. Dalton. On the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D.
TRIANDRIA TRIGYNIA
50. MONTIA
1. M. fontana (Water Chickweed, Blinks)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 187;
Eng. Bot. 1206;
Curt. Fasc. iii. 8;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 47;
Berwick Flora, 32;
In springs and clear rills.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA
51. DIPSACUS
1. D. fullonum (Manured or Fuller's Teasel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 192;
Eng. Bot. 2080;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 49;
On
Sunderland ballast hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
2. D. sylvestris (Wild Teasel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 193;
Eng. Bot. 1032;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 9;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 49;
Berwick Flora, 35;
In moist hedges, &c., frequent. By road sides near
Berwick, rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. D. pilosus (Small Teasel, Shepherd's Staff)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 193;
Eng. Bot. 877;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 10;
With. ii. 255;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 49;
On the
ballast hills, west of Bishopwearmouth, D.— Rev. J. S. Symons.
52. KNAUTIA
1. K. arvensis (Field Knautia)
Hook. Br. Fl. 60;
Scabiosa arvensis
Sm Eng. Fl. i. 195;
Eng. Bot. 659;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 13;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 49;
Berwick Flora, 35;
In corn fields and pastures, common.
53. SCABIOSA
1. S. succisa (Devil's-bit Scabious)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 194;
Eng. Bot. 878;
Curt. Fasc. iii. 10;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 49;
Berwick Flora, 35;
In moist meadows, and by the edges of woods.
2. S. columbaria (Small Scabious)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 195;
Eng. Bot. 1311;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 50;
Berwick Flora, 35;
In limestone fields near
Fulwell,
Sunderland, and
Castle Eden, D. Near
Durham, and in
Embleton Dene, D. — John Hogg, Esq.
Near Old Park, Weardale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On
Warden hills, near Hexham, N. On the
banks of Tweed, near West Ord House, on
Spindlestone hills and above New Farm, near Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
Indicative of a calcareous soil.
54. SHERARDIA
1. S. arvensis (Blue Sherardia, or Little Field-Madder)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 196;
Eng. Bot. 891;
Curt. Fasc. v. 13;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 50;
Berwick Flora, 36;
Among corn, and in fallow fields.
55. ASPERULA
1. A. odorata (Sweet Woodruff, or Woodroof)
56. GALIUM
1. G. cruciatum (Cross-wort, Mug-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 199;
Eng. Bot. 143;
Valantia Cruciata
Linn. Sp. Pl. 1491;
Hudson, 441;
Lightfoot, 663;
In hedges, and the borders of woods, frequent.
2. G. palustre (White Water Bed-straw)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 199;
Eng. Bot. 1857;
Hook. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 20;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 36;
Berwick Flora, 36;
Hook. Br. Fl. 62;
G. Witheringii
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 200;
Eng. Bot. 2206;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 51;
With. ii. 261 t. xxviii;
Berwick Flora, 37;
α In ditches and pools. β in situations comparatively dry, by no means common. At
Polam, D.— Mr. J. Backhouse. At the
base of Cheviot, below Langley-ford, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
3. G. saxatile (Smooth Heath Bed-straw)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 201;
Eng. Bot. 815;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 51;
Berwick Flora, 37;
G. montanum
Hudson, 67;
G. procumbens
With. ii. 261;
On moors and fells, abundant.
4. G. uliginosum (Rough Marsh Bed-straw)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 201;
Eng. Bot. 1972;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 51;
Berwick Flora, 37;
Lond. Fasc. i 21;
With. ii. 262;
On the heath at
Prestwick Carr, N. Near
Berwick, not rare — Dr. G. Johnston. On
Beamish Moor, near
Medomsley, and near
Winch-bridge, in Teesdale, D.
5. G. tricorne (Corn Bed-straw, Three-flowered Goose-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 205;
Eng. Bot. 1641;
With. ii. 264;
G. spurium
Hudson, 68;
On
Fulwell hills.— Mr. E. Robson. In corn fields, near
Seaton, and the
mouth of Tees, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
6. G. verum (Yellow Bed-straw, Cheese-rennet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 208;
Eng. Bot. 66;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 13;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 50;
Berwick Flora, 36;
In dry hilly situations, and on the sands of the sea shore, common.
7. G. Mollugo (Great Hedge Bed-straw)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 208;
Eng. Bot. 1673;
With. ii. 264;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 53;
In hedges and denes, frequent.
8. G. boreale (Cross-leaved Bed-straw)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 209;
Eng. Bot. 105;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 53;
With. ii. 267;
On the banks of Tyne at
Bywell,
Wylam,
Low Park End, and
Warden-mill, and on the
banks of the Irthing, near Wardrew, N. On the
banks of Tees, at Winch Bridge, and near
Eglestone, on the
banks of the Skern, near Darlington, and in Cliffwood, D.
9. G. Aparine (Goose-grass, or Cleavers)
57. PLANTAGO
1. P. major (Greater Plantain)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 213;
Eng. Bot. 1558;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 53;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 11;
In meadows and pastures, everywhere.
2. P. media (Hoary Plantain)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 214;
Eng. Bot. 1559;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 14;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 53;
Berwick Flora, 38;
In pastures on the Magnesian Limestone, common. On dry pastures near
Berwick, upon the Encrinal Limestone.
3. P. lanceolata (Rib-wort Plaintain)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 214;
Eng. Bot. 507;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 10;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 54;
Berwick Flora, 38;
In meadows and pastures, frequent. I have gathered the panicled variety mentioned by Smith, in meadows at
Beamish, D.
4. P. maritima (Sea Plantain)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 215;
Eng. Bot. 175;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 54;
Berwick Flora, 38;
On the sea coast, common. On
Newcastle Town Moor, and near
Bavington, N.
Near the High Force of Tees, D. In the
neighbourhood of Barnard Castle, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
5. P. Coronopus (Bucks-horn Plantain, Star of the Earth)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 216;
Eng. Bot. 892;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 54;
Berwick Flora, 38;
On the sea coast, common.
58. SANGUISORBA
1. S. officinalis (Great Burnet)
59. CORNUS
1. C. sanguinea (Wild Cornel-tree, Dog-wood)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 221;
Eng. Bot. 249;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 55;
On the Magnesian Limestone, in woods and hedges about
Hetton-le-Hole and
Castle Eden, D. Near
Norton, D. — John Hogg, Esq.
2. C. Succica (Dwarf Cornel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 221;
Eng. Bot. 310;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 55;
With. ii. 278;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 39;
Berwick Flora, 39;
On the Cheviot Hills, N., first discovered by Dr. Penny, who died in 1568; again noticed by Thos. Willisellin 1670. — Ray's Letters, p. 68. Re-discovered by Dr. G. Johnston in 1828; on the
east side of the mountain, two-thirds from the base, and close to the spring, where persons ascending generally rest themselves.
60. PARIETARIA
1. P. officinalis (Pellitory of the Wall)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 222;
Eng. Bot. 879;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 63;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 56;
Berwick Flora, 39;
On
Newcastle town walls,
Durham Abbey, and on the ruins of most old castles, N. and D. Also on the
Magnesian Limestone rocks near Southwick, D. On the
ramparts of Berwick, and
dyke below the chain bridge. — Dr. G. Johnston.
61. ALCHEMILLA
1. A. vulgaris (Common Ladies' Mantle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 223;
Eng. Bot. 597;
Berwick Fl. 39;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 56;
A. minor
Hudson, i. 59;
α In woods, meadows, and pastures; β in mountainous situations.
2. A. arvensis (Field Ladies' Mantle, Parsley-piert)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 224;
Eng. Bot. 1011;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 56;
Berwick Flora, 39;
In barren situations, fallow fields, &c.
TETRANDRIA TETRAGYNIA
62. ILEX
63. I. Aquifolium (Holly-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 227;
Eng. Bot. 496;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 56;
Berwick Flora, 39;
Remarkably luxuriant in the woods of Northumberland and Durham.
63. POTAMOGETON
1. P. natans (Broad-leaved Pond-weed)
2. P. heterophyllum (Various-leaved, Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 229;
Eng. Bot. 1285;
With. ii. 293;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 57;
Berwick Flora, 41;
In
Prestwick Carr, N. In pools near Wescrow Bourn, in
Waskerley Park, D.
3. P. perfoliatum (Perfoliate Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 229;
Eng. Bot. 168;
Br. Prod. 343;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 58;
Berwick Flora, 41;
In a lake at
Dudley Shield, near
Netherwitton, N. In the Skern, near
Darlington.— Mr. E. Robson. In the Tweed, and in large ponds near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
This appears to be a native of Australia by Brown's Prodromus.
4. P. densum (Close-leaved Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 230;
Eng. Bot. 397;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 58;
In ponds at
Walker, N. In a spring near
Manhaven, on the coast north of
Whitburn, also in ponds at
Hebburn, and the Skern, near
Darlington, D.
5. P. fluitans (Long-leaved floating Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 230;
Eng. Bot. 1286;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 57;
With. ii. 293;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 40;
P. rufescens
Hook. Br. Fl. 75;
In
Whey Syke, on Teesdale Forest, D. In ditches communicating with
Hell Kettles, near
Darlington. Mr. E. Robson. In ponds on
Alnwick, moor, N. — Mr. John Davison.
6. P. lucens (Shining Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 231;
Eng. Bot. 376;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 58;
Gr. Fl. .Eds. 41;
Berwick Flora, 41;
In
Prestwick Carr,
Crag Lake, and the lake at Dudley Shield; also in the
mill-race at Hexham, in the
Tweed above the Union Bridge, and
a little below Coldstream, N. In the
Whey-syke on Teesdale Forest, the
river Skern, and ponds near Darlington, D.
7. P. crispum (Curled Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 233;
Eng. Bot. 1012;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 15;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 58;
Berwick Flora, 41;
In ponds and rivulets.
8. P. compressum (Flat-stalked Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 233;
Eng. Bot. 418;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 58;
With. ii. 295;
In ponds at
Wide-haugh, near Dilston, N. In stells near
Seaton, and in a pond near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
9. P. pusillum (Small Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 235;
Eng. Bot. 215;
With. ii. 297;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 41;
Berwick Flora, 41;
In the
loch at Holy Island, and in
Prestwick Carr, N. In ponds at
Lambton, and in Mordent Carr, D. About
Norton and
Stockton, D. — John Hogg, Esq. In
the Aln, near Alnwick, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
10. P. pectinatum (Fennel-leaved Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 236;
Eng. Bot. 323;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 41;
Berwick Flora, 42;
With. ii. 295;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 59;
P. marinum
Linn. Sp. Pl. 184;
Hudson, 76;
At
Hell Kettles, near
Darlington; in the river Wear at
Chester New Bridge, near
Lambton Ferry, and above
Sunderland, D. In salt-water ditches near the
Tees. — John Hogg, Esq. In salt marshes near
Hilton, D. — Rev. J. Symons. In a salt-water ditch called
Meggy's Bourn, north of Seaton Sluice, N. In the Tweed and the lough at
Holy Island, N Dr. G. Johnston.
64. RUPPIA
1. R. maritima (Sea Ruppia, Tassel Pond-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 237;
Eng. Bot. 136;
Hook. Lond. t. 50;
Fl. Scot. 59;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 42;
With. ii. 297;
In
Meggy's Bourn, north of Seaton Sluice, N.
Near Tees Mouth, D Mr. E. Robson.
65. SAGINA
1. S. procumbens (Procumbent Pearl-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 238;
Eng. Bot. 880;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 12;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 59;
Berwick Flora, 42;
On walls and waste places, common. On the
Fern Islands, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. S. maritima (Sea Pearl-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 239;
Eng. Bot. 2195;
Lond. t. 115;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 42;
Berwick Flora, 42;
On
Hartlepool Pier, D. On
Seaton Moor, D. — Mr. Janson. Between
Holy Island Castle and the Heugh, N. On the
Fern Islands. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. S. apetala (Annual Small-flowered Pearl-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 240;
Eng. Bot. 881;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 14;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 60;
Berwick Flora, 43;
Near
Sunderland, D. At
Blackwell, D Mr. Backhouse. On the
heights between Belford and Bamborough. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. On the walls at
Fisher's Fort, Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
66. MOENCHIA
1. M. erecta (Upright Moenchia)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 241;
M. glauca
Hook. Fl. Scot;
Sagina erecta
Eng. Bot. 609;
Curt. Fasc. ii. 12;
With, ii. 299;
In
gravel pits on Durham Moor. — Rev. J. Symons. On Limestone hills, near
Sunderland, D. — W. Weighell.
67. RADIOLA
1. R. millegrana (Thyme-leaved Flax-seed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 24 - 3;
Eng. Bot. 893;
Berwick Flora, 43;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 60;
Linum Radiola
With. ii. 435;
Linn. Sp. Pl. 402;
On
Newcastle Town Moor, by the road leading to Benton, N. — Rev. Jas. Birkett, Sp. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA
68. MYOSOTIS
1. M. palustris (Great Water Scorpion-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 249;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 67;
Berwick Flora, 51;
Eng. Bot. 1973;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. 13;
In rivulets, mill-pools, ditches, &c.
2. M. caespitosa (Tufted Water Scorpion-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 250;
Berwick Flora, 51;
Eng. Bot. t. 2661;
Hook. Br. Fl. 83;
In dry ditches, and by ponds near
Wallington, N. — W. C. Trevelyan, Esq. In the lane below
Unthank Colliery, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. M. sylvatica (Upright Wood Scorpion-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 251;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 66;
Dill. Ray's Syn. 229, t. ix. f. 3 (good);
Berwick Flora, 52;
In
Castle Eden Dene, and near
Middleton in Teesdale, D. Near
Whitfield, also in
Scotswood Dene and
Twizell Castle woods N. In
Wallington woods, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In
Horncliff Dene, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
4. M. arvensis (Field Scorpion-grass)
Eng. Bot. 2629;
Hook. Br. Fl. 85;
Fl. Scot. 67;
M. scorpioides α arvensis
Sm. Fl. Brit. i. 212;
M. collina
Hook. Br. Fl. 85;
M. arvensis
Eng. Bot. 2558;
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 252;
α On hedge banks, and in woods, frequent. β on walls and basaltic rocks, frequent.
5. M. versicolor (Yellow and blue Scorpion-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 253;
Eng. Bot. 2558 and 480, f. i;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 67;
Berwick Flora, 52;
On walls, and in fields near
Newcastle, but not common. On
Cloudy crags near Alnwick, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
69. LITHOSPERMUM
1. L. officinale (Common Gromwell, Grey Mill, Grey Miller)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 254;
Eng. Bot. 134;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 68;
With. ii. 308;
In
Castle Eden and
Hawthorn Dene, and
Hilton woods, on the Magnesian Limestone, D.
2. L. arvense (Corn Gromwell, Bastard Alkanet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 255;
Eng. Bot. 123;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 68;
In corn fields, frequent.
Linnaeus remarks, that the girls of the north of Europe paint their faces with the juice of the root, upon days of festivity.
3. L. maritimum (Sea Gromwell)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 256;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 68;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 44;
Pulmonaria maritima
Eng. Bot. 368;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 18;
At
Scremmerston Mill,
between the Salt Pans and Berwick. — Lawson. Dill, Ray's Syn. 228.
This elegant plant has not been observed on the coast of Northumberland for many years past. On the shores of Cumberland and Wales, it is by no means rare, and I have specimens from Fifeshire.
70. ANCHUSA
1. A. officinalis (Common Alkanet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 258;
Eng. Bot. 662;
With. ii. 310;
Naturalized on the links near
Hartley Pans, N. Brought here in ballast from the Continent.
2. A. sempervirens (Evergreen Alkanet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 258;
Eng. Bot. 45;
With. ii. 310;
Berwick Flora, 53;
Fl. Scot. 68;
Naturalized near Berwick, in a hedge behind Ramsay's barn — Dr.Thompson. Near the Grieve's House. — Dr. G. Johnston.
71. CYNOGLOSSUM
1. C. officinale (Common Hound's-tongue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 260;
Eng. Bot. 921;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 16;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 69;
Berwick Flora, 53;
By road sides and on rubbish, particularly near the coast, but by no means common, N. and D. On the links at
Scremmerston and
Holy Island, N. —
Dr. G. Johnston.
71. PULMONARIA
1. P. officinalis (Common Lung-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. 261;
Eng. Bot. 118;
With. ii. 312;
Gr. Pl. Eds. 46;
In
Cliff Wood, six miles west of Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. Near
the gate of the Slocking, in the neighbourhood of Alnwick, N. — Miss Pringle, Sp. In a wood near
Howick. — Rev. J. Dodd. Probably naturalized in all these habitats.
72. SYMPHYTUM
1. S. officinale (Common Comfrey)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 263;
Eng. Bot. 817;
Curt. Fasc. iv. 18;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 69;
β S. patensSib. Fl. Ox. 70;With. ii. 315;
On the banks of
Pont near Ponteland, in lanes at
Benwell; and in
Wall's End Dene, N. By hedges
between South Shields and Jarrow, D. At
Polam, near
Darlington, D. — Mr. J. Backhouse. β On the
banks of Pont, near Ponteland, N.
2. S. tuberosum (Tuberous-rooted Comfrey)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 263;
Eng. Bot. 1502;
Lightfoot, 1091;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 46;
With. ii. 315;
Hook. Brit. Fl. 81;
Durham. — Mr. E. Robson, in Hooker's Flora. By the
side of the Whiteadder, half-way between its mouth and the bridge within Berwick bounds.— Dr. G. Johnston.
73. BORAGO
1. B. officinalis (Common Borage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 264;
Eng. Bot. 36;
With. ii. 315;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 70;
Berwick Flora, 53;
Naturalized on the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. On the links between Hartlepool and the second wind-mill, D.— John Hogg, Esq. In fields at
Hallidon, N.— Mr. A. Baird.
74. ASPERUGO
1. A. procumbens (German Mad-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 265;
Eng. Bot. 661;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 70;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 46;
Berwick Flora, 54;
With. ii. 316;
In the
Holy Island, N.— Dill. Ray's Syn. 228. On
Bamborough Castle, and on rubbish by the road side below it, N. — Miss Nevison and Miss Forster, Sp.
75. LYCOPSIS
1. L. arvensis (Small Bugloss)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 267;
Eng. Bot. 938;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 7;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 70;
In corn-fields and the links of the sea coast.
76. ECHIUM
1. E. vulgare (Common Blue Viper's Bugloss)
Sm. Eng. Fl i. 268;
Eng. Bot. 181;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 70;
Berwick Flora, 54;
In fields, on waste ground, and on the links on the sea coast, not very frequent.
I have gathered an elegant variety with white flowers, (not noticed by SMITH or WITHERING), on the western extremity of Box Hill, Surrey.
2. E. italicum (White Viper's Bugloss)
Sm. Fl. Brit. i. 221;
Eng. Bot. 2081;
With. ii. 371;
On
Sunderland ballast hills, D.: at one time far from rare, but imported from the Continent, I make no doubt.
77. PRIMULA
1. P. vulgaris (Primrose)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 270;
Eng. Bot. 4;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 71;
P. acaulis
Curt. Fasc. vi. 16;
Berwick Flora, 54;
P. elatior
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 270;
Eng. Bot. 513;
With. ii. 319;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 71;
P. veris
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 271;
Eng. Bot. 5;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 71;
Berwick Flora, 55;
α. In groves and thickets, and on the banks of hedges. Var. I; flowers of a brownish or dusky red. In
Felton woods, on the banks of the Coquet, N. In Swansfield plantations near Alnwick, N. — Bliss Pringle. Near
Harperley, D. — John Hogg, Esq. β on the banks of Team near
Urpeth, in meadows near
Chester-le-Street and
Lambton, and in
Dalton Dene, D. At
Snipperley. — Rev. J. Symons. Near
Norton and
Stockton, D. — John Hogg, Esq. In
Hulne woods, near Alnwick, N. Mr. J. Davison. Var. I; flowers tinged with red. In meadows near
Castle Eden Dene, D. γ in meadows and pastures. Var. I;
With. ii. 390;Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 271;
. The outside of the corolla scarlet. Near
Brunton Mill, N. However singular it may appear, yet the experiments of the Hon. and Rev. W. HERBERT, detailed in the 4th vol. of the Horticultural Transactions at p. 19, clearly prove the suspicions of Linnaeus, that the Primrose, Ox-lip, Cowslip, and Polyanthus, were only varieties of the same species, to be well grounded. On this subject, so interesting in a Botanic point of view, Professor HENSLOW'S paper, published in Loudon's Magazine for September, 1830, throws additional light.
2. P. farinosa (Bird's-eye Primrose)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 272;
Eng. Bot. 6;
Hook. Lond. t. 133;
With. ii. 320;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 9;
In bogs and wet pastures near
Easington,
Painsher,
Hilton Castle,
Castle Eden,
East Murton, and
Dalton-le-Dale; also near
Eglestone, and in Teesdale Forest, D. Near
Ovingham, N. Near
Durham,
Norton, to the
west of Stainton, and in Close wood, near
Embleton, D. — John Hogg, Esq. This pretty Primula follows the Wear and Tees from the sea-coast to the Sub-Alpine mountains, in which these rivers have their sources.
78. MENYANTHES
1. M. trifoliata (Buckbean Marsh-Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 274;
Eng. Bot. 495;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 17;
Woodv. t. 2;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 71;
Berwick Flora, 55;
In marshes and bogs, not rare.
79. VILLARSIA
1. V. nymphoeoides (Fringed Water-Lilly)
Vent. Lindley Br. Syn. 180;
Hook. Br. Fl. 92;
Menyanthes nymphoeides
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 275;
Eng. Bot. 217;
This elegant plant, a native of the Thames, near Hampton Court, Walton, and Windsor, has become naturalized in the ponds at
Wallington, N.
80. HOTTONIA
1. H. palustris (Feather-foil Water Violet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 276;
Eng. Bot. 364;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 11;
With. ii. 322;
At
Mainsforth Carr near Rushyford, in a
pool below East Boldon, and near
Cocken, D. In ditches near
Darlington. — Rev. J. Harriman. Also near
Norton, D. — John Hogg, Esq.
This plant does not appear in Hooker's Flora Scotica, nor has it been met with north of the Tyne.
81. LYSIMACHIA
1. L. vulgaris (Yellow Loosestrife)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 277;
Eng. Bot. 761;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 19;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 72;
Robson's Fl. 73;
Berwick Flora, 56;
With. ii. 323;
By the side of a pond at
the south-west end of Widehaugh near Dilston, by the road to Hexham, and on the
banks of North Tyne at Low Park-end near Nunwick, N. — Wallis i. 157;. I have not been able to find it in these localities. At
Sow-mire near Swinton, Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. By the
Drop-well on the banks of Skerne near Darlington, where it was noticed by S. Robson. — Rev. John Harriman, from whom I have specimens.
2. L. punctata (Four-leaved Loose-strife)
Hook. Brit. Fl. 88;
Jacq. Aust. iv. 366;
"I have gathered this plant twenty-five years ago on the banks of the Skerne, in abundance; the plant grew both above and below the Railway-bridge. A botanist from Richmond of the name of WARD gathered it three or four years since in the same situation." — Mr. Backhouse, MSS.
3. L. nemorum (Wood Loosestrife, Yellow Pimpernel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 278;
Eng. Bot. 527;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 18;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 72;
Berwick Flora, 56;
In moist woods, and on bogs.
4. L. Nummularia (Creeping Loosestrife, Money-wort, Herb Twopence)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 279;
Eng. Bot. 528;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 14;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 72;
With. ii. 325;
On
Hebburn ballast hills, D.
St. Anthon's ballast hills, N.
82. ANAGALLIS
1. A. arvensis (Scarlet Pimpernel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 280;
Eng. Bot. 529;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 12;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 72;
Berwick Flora, 56;
A. coerulea
(Blue Pimpernel.)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 280;
Eng. Bot. 1823;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 72;
A. arvensis
Sm. Fl. Brit. 230;
With. ii. 325 var. 2d.
α. In fallow fields, but not very frequent in the north. β on
Hebburn and
Sunderland ballast hills, D. Near
Mitford on the Wansbeck, N.— Capt. Mitford. In the corn fields about
Alnwick, sparingly. — Wallis, i. 207;.
Two miles west of Norton among tares and beans, D. — J. Hogg, Esq.
In a communication to Loudon's Magazine, for November, 1830, p. 537, Professor HENSLOW observes, "that he received last year from the Rev. E. WILSON some specimens and seeds of Anagallis coerulea gathered in Yorkshire; from these seeds he raised a dozen plants, nine of which had blue flowers, and three red." This experiment proves Anagallis arvensis
and Anagallis coerulea
to be merely varieties of the same species.
2. A. tenella (Bog Pimpernel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 281;
Eng. Bot. 530;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 15;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 73;
With. ii. 326;
Berwick Flora, 57;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 49;
In bogs near
Urpeth, and at
Kyo Heugh, also in
Ryhope Dene, D. On wet ground by the Tees near
Eglestone. — Rev. J. Harriman.
Between Darlington and Haughton, and by the Link House near Hartlepool, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
On the north side of the streamlet by Acomb smelting mill near Hexham. — Wallis, i. 206;.
Point near Bamborough. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. Near
Crow Hall opposite Ridley Hall. — Mr. J. Thompson. On
Alnwick Moor, N. — Miss Pringle.
83. CONVOLVULUS
1. C. arvensis (Small Bind-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 284;
Eng. Bot. 312;
Curt. Fasc. ii. 13;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 73;
Berwick Flora, 57;
In fields near the sea coast of Northumberland and Durham. not very common in the north of England.
2. C. sepium (Great Bindweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 284;
Eng. Bot. 313;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 13;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 74;
Berwick Flora, 57;
Calystegia sepium
Lindley Syn. 167;
In moist woods and hedges, but by no means common. In hedges behind
St. Anthon's ballast hills, N.
3. C. Soldanella (Sea Bind-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 285;
Eng. Bot. 314;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 74;
With. ii. 828;
Calystegia Soldanella
Lindley Syn. 167;
On the
links near South Shields below the Bent House, D. July 11, 1828. First noticed there by Mr. A. Hancock.
84. CAMPANULA
1. C. rotundifolia (Round-leaved Bell-flower)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 287;
Eng. Bot. 866;
Curt. Fasc. iv. 21;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 74;
α On the borders of fields, heaths, &c. frequent. α flore albo
in Heaton Dene, N.
2. C. Rapunculus (Rampion Bell-flower)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 289;
Eng. Bot. 283;
Hook. Lond. t. 80;
With. ii. 330;
In a grassy field of the Glebe at
Norton, D. — John Hogg, Esq.
Probably the outcast of some garden, the root having long been used as a table vegetable.
3. C. latifolia (Giant Bell-flower)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 290;
Eng. Bot. 302;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 75;
With. ii. 331;
In moist woods and hedges, not rare.
4. C. glomerata (Clustered Bell-flower)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 292;
Eng. Bot. 90;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 75;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 51;
On the
banks of Tyne near Wylam, near
St. Oswald's and
Chollerford, N. In a field by the
lime-kilns at Wall near Chollerford-bridge, in woody banks near
Netherwarden, near Hexham, and by the banks of Tyne, in the meadow near
Bywell, also
Crag-close near Barwesford, N. — Wallis, i. 162;. In
Hulne woods near Alnwick. — Miss Pringle. All these localities are in the Encrinal Limestone district. In
woods at Cocken, near Chester-le-Street, D. On
Barbara Biggs, near Barnardcastle, and near
Gainforth, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. In meadows near
Croft, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
5. C. hybrida (Corn Bell-flower)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 293;
Eng. Bot. 375;
With. ii. 334;
In corn fields near
Norton, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. In corn fields on
Tunstal-hills, and on
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. Not met with in Scotland.
Tunstal-hills and Norton, are in the Magnesian Limestone district.
85. JASIONE
1. J. montana (Sheep's-bit, Sheep's Scabious)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 296;
Eng. Bot. 882;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 58;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 76;
On the banks of hedges near
Gilsland,
Hexham and
Haltwhistle, N. Near
Hamsterley and
Witton-le-Wear, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
86. VIOLA
1. V. hirta (Hairy Violet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 301;
Eng. Bot. 894;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 76;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 51;
With. ii. 353;
Berwick Flora, 58;
On banks near
Bywell,
Ovingham, and
Wylam, N. Near
Jarrow,
Whitburn, and in
Castle Eden Dene, D. New Mill banks, near Berwick, — Dr. Thompson. On
Ratcheugh Crags, near Alnwick, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
2. V. odorata (Sweet Violet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 301;
Eng. Bot. 619;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 63;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 77;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 51;
With. ii. 354;
Near
Prudhoe Castle,
Ovingham, and
Hexham, N. Near
Finchall Abbey,
Chester-le-Street,
Hetton-le-Hole, and
Dalton-le-Dale, D. Near
Hilton Castle, and at
Bede's Well, near Jarrow. — Mr. J. Thornhill, jun.
3. V. palustris (Marsh Violet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 302;
Eng. Bot. 444;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 58;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 77;
With. ii. 355;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 52;
Berwick Flora, 58;
In boggy ground, in
East Common Wood, near Hexham, and at
Prestwick Carr, N. On Teesdale Forest, in
Ravensworth woods, near
Urpeth,
Beamish, and
Witton-le-Wear, D. Near
Murton Craggs, and
below Shoreswood Hall. — Dr. Thompson.
4. V. canina (Dog's Violet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 303;
Eng. Bot. 620;
Curt. Fasc. ii. 61;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 77;
In groves, by hedges, and on heathy ground, common.
5. V. tricolor (Pansy Violet Heart's-ease)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 305;
Eng. Bot. 1287;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 65;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 77;
Berwick Flora, 58;
V. arvensis
Sibthorp 84;
Symon's Syn. 61;
α. In corn fields, and by road sides; β more frequent than α in similar situations.
6. V. lutea (Yellow Mountain Pansy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 306;
Eng. Bot. 721;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 77;
With. ii. 357;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 52;
Berwick Flora, 59;
V. grandiflora
Hudson, 380;
Lightfoot, 508;
On mountainous pastures in Weardale, and in Teesdale Forest, D. At
Housesteads, near the Roman Wall, and on the
banks of Beldon Bourn, near Blanchland, N.
87. VERBASCUM
1. V. Thapsus (Great Mullein, High Taper)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 307;
Eng. Bot. 549;
Woodv. t. 125;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 78;
Grev. Fl. Eds. 53;
Berwick Flora, 59;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. Near
Jesmond, and in the bed of
Till, near Wooler, N. Near
Pierce bridge. — Mr. Backhouse. By road sides near East Harrington. — Rev. J. Symons. Near
Norton. — J. Hogg, Esq. At
Castle Eden, D.
Frequently the out-cast of cottage gardens.
2. V. nigrum (Dark, or Black Mullein)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 311;
Eng. Bot. 59;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 103;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 73;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 53;
With. ii. 342;
Berwick Flora, 59;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. — Naturalized on waste ground at
Ord, near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
88. DATURA
1. D. Stramonium (Thorn-apple)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 314;
Eng. Bot. 1288;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 17;
Woodv. t. 124;
With.ii. 344;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. Backhouse.
Durham and
Norton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq.
A naturalized exotic, and not mentioned in the Flora Scotica by Hooker.
89. HYOSCYAMUS
1. H. niger (Common Henbane)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 315;
Eng. Bot. 591;
Woodv. t. 52;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 78;
Berwick Flora, 60;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 53;
On sandy waste ground, particularly near the sea coast.
Hyoscyamus albus
is admitted by Withering into his Arrangement, in consequence of specimens having been gathered on the Sunderland Ballast-hills, by Mr. E. Robson; upon similar ground Hyoscyamus aureus and fifty other exotics, might have been inserted in this catalogue.
90. ATROPA
1. A. Belladonna (Dwale, or Deadly Nightshade)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 316;
Eng. Bot. 592;
Woodv. t. 1;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 16;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 78;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 53;
With. ii. 346;
Berwick Flora, 60;
By the
Waggon-way side, between Walbottle and Newburn, and on the
banks of Wooler Water, N. On the
banks of Wear, near Durham Abbey, below Mr. Fox's garden, where it was observed by Mr. S. Robson. See Fl. p. 75. Near
Pierce-bridge. — Mr. E. Robson; and near the
Old Mill, in the parish of Conniscliff, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
91. SOLANUM
1. S. Dulcamara (Woody Nightshade, Bitter-sweet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 317;
Eng. Bot. 365;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 14;
Woodv. t. 33;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 79;
Berwick Flora, 60;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 54;
In hedges and woods, but not very common.
2. S. nigrum (Common or Garden Nightshade)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 318;
Eng. Bot. 566;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 14;
Woodv. t. 226;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 79;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. Near
Chester-le-Street, D.
Between Shincliffe and Durham.— J. Hogg, Esq.Rare in the north of England.
92. ERYTHRAEA
1. E. Centaurium (Common Centaury)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 320;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 79;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 54;
Berwick Flora, 61;
Chironia Centaurium
Woodv. t. 157;
E. latifolia
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 321;
Hook. Br. Fl. 93;
α On barren pastures, heaths, and the sea coast. β on the
Links between Marsdon Hall and South Shields, D. Near
Cullercoats, N.
2. E. littoralis (Dwarf-tufted Centaury)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 320;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 80;
Berwick Flora, 61;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 54;
Chironia littoralis
Turner and Dillwyn's Guide, 469;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, vol. i. No. 223, and v. ii. preface, iii;
With. ii. 350;
Centaurea maritima florum laciniis obtusis.— Linnaei Spolia Botanica, t. 3. f. 3. MSS., 1729;
On the
Links south of Bamborough Castle, and on
Holy Island, N.— July the 19th and 20th, 1804.
On the
Links at Holy Island I have noticed thousands of the Dwarf Centaury, without finding one plant approximating in the shape of its leaves to the Common Centaury, even whose variety β, the Broad leaved Centaury of Smith, still retains its elliptical leaves on our sea beach; those of Erythraea littoralis on the other hand, are with us invariably linear, but obtuse. Still cultivation alone can determine whether it should rank as a species. The rough sketch above quoted, drawn by the pen of Linnaeus, is very characteristic.
93. SAMOLUS
1. S. Valerandi (Brookweed, Water Pimpernel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 323;
Eng. Bot. 703;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 20;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 80;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 55;
Br. Prod. 428;
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 927;
With. ii. 337;
Berwick Flora, 62;
In bogs at
Willington Quay, and
Prestwick Carr, on the coast at
Holy Island, near the Snook, and on the
beach at Bamborough, N. In the marsh
below Southwick, and on the coast
between Sunderland and Ryhope, also near
Hartlepool, and
Castle Eden, D. About
Darlington. — S. Robson. See Flora, p. 72. Near
Norton, and on the
sea banks near Blackwell Halls, D.- J. Hogg, Esq.
A very widely disseminated plant, appearing to be indigenous in the four quarters of the globe, and found even in Australia.
94. LONICERA
1. L. Periclymenum (Common Honeysuckle, or Woodbine)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 326;
Eng. Bot. 800;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 15;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 80;
Berwick Flora, 62;
In woods and hedges, common.
2. L. Xylosteum (Upright Honeysuckle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 326;
Eng. Bot. 916;
With. ii. 338;
Hook. Br. Fl. 103;
Naturalized in hedges by
the turnpike road, south of Alnwick, also in
the wood called the Stocking, N. On the rocks
under the Roman wall, on the west side of Shewing Shields, and by
Crag Lake. — Wallis, North, i. 149;. Stunted plants of the common Woodbine, grow in these two localities.
95. RHAMNUS
1. R. catharticus (Buckthorn)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 327;
Eng. Bot. 1629;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 80;
Woodv. t. 114;
With. ii. 351;
In
Ryhope dene, D. — W. Weighell's Herb.
96. EUONYMUS
1. E. europaeus (Spindle-tree, Prickwood)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 329;
Eng. Bot. 362;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 81;
Grev. Fl. Eds. 55;
With. ii. 353;
Berwick Flora, 63;
In
Heaton and
Scotswood denes, and in
Tecket wood, N. In
Ashwood, near Belford — Thompson's Berwick Plants. At
Capon Cleugh, near Allerwash, also in the Brush wood, on the banks of south Tyne, N. — Wallis, i. 141;. In the
Darlington-lane, one mile from Norton, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. In
Ryhope and
Castle Eden denes, D. In
Shipley wood, near Eglestone.— Rev. J. Harriman.
97. RIBES
1. R. rubrum (Common Currants)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 330;
Eng. Bot. 1289;
Woodv. t. 74;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 81;
With. ii. 359;
In woods, and on the banks of rivulets, N. and D. In
Teesdale, near Eglestone, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. In
Hulne woods, near Alnwick, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
2. R. petraeum (Rock Currants)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 331;
Eng. Bot. 705;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 81;
In
Ravensworth woods, and hedges near
Harperly, also near
Conniscliffe, and
Eglestone, and in Teesdale Forest, D. Near
Pierce bridge.— Mr. Backhouse. In
Scotswood dene, N. In
Heaton Dene, N.— Mr. J. Thornhill.
3. R. spicatum (Acid Mountain Currants)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 331;
Eng. Bot, 1290;
Linn. Tr. iii. 240, t. 21;
With ii. 360;
Between
Pierce bridge and
Gainford, D. — Mr. E. Robson. At present extinct, E. R. MSS.
From its mode of flowering the spikes being upright; this Currant appears very different from the preceding species, but whether specifically distinct, I will not pretend to say. It is still in cultvation in curious gardens at Darlington, and with Mr. J. Backhouse, at York.
4. R. alpinum (Tasteless Mountain Currants)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 332;
Eng. Bot. 704;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 81;
With. ii. 359;
In
Felton wood, N. In hedges near
Murton House, near
Chester-le-Street, D. In woods near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson. And in
Cliff wood, D. — Mr. Backhouse. On the
west bank of the wood called the Stocking, near Alnwick. — Mr. F. Manisty. Also in
Hulne woods, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
5. R. nigrum (Black Currants)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 332;
Eng. Bot. 1291;
Woodv. t. 75;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 32;
With. ii. 360;
On the
banks of Pont, near Prestwick Carr, N. In
Ravensworth, and most other woods near Newcastle. On the
banks of Skerne, near DarlingtonD. — Mr. E. Robson.
6. R. Grossularia (Rough Gooseberry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 333;
Eng. Bot. 1292;
Berwick Flora, 63;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 32;
With. ii. 361 2d variety;
R. Uva-crispa
Eng. Bot. 2057;
α. In woods and hedges. β near
Lamesley, D.
98. HEDERA
1. H. Helix (Common Ivy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 334;
Eng. Bot. 1267;
Curt. Fasc. i. 1. 16;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 82;
On old buildings, and in woods and hedges.
99. GLAUX
1. G. maritima (Black Salt-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 336;
Eng. Bot. 13;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 82;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 56;
With. ii. 63;
Berwick Flora, 64;
In salt marshes on Tyne, Tweed, Blyth, Wear, Tees, &c.
98. VINCA
1. V. minor (Lesser Periwinkle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 338;
Eng. Bot. 917;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 16;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 82;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 57;
With. ii. 365;
At
Blackwell. — Mr. Backhouse. In
Hylton-lane, D. — Rev. J. Symons. Naturalized in
Wallington woods, and in
Swansfield plantations, near Alnwick, N.
PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA
100. CHENOPODIUM
1. C. Bonus-Henricus (Perennial Goosefoot, Mercury Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 9;
Eng. Bot. 1. 1033;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 17;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 83;
Berwick Flora, 63;
On rubbish, and by way sides.
2. C. urbicum (Upright Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 10;
Eng. Bot. 717;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 58;
With. ii. 367;
On the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. — Near
Darlington. — Mr. Backhouse. Near Field Houses, D. — Rev. J. Symons.
3. C. rubrum (Red Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 11;
Eng. Bot. 1721;
Berwick Flora. 63;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 21;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 58;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 34;
By road sides near
Chirton, N. On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. Near
Berwick, frequent. and on the
Fern Islands. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
4. C. botryodes (Many spiked Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 11;
Eng. Bot. 2247;
Hook. Br. Fl. 138;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D W. Weighell's Herb.
5. C. murale (Nettle-leaved Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 11;
Eng. Bot. 1722;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 20;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 34;
With. ii. 370;
Berwick Flora, 65;
On rubbish, and by road sides near
Gateshead,
Chester-le-Street, and
Hartlepool, D. Near the Castle on
Holy Island, N.
6. C. hybridum (Maple-leaved Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 12;
Eng. Bot. 1919;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 23;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 34;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 58;
With. ii. 369;
On
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N. On the
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.
7. C. album (White Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 13;
Eng. Bot. 1723;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 15;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 84;
C. viride
Linn. Sp. Pl. i. 319;
On waste and cultivated ground, common.
8. C. ficifolium (Fig-leaved Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 13;
Eng. Bot. 1724;
C. viride
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 16;
C. serotinum
Hudson, 106;
On
St. Anthon's, and
Sunderland ballast-hills, also by road sides, and on dunghills, N. and D.
9. C. glaucum (Oak-leaved Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 14;
With. ii. 370;
By road sides near Ponteland, at
Chirton, and on
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.
— W. Weighell's Herb.
10. C. olidum (Stinking Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 14;
Eng. Bot, 1034;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 20;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 83;
With ii. 370;
C. Vulvaria
Hudson, 107;
Woodv. t. 145;
On rubbish at
Friar's Goose, near
Gateshead, and by road sides near
Westoe, D.
11. C. acutifolium (Sharp Entire-leaved Goosefoot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 15;
Eng. Bot. 1481;
C. polyspermum
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 17;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, i. 25;
With. ii. 371;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
12. C. maritimum (Sea Goosefoot, Sea Blite)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 16;
Eng. Bot. 633;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 59;
With. ii. 371;
Berwick Flora, 65;
On the coast, and in the salt marshes of Tyne, Wear, Tees, &c. N. and D. On
Holy Island, and the
coast near BealDr. G. Johnston.
13. C. fruticosum (Shrubby Sea-side Goosefoot)
Hook. Br. Fl. 136;
Salsola fruticosa
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 18;
Eng. Bot. 634;
With. ii. 377;
On
Willington ballast-hills, N.
101. BETA
1. B. maritima (Sea Beet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 17;
Eng. Bot. 285;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 84;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 59;
On the Sea coast near
Hartley Pans and
Newbiggin, N. On the shore near
Ryhope and
Sunderland, D.
102. SALSOLA
1. S. Kali (Prickly Salt-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 18;
Eng. Bot. 634;
Woodv. t. 143;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 85;
Berwick Flora, 66;
On the sandy sea beach, common.
103. ULMUS
1. U. campestris (Common Small-leaved Elm)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 20;
Eng. Bot. 1836;
In plantations, but not a native of the north of England.
2. U. subcrosa (Common Cork-barked Elm)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 21;
Eng. Bot. 2161;
U. campestris
Woodv. t. 197;
In woods and hedges, probably indigenous.
3. U. major (Dutch Cork-barked Elm)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 21;
Eng. Bot. 2542;
In plantations and hedge rows, but not indigenous. Possibly a cultivated variety of U. suberosa.
4. U. montana (Broad-leaved Elm, Wych Hasel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 22;
Eng. Bot. 1887;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 85;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 60;
Berwick Flora, 66;
In woods and hedges, truly indigenous.
5. U. glabra (Smooth-leaved, or Wych Elm)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 23;
Eng. Bot. 2248;
U. montana
Sm. Fl. Brit. 282;
Near the edges of the moors, N. and D. Probably a variety of the preceding species. I doubt whether our plant be Ulmus glabra, of Lindley. — Syn. 226
104. CUSCUTA
1. C. Epithymum (Lesser Dodder)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 25;
Eng. Bot., at p. 378;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 86;
With. ii. 269;
C. europaea
Eng. Bot. t. 55;
Plentiful in 1822, in two clover fields,
half a mile west of Stanton, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
In 1805 and 1814, this proved a destructive weed among the Heaths in
Mr. Falla's green-houses, near Gateshead.
105. GENTIANA
1. G. verna (Spring Gentian)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 29;
Eng. Bot. 493;
With. ii. 381;
In Teesdale Forest, particularly near
Wheysyke House, and between it and
Widdy-bank, upon the slope that borders the Tees, D. First pointed out to me in 1799, by the Rev. J. Harriman. It also grows in
Birkdale, Westmorland, and on
Cronkley-fell, Yorkshire, in the same range of mountains.
2. G. Amarella (Autumnal Gentian)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 30;
Eng. Bot. 236;
Hook. Lond. t. 33;
Fl. Scot. 86;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 60;
With. ii. 382;
Berwick Flora, 66;
On limestone pastures, from Sunderland to
Castle Eden, and on the
Lizard-hills, near
Ryhope, in fields near
Greencroft,
Butsfield, and in Teesdale Forest, D. To the west of
Norton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. In
Crag Close, near Barwesford. — Wallis, 217;. On the Links below
Scremmerston. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. On
Holy Island, near
Bamborough,
Beadnal, Twizell,
Hexham,
Chollerford, and
Hartley, N. β Var. flore albo. In
Crag Close, near Barwesford.— Wallis,218;.
3. G. campestris (Field Gentian)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 31;
Eng. Bot. 237;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 86;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 60;
With. ii. 383;
Berwick Flora, 66;
Near
Hexham, and on the
west side of Shewing Shields, on the
Wallington moors and
Cheviot, also on the
coast at Newbiggin, N. On the banks beyond
Spital, on the links at
Goswick, and
below Budle. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. In
Crag Close, near Barwesford, N.— Wallis, 218;. In barren pastures at
Butsfield, and in Teesdale, D. Near
Teesmouth, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. β Var. flore albo. Near
Winch-bridge, Teesdale, D.
106. ERYNGIUM
1. E. maritimum (Sea Eryngo, Sea Holly)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 35;
Eng. Bot. 718;
Woodv. t. 102;
With. ii. 384;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 61;
On the beach near
South Shields Law, and at
Castle Eden, D. At
Seaton, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
2. E. campestre (Field Eryngo)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 35;
Eng. Bot. 57;
With. ii. 385;
Between the Glass-houses and Dent's-hole, and on
St. Peter's Quay, below Newcastle, N.— Wilson's Syn. 75. Observed by Mr. Lawson, on the shore called
Friar's Goose, below Gateshead, D. — Dill. Ray's Syn. 222. On the
north end of Jarrow ballast-hills, abundant. and on
Sunderland ballast hills, D.
The plant still grows in all these localities, but I make no doubt was originally imported from the continent with ballast.
107. SANICULA
1. S. europaea (Wood Sanicle)
108. DAUCUS
1. D. Carota (Wild Carrot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 39;
Eng. Bot. 1174;
Woodv. t. 161;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 71;
Berwick Flora, 67;
In pastures, and on the borders of fields; near the Sea coast, abundant.
109. CAUCALIS
1. C. daucoides (Small Bur-parsley)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 41;
Eng. Bot. 197;
With. ii. 389;
In fields, on
Fulwell hills near
Sunderland, D., its most northern locality. In corn fields near
Norton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq.
110. TORILIS
1. T. Anthriscus (Upright Hedge-parsley)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 43;
Caucalis Anthriscus
Eng. Bot. 987;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 22;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 87;
In hedges and on the borders of fields, everywhere.
2. T. nodosa (Knotted Hedge-parsley)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 44;
Berwick Flora, 67;
Caucalis nodosa
Eng. Bot. 199;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 88;
At
Holy Island, on the Heugh and Castle Rock, N. On rubble, east of Holy Island Castle. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. In corn fields near
Whitburn,
Castle Eden,
Darlington, and
Hartlepool, D.
Between Billingham and Portrack, D. — J. Hogg, Esq.
111. ANTHRISCUS
1. A. vulgaris (Common Beaked-parsley)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 45;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 93;
Scandix Anthriscus
Eng. Bot. 818;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 19;
On hedge banks and waste ground, common.
112. SCANDIX
1. S. Pecten-Veneris (Needle Chervil, Venus's Comb, Shepherd's Needle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 46;
Eng. Bot. 1397;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 21;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 92;
Berwick Flora, 67;
In corn fields, frequent.
113. CHAEROPHYLLUM
1. C. sativum (Garden Chervil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 48;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 93;
Scandix Cerefolium
Eng. Bot. 1268;
With. ii. 415;
Anthriscus Cerefolium
Hook. Br. Fl. 131;
Naturalized not far from the
Red Heugh, near Gateshead, D. Near
Hexham, N.
2. C. sylvestre (Wild Chervil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 48;
Eng. Bot. t. 752;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 25;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 931;
Anthriscus sylvestris
Hook. Br. Fl. 131;
On the banks of hedges, and in fields and pastures, common.
114. MYRRHIS
1. M. odorata (Sweet Cicely)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 50;
Scandix odorata
Eng. Bot. 697;
Lightfoot, 166;
With. ii. 413;
In
Dalton Dene, in
Cawsey,
Beamish,
Urpeth, and every other wood on the Team; on the banks of Browney, near Coldpig-hill, and ruins of
Finchall Abbey, also in Weardale, frequent. D. In the vicinity of
Darlington and
Eglestone, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. In
Tecket wood, N, In the woods at
Wallington, and at
Netherwitton, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
2. M. temulentum (Rough Cicely, Rough Cow-parsley)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 51;
Chaerophyllum temulentum
Eng. Bot. 1521;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 24;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 93;
In hedges, common.
115. BUNIUM
1. B. flexuosum (Common Earth-nut, Kipper, or Pig-nut)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 54;
Eng. Bot. 988;
Bunium Bulbocastanum
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 24;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 88;
Conopodium flexuosum
Hook. Br. Fl. 126;
In pastures, &c., frequent.
116. SIUM
1. S. latifolium (Broad-leaved Water-parsnep)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 56;
Eng. Bot. 204;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 110;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 90;
With. ii. 403;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 64;
In a pond near the
Friar's Goose, east of Gateshead, D.
2. S. angustifolium (Narrow-leaved Water-parsnep)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 56;
Eng. Bot. 139;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 65;
With. ii. 404;
Berwick Flora, 68;
In the River Team, and a rivulet near Boldon. D. In
Prestwick Carr, and the
Ouse Burn, N. Near
Carding mill, Wooler. — Dr. G.Johnston.
3. S. nodiflorum (Procumbent Water-parsnep)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 57;
Eng. Bot. 639;
Woodv. t. 182;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 90;
Berwick Flora, 69;
In rivulets, springs, and ditches.
4. S. inundatum (Least Water-parsnep)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 58;
Berwick Flora, 69;
Sison inundatum
Eng. Bot. 227;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 91;
In marshy places on
Gateshead Fell, in ditches near
West Boldon,
Cleadon, and
Harton-down-hill, D. At
Cockerton. — Mr. J. Backhouse. Near
Bear's Park, D. — Rev. J. Symons. In a spring near
High Elswick, N. Below Calf-hill, near Berwick. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. Near
Hexham, N. — Mr. J. Thompson.
117. SISON
1. S. Amomum (Hedge Honewort, Bastard Stone-parsley)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 60;
Eng. Bot. 954;
With. ii. 405;
On the
Southwick and
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. On a gravelly bank
by the road on the S. E. side of the bridge at Barwesford, also in the
lane between the Edge-house and Chollerton road, N. — Wallis, 184;.
118. CICUTA
1. C. virosa (Water Cowbane, Water-hemlock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 62;
Eng. Bot. 479;
Woodv. Sup. t.268;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 92;
With, ii. 410;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 66;
On the
banks of North Tyne, at Low Park-end, near Nunwick, N. — Wallis, 178;.
I have looked for it there in vain.
119. AETHUSA
1. A. Cynapium (Fool's-parsley, Lesser Hemlock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 64;
Eng. Bot. 1192;
Curt. Fasc i. t. 18;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 92;
Berwick Flora, 69;
In gardens and fields, frequent.
120. CONIUM
1. C. maculatum (Common Hemlock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 65;
Eng. Bot. 1191;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 17;
Woodv. t. 22;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 88;
In hedges, and on rubbish, frequent.
121. CORIANDRUM
1. C. sativum (Common Coriander)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 67;
Eng. Bot. 67;
Woodv. 181;
With. ii. 412;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. Near Warley hill, D.
A naturalized exotic.
122. OENANTHE
1. O. fistulosa (Common Water-dropwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 68;
Eng. Bot. 303;
With ii. 407;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 62;
In marshy places, on the banks of rivers and streams, but not very common.
2. O. pimpinelloides (Parsley Water-dropwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 69;
Eng. Bot. 347;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 91;
With. ii. 408;
Near
Hartlepool, D. — Mr. Backhouse. By the Tees at
Stockton, D. — G. T. Fox, Esq.
3. O. peucedanifolia (Sulphur-wort Water-dropwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 70;
Eng. Bot. 348;
With ii. 409;
By the road side between Harrington and Barrmoor, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. In marshes on the
banks of Wear, between Hilton and Southwick, D.
4. O. crocata (Hemlock Water-dropwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 70;
Eng. Bot. 2313;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 62;
Woodv. Sup. t. 267;
With. ii. 407;
Berwick Flora 70;
On the banks of rivers, and in rivulets, not rare.
5. O. Phellandrium (Fine-leaved Water-dropwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 71;
Phellandrium aquaticum
Eng. Bot. 684;
Woodv. Sup. t. 266;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 92;
With. ii. 409;
In bogs at
Prestwick Carr, N. In Ponds near
Cocken and
Durham. At
Mordent Carrs, D. — Mr. Backhouse. In swamps near
Bear's Park, D.— Rev. J. Symons.
123. CRITHMUM
1. C. maritimum (Sea Samphire)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 73;
Eng. Bot. 819;
With. ii. 393;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 89;
On the sea rocks near Alemouth, plentiful. — Wallis, 173;. I could not find it there, nor did I ever hear of its being gathered on our coast.
124. SMYRNIUM
1. S. Olusatrum (Alexanders)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 74;
Eng. Bot. 230;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 70;
Berwick Flora, 70;
On the banks near
Tynemouth Castle, plentiful, where it was observed in the time of Wilson. — See Syn. 67.
Behind the town walls, above the Close Gate, Newcastle, and on the ruins of
Dunstanborough Castle, N. In
Hurworth Church Yard, D.
126. APIUM
1. A. graveolens (Smallage, Wild Celery)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 76;
Eng. Bot. 1210;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 95;
With. ii. 423;
In salt marshes on the rivers Blyth, Tyne, Wear, and Tees, N. and D.
126. AEGOPODIUM
1. A. Podagraria (Gout-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 77;
Eng. Bot. 940;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 95;
With. ii. 424;
Berwick Flora, 70;
On the banks of Wear, common. D. On the
banks of Reed, near Otterburn, N. In
Pella wood, near Durham. — Wilson's Syn. 66. Near
Berwick, under hedges, frequent. — Dr. G. Johnston.
127. IMPERATORIA
1. I. Ostruthium (Masterwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 78;
Eng. Bot. 1380;
Woodv. t. 35;
Lightfoot, 168;
With ii. 417;
Peucedanum Ostruthium
Hook. Br. Fl. 119;
At
Newbiggen, near Middleton, and in Teesdale Forest. — Rev. J. Harriman. On the banks of Dadree Burn, between Dadree Shield and the Wear, D.— 26th June, 1803. At
Cotterton, near Barnardcastle, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
128. ANGELICA
1. A. Archangelica (Garden Angelica)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 80;
Eng. Bot. 2561;
Woodv. t. 50;
With. ii. 402;
On the banks of the Skern, near High St. Helen's, and at
Birch Carr, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
2. A. sylvestris (Wild Angelica)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 81;
Eng. Bot. 1128;
Woodv. Sup. t. 265;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 90;
By the banks of rivers, and in damp woods.
129. LIGUSTICUM
1. L. scoticum (Scottish Lovage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 82;
Eng. Bot. 1207;
With. ii. 400;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 64;
Berwick Flora, 70;
Among the rocks on the
north side of the ruins of Dunstanborough Castle, N.— July 18, 1804. Its most southern locality. On
the beach, a quarter of a mile south of Bamborough Castle, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
130. MEUM
1. M. athamanticum (Spignel-meum, or Bald-money)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 84;
Eng. Bot. 2249;
Aethusa Meum
With ii. 412;
Ligusticum Meum
Hook. Fl. Scot. 80;
On
a hill by the village of Thockrington, N. — Wallis, 176;. On a basaltic height, a quarter of a mile north from Thockrington. — Rev. J. Hodgson, Sp. 1819.
2. M. Foeniculum (Common Fennel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 85;
Anethum Foeniculum
Eng. Bot. 1208;
Woodv. 160;
With. ii. 419;
Foeniculum vulgare
Hook. Br. Fl. 122;
Naturalized on the
ballast-hills at St. Anthon's and
Willington, N. On the
ballast-hills at Ayre's quay, near Sunderland, D.
131. CARUM
1. C. Carvi (Common Caraway)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 86;
Eng. Bot. 1503;
Woodv. t. 45;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 95;
With. ii. 420;
In corn fields, but not very common.
132. PIMPINELLA
1. P. saxifraga (Common Burnet-saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 89;
Eng. Bot. 407;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 95;
With. ii. 421;
Berwick Flora, 71;
In barren pastures, frequent.
2. P. magna (Great Burnet-saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 90;
Eng. Bot. 408;
With. ii. 422;
In
Chester-lane, at High Barns, near Sunderland, D. Near
Hartlepool, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. Under the hedges at
Fairflow and Long Rigge, near Nunwick, also on a bank on the
north-east side of the bridge at Barwesford, near Chipchase, N. — Wallis, 182;.
133. CNIDIUM
1. C. Silaus (Meadow Pepper-saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 91;
Berwick Flora, 71;
Peucedanum Silaus
Eng. Bot. 2142;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 88;
Silaus pratensis
Hook. Br. Fl. 121;
In moist meadows and pastures, by no means rare; though, from Hooker's Flora Scotica, it appears scarce in Scotland; in Berwickshire, however, Dr. Johnston mentions it as common.
2. BUPLEURUM
1. B. rotundifolium (Common Hare's-ear, Thorow-wax)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 93;
Eng. Bot. 99;
With. ii. 386;
In corn fields to the north and west of
Norton, and about
Carleton and Redmarshall, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. Its most northern localities.
2. B. tenuissimum (Slender Hare's-ear)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 94;
Eng. Bot. 478;
With. ii. 387;
By the Tees near
Stockton. — Mr. E. Robson. On
Seaton Moor, D.— Mr. J. Backhouse.
135. HYDROCOTYLE
1. H. vulgaris (Common White-rot, Marsh Pennywort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 96;
Eng. Bot. 751;
Curt. Fasc. vi. t. 19;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 87;
Berwick Flora 71;
In marshy places and on moist heaths, frequent.
136. PASTINACA
1. P. sativa (Wild Parsnep)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 101;
Eng. Bot, 550;
With. ii. 418;
In the Magnesian Limestone district, abundant. especially near the coast; its most northern locality.
1. HERACLEUM
1. H. Sphondylium (Common Cow-parsnep)
PENTANDRIA TRIGYNIA
138. VIBURNUM
1. V. Opulus (Common Guelder Rose, Water Elder)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 107;
Eng. Bot. 332;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 96;
Berwick Flora, 72;
In moist woods and hedges, frequent.
139. SAMBUCUS
1. S. Ebulus (Dwarf Elder, Dane-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 108;
Eng. Bot. 475;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 18;
Woodv. Sup. t. 260;
With. ii. 426;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 72;
In hedges near
Deckham Hall, Gateshead,
between Blaydon and Stella, D. — Mr. R.B. Bowman. In the
old church-yard at Benwell, N. At
Bamborough and
Ingram, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On the
west side of the church yard wall at Chatton, by the river Till, and at
Purley Green, near Shitlington Hall, in Tynedale.— Wallis, 141;. At the
Crooks, near Mump's Hall, N. — Mr. J. Thompson.
2. S. nigra (Common Elder)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 109;
Eng. Bot. 476;
Berwick Flora, 72;
Woodv. t. 78;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 96;
S. laciniatus
Ray's Syn. 461;
α In woods and hedges, γ In hedges near
Earsdon, N.— Mr. R. Waugh.
PENTANDRIA TETRAGYNIA
140. PARNASSIA
1. P. palustris (Grass of Parnassus)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 114;
Eng. Bot. 82;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 73;
With. ii. 429;
Berwick Flora, 73;
In boggy places near
Greencroft,
Castle Eden, on the coast near
Sunderland, and in Teesdale Forest, D. About
Norton and
Stockton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. On bogs in
Heaton wood, in marshy places on the highest parts of Northumberland, and on the
links at Bamborough and
Holy Island. On the links
between Druridge and Cresswell, and at the
east end of Bromley lake, N Wallis, 225;.
PENTANDRIA PENTAGYNIA
141. STATICE
1. S. Armeria (Thrift., Sea Gilliflower)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 115;
Eng. Bot. 226;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 97;
Berwick Flora, 73;
Armeria maritima
Lindley's Br. Syn. 170;
In salt marshes, and on the rocks by the coast, also on the Sub-alpine hills, in Teesdale Forest, D.
It may be noticed, that the Grass of Parnassus ranges the whole way from the sea beach to our highest grounds; the Thrift occurs only at the extremities of the line.
2. S. Limonium (Sea Lavender)
Sm. Eng Fl. ii. 116;
Eng. Bot. 102;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 97;
With. ii. 431;
Berwick Flora, 74;
On the
north shore of Wear at Hilton, near Sunderland, also near
Tees mouth, and at
Hartlepool, D. On
St. Cuthbert's Island, a rock at Holy Island, N.
142. LINUM
1. L. usitatissimum (Common Flax)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 118;
Eng. Bot. 1357;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 22;
Woodv. t. 111;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 74;
With. ii. 432;
In corn fields, and on the ballast-hills, N. and D.
2. L. perenne (Perennial Blue Flax)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 118;
Eng. Bot. 40;
With. ii. 433;
In fields, on the sea coast near
Marsden cottage, and among furze on a bank behind the house, also at
Baydales, near Darlington, D; in which habitat it was noticed by S. Robson. — See Syn. p. 128.
The vicinity of Marsden appears to be its northern boundary, for the Perennial Flax is not mentioned in Hooker's Flora Scotica.
3. L. catharticum (Purging Flax, Mill-mountain)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 119;
Eng. Bot. 382;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 19;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 97;
Berwick Flora, 74;
In dry barren pastures, frequent.
PENTANDRIA HEXAGYNIA
143. DROSERA
1. D. rotundifolia (Round-leaved Sun-dew)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 122;
Eng. Bot. 807;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 98;
Berwick Flora, 74;
On bogs, common. N. and D. On the
Rabbit banks above Gateshead, D.
2. D. longifolia (Long-leaved Sun-dew)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 123;
Eng. Bot. 868;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 98;
With. ii. 436;
In a bog on the north side of
Slaterfield, near Simonburn, N. — Wallis p. 221;.
Probably Drosera anglica I never met with Drosera longifolia
in the north.
3. D. anglica (Great Sun-dew)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 123;
Eng. Bot. 809;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 98;
With. ii. 437;
In bogs on the
Muckle Moss, and at
Prestwick Carr, N.
PENTANDRIA POLYGYNIA
144. MYOSURUS
1. M. minimus (Mouse-tail)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 125;
Eng. Bot. 435;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 26;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 98;
With. ii. 439;
In fields Near
Darlington, D. On
St. Anthon's ballast hills, N. On the
Cowhill, Newcastle Town Moor, N Mr. R.B. Bowman.
HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA
145. GALANTHUS
1. G. nivalis (Snowdrop)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii, 129;
Eng. Bot. 19;
Hook. Lond. t. 14;
With. ii. 442;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 75;
In
Scotswood dene, and on the
Lamshield bank near Hexham. Naturalized on banks in the upper part of
Heaton Dene, N. Near
Conniscliffe and
Blackwell, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
Leucojum aestivum (the Summer Snowflake) formerly grew in tolerable abundance in a mill-pond near
Goldspink Hall in Heaton Dene. The pool is now filled up, and the plant exterminated, which in all likelihood had been thrown out of some garden, and brought down by the bourn.
146. NARCISSUS
1. N. biflorus (Pale Narcissus, Primrose-peerless)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 132;
Eng. Bot. 276;
With. ii. 444;
N. poeticus
Hudson, 141;
Near
Dinsdale, D., probably the outcast of a garden. — Mr. E. Robson.
2. N. Pseudo-narcissus (Common Daffodil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 132;
Eng. Bot. 17;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 75;
With. ii. 444;
In
Witton-le-Wear,
Cocken,and
Ravensworth woods, in meadows near
Butsfield, and in
Barley Haugh near Ebchester, D. Near
Pierce bridge.— Mr. Backhouse. On the
south side of the Wear at Butterby near DurhamJohn Hogg, Esq. On the
banks of the Derwent, near Allan's-ford, N.
147. ALLIUM
1. A. arenarium (Sand Garlick)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 134;
Eng. Bot. 1358 (bad);
Hook. Fl. Scot. 100;
With. ii. 445;
Berwick Flora, 76;
In the
upper part of Castle Eden Dene, above the Gunner's pool, D. On the
banks of Tyne at Low Elswick, near the Fishery, N.
2. A. oleraceum (Streaked Field Garlick)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 136;
Eng. Bot. 488;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 75;
With. ii. 447;
Berwick Flora, 77;
In meadows on the
banks of Tyne near Wylam, on the
Heugh at Holy Island, and rocks at
Harnham, N. On the
banks of the Hart between Hartburn Grange and the Moor, N Miss Emma Trevelyan. On rocks at
Spindlestone, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
In meadows at
Silksworth, near Sunderland, and on the walls at
Durham Peth. At
Baydales near Darlington. — Mr. Backhouse. Near
Middleton in Teesdale, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
3. A. vineale (Crow Garlick)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 137;
Eng. Bot. 1974;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 75;
With. ii. 446;
Berwick Flora 77;
On
Chapel Hill, and the heights between it and Belford, also on
Windmill, Bastion, and other parts of the ramparts of Berwick. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. Near
Hexham. - Mr. F. Scott. On
Gunnerton Crags, N. — Mr. W. Robertson. At
Durham Peth. — Rev. J. T. Fenwick. At
Baydales near Darlington.— Mr. Backhouse.
4. A. ursinum (Broad-leaved Garlick, Ramsons)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 137;
Eng. Bot. 122;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 101;
Berwick Flora, 77;
In shady moist woods, frequent.
5. A. Schaenoprasum (Chive Garlick)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 138;
Eng. Bot. 2441;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 101;
With. ii. 448;
Berwick Flora, 77;
On
Walltown Crags. — Mr. J. Thompson, Sps. On
Copping Crags by the Wansbeck near Kirkwhelpington, N. — Rev. J. Hodgson, Sp.
These localities are both on Basaltic rocks, and where the plant could never have been cultivated.
148. TULIPA
1. T. sylvestris (Wild Tulip)
Sm. Eng.Fl. ii. 141;
Eng. Bot. 63;
Hook. Lond. t. 19;
Fl. Scot. 101;
With. ii. 449;
Naturalized near
Blackwell, D. — Mr. James Backhouse.
149. ORNITHOGALUM
1. O. luteum (Yellow Star of Bethlehem)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 142;
Eng. Bot. 21;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 76;
With. ii. 450;
Gagea lutea
Lindley Br. Syn. 268;
On the
banks of Tees near Eglestone and
Wycliffe, and in fields near
Bishop Auckland, D. In Barbara Riggs, near
Barnardcastle, and near
Whorlton. — Rev. J. Harriman. Near
Pierce bridge, D. — Mr. Backhouse. At
Butterby near Durham. — John Hogg, Esq. Near
Greta Bridge and
Brignal. — Johnson in Ray's Syn. 166. Near
Hexham. — Mr. F. Scott. In the
wood bottom at the west end of the Rectory dene at Simonburn. — Wallis 226;. On the
banks of the Hart below Rothley mill. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In the
dene near Twizell House, N. — P. J. Selby, Esq.
2. O. nutans (Drooping Star of Bethlehem)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 144;
Eng. Bot. 1997;
Hook. Lond. t. 44;
With. ii. 452;
Naturalized near
Blackwell, D.— Mr. J. Backhouse.
150. SCILLA
1. S. verna (Vernal Squil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 145;
Eng. Bot. 23;
With. ii. 453;
Berwick Flora, 77;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 102;
S. bifolia
Lightfoot, 181;
Naturalized in woods at
Burn Hall, near Durham. — Miss Dale, Sp.
This elegant plant having been found on the sea banks above Gunn's-green in Berwickshire, by the Rev. A. Bairt, hopes may be entertained of its being detected in Northumberland. Our Basaltic rocks in the vicinity of the coast are likely localities for it.
2. S. nutans (Hare-bell Squill, Wild Hyacinth)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 147;
Eng. Bot. 377;
Berwick Flora, 78;
Hyacinthus non-scriptus
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 18;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 102;
In denes, woods, and under hedges.
151. NARTHECIUM
1. N. ossifragum (Lancashire Bog-asphodel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 151;
Eng. Bot. 535;
Hook. Lond. t. 139;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 77;
With. ii. 455;
Berwick Flora, 78;
In bogs on moors and heaths, not rare.
152. CONVALLARIA
1. C. majalis (Lily of the Valley)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 154;
Eng. Bot. 1035;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 24;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 77;
With. ii. 456;
In
Gibside Woods,
Castle Eden Dene, and near
Winchbridge, Teesdale, D. In
Scotswood and
Denton Denes, and at
Warden mill near Hexham, N.— Among the bushes above the
scar at Netherwarden,
N.— Wallis, 152;.
2. C. Polygonatum (Angular Solomon's Seal)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 155;
Eng. Bot. 280;
Woodv. t. 44;
Hook. Lond. t. 38;
With. ii. 457;
Berwick Flora, 78;
On
Kyloe rocks a few miles south of Berwick, N. — Mr. A. Bruce, in Sm. Eng. Fl.
3. C. multiflora (Common Solomon's Seal)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 156;
Eng. Bot. 279;
Hook. Lond. t. 37;
Fl. Scot. 105;
With. ii. 458;
In the lane between Stockton and Stainton, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
153. JUNCUS
1. J. maritimus (Lesser Sharp Sea Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 159;
Eng. Bot. 1725;
With. 463;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 299;
Near
Seaton, D. — Mr. Backhouse. Its most northern locality.
2. J. glaucus (Hard Rush)
Sm, Eng. Fl. ii. 160;
Eng. Bot. 665;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 105;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 300;
In wet pastures and on commons.
3. J. conglomeratus (Common Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 161;
Eng. Bot. 835;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 105;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 302;
By road sides and in pastures.
4. J. effusus (Soft Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 162;
Eng. Bot. 836;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 105;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 303;
In wet pastures and by road sides.
5. J. squarrosus (Moss Rush, Goose Corn)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 164;
Eng. Bot. 933;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 105;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 306;
On moors and wet turfy heaths.
6. J. compressus (Round-fruited Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 165;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 307;
J. bulbosus
Eng. Bot. 934;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 107;
J. caenosus
(Mud Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 166;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 309;
Eng. Bot. 2680;
Berwick Flora, 79;
J. bulbosus
Hook. Fl. Scot. 107;
J. compressus
β, Br. Fl. 163;
J. bottnicus
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 82 t. 5, according to specimens from SWARTZ;
α in Teesdale forest D. β on the muddy
shores of Tyne below Gateshead park, and of Wear near
Southwick, D. Near
Elswick, N. On the banks of Tweed, and on
Goswick links, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
7. J. bufonius (Toad Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 168;
Eng. Bot. 802;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 108;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 311;
Berwick Flora, 79;
In marshy ground on moors, &c.
8. J. uliginosus (Little Bulbous Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 169;
Eng. Bot. 801;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 108;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 315;
Berwick Flora, 80;
β, Fl. Brit 300;
On wet moors, frequent. In var. β the flowers are viviparous.
9. J. triglumis (Three-flowered Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 173;
Eng. Bot. 899;
Lightfoot, 186, t. 9, f. 2;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 319;
With. ii. 466;
Half a mile north of the Cauldron Snout, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On
Meldon Fell, Teesdale.— Rev. Jno. Harriman.
10. J. castaneus (Clustered Alpine Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 173;
Eng. Bot. 900;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 106;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 321;
With, ii. 467;
In the county of Durham.— Rev. J. Harriman, Smith's English Flora.
There is a specimen of this very rare plant in the late Sir J. E. Smith's Herbarium, marked as coming from the county of Durham.
11. J. acutiflorus (Sharp-pointed Jointed Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 174;
Eng. Bot. 2143, at the bottom;
Berwick Flora, 80;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 109;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 323;
J. articulatus
Eng. Bot. 238;
β, Fl. Brit. 379;
In wet meadows and on moors, frequent.
12. J. lampocarpus (Shining-fruited Jointed Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 175;
Eng. Bot. 2143;
Berwick Flora, 80;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 109;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 325;
J. articulatus
α, Fl. Brit. 379;
In wet meadows and boggy places.
13. J. obtusiflorus (Blunt-flowered Jointed Rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 176;
Eng. Bot. 2144;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 109;
With. ii. 464;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 327;
J. articulatus
β, Fl. Brit. 379;
At
Prestwick Carr, N. At
Polam, D.— Mr. James Backhouse.
154. LUCIOLA
1. L. pilosa (Broad-leaved Hairy Wood-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 178;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 110;
Berwick Flora, 80;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 329, t. 9, f. 1;
Juncus pilosus
Eng. Bot. 736;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 25;
In denes and woods, frequent.
2. L. sylvatica (Great Wood-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 180;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 331, t. 9, f. 3;
Berwick Flora, 80;
Luzula maxima
Hook. Fl. Scot. 110;
Juncus sylvaticus
Eng. Bot. 737;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 26;
In woods and denes, common.
3. L. campestris (Field Wood-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 181;
Br. Prodr. 591;
Bicheno Linn. Tr. xii. 334, t. 9, f. 4;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 110;
Berwick Flora, 81;
Juncus campestris
Eng. Bot. 672;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 19;
On moors and in barren pastures.
Another of the British plants found in Australia.
4. L. sudetica (Tall Bog Wood-rush)
Berwick Flora, 81 f. 2;
L. congesta
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 131;
Forster's Tonb. 44;
Luzula sudetica
Spr. Syst. Veg. ii. 111;
L. campestris
γ Gr. Fl. Eds. 81;
Juncus campestris
β Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 87;
Bicheno, Linn. Tr. xii. 334;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 110;
Fl. Brit. 386;
With. ii. 46;
J. sudeticus
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 221;
J. liniger
Purton's Sup. 352, t. 9;
On the heathy part of
Prestwick Carr, and on the
Muckle Moss, N. In
Beamish Park, and near Tanfleld, D.
155. BERBERIS
1. B. vulgaris (Barberry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 184;
Eng. Bot. 49;
Woodv. Supp. t. 234;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 82;
With. ii. 470;
Berwick Flora, 81;
In
Heaton Woods, N. In hedges near
Witton-le-Wear,
Darlington,
Picktree, and
Chester-le-Street, D. At
Bear's Park, D. — Rev. J. Symons.
Between Richardson's Stead and Scremmerston, N. Dr. G. Johnston.
156. FRANKENIA
1. F. laevis (Smooth Sea Heath)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 186;
Eng. Bot. 205;
With. ii. 472;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
157. PEPLIS
1. P. Portula (Water Purslane)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 187;
Eng. Bot. 1211;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 27;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 111;
In marshy places and on wet heaths.
HEXANDRIA TRIGYNIA
158. RUMEX
1. R. sanguineus (Bloody-veined Dock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 190;
Eng. Bot. 1533;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 83;
With. ii. 473;
Berwick Flora, 82;
By hedge sides near
Houghton-le-Spring, on banks at
Friar's Goose, near
Gateshead, and in pastures near
Murton House, D.
2. R. crispus (Curled Dock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 191;
Eng. Bot. 1998;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 20;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 112;
Berwick Flora, 82;
In pastures and by road sides.
3. R. acutus (Sharp Dock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 192;
Eng. Bot. 724;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 21;
With. ii. 474;
Berwick Flora, 82;
In moist meadows and near rivers.
4. R. obtusifolius (Broad blunt-leaved Dock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 192;
Eng. Bot. 1999;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 22;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 113;
Berwick Flora, 83;
By road sides and on waste ground.
5. R. pulcher (Fiddle Dock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 193;
Eng. Bot. 1570;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 113;
With. ii. 476;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D W. Weighell's Herb. On
Willington and
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N.
6. R. maritimus (Golden Dock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 193;
Eng. Bot. 725;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 83;
With. ii. 477;
On
Willington and
St. Anthon ballast-hills's, N. On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. — Rev. J. Symons.
7. R. palustris (Yellow Marsh Dock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 194;
Eng. Bot. 1932;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 113;
With. ii. 476;
On
Sunderland and
Hebburn ballast-hills, D. On
St. Anthon's and
Willington ballast-hills, N.
8. R. Hydrolapathum (Great Water Dock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 195;
Woodv, t. 178;
R. aquaticus
Eng. Bot. 2104;
Lightfoot, 190;
With. ii. 475;
R. Britannica
Hudson, 1st ed. 135;
Near
Preston on the Skerne, and
Polam. — Mr. E. Robson. In rivulets, near
Stockton and
Norton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq.
9. R. Acetosa (Common Sorrel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 196;
Eng. Bot. 127;
Woodv. t. 69;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 113;
Berwick Flora, 83;
In meadows and pastures, frequent.
10. R. Acetosella (Sheep's Sorrel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 197;
Eng. Bot. 1674;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 29;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 113;
Berwick Flora, 83;
In barren pastures and on heaths, common.
159. TOFIELDIA
1. T. palustris (Scottish Asphodel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 198;
Eng. Bot. 536;
Hook. Lond. 100;
Fl. Scot. 114;
With. ii. 480;
Berwick Flora, 83;
Anthericum calyculatum
Lightfoot, t. 8, f. 2;
Near
Widdy bank on Teesdale Forest, D. Near the
Black Ark on Cronkley Fell.
Juxta rivulum non procul Bervico in Scotia. Dill. Ray's Syn. 375.
160. TRIGLOCHIN
1. T. palustre (Marsh Arrow-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 200;
Eng. Bot. 366;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 114;
Lond. t. 98;
Berwick Flora, 83;
In bogs and marshy places, but not very common.
2. T. maritimum (Sea Arrow-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 201;
Eng. Bot. 255;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 114;
Lond. t. 99;
Berwick Flora, 83;
In salt marshes on the Tweed, Blyth, Tyne, Wear, and Tees; also on the sea coast, N. and D.
161. COLCHICUM
1. C. autumnale (Meadow Saffron)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 202;
Eng. Bot. 133;
Woodv. t. 177;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 114;
With. ii. 481;
On the banks of Tees, opposite Eglestone ,N. — Rev. J. Harriman. At Sand-hills, near
Darlington, D.— W. Weighell's Herb. On the banks of Wear at
Butterby, near Durham. — Mr. John Fox.
HEXANDRIA POLYGYNIA
162. ALISMA
1. A. Plantago (Greater Water-plantain)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 203;
Eng. Bot. 837;
Curt. Fasc. v. t.27;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 114;
Berwick Flora, 84;
On the margins of rivers, and in pools and ditches, frequent.
2. A. ranunculoides (Small Water-plantain)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 205;
Eng. Bot. 326;
With. ii. 485;
Berwick Flora, 84;
In boggy places near East Morton, and ponds near Horton, also at
Fawdon Slate, D. In clay pits near
Barnardcastle, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. At Hill Close Carr. — S. Robson's Fl. 198. In
Whitburn-moor lane, D — Rev. J. Symons. In bogs at
Prestwick Carr, and by the Lough on
Holy Island, N. In the pond near
Spindlestone, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
HEPTANDRIA MONOGYNIA
163. TRIENTALIS
1. T. europaea (Chickweed Winter-green)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 238;
Eng. Bot. 15;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 115;
With. ii. 436;
On moors
a mile and a half east of Rothbury, N.
Beyond the Roman Wall, five miles north of Hexham, and on
moors west of Harbottle, N. — T. Willisel, Ray's Syn. 162. In a fir plantation at
Catcherside, four miles west of Wallington, on moors about
Green Leighton, and by
Rothley Lake, N. — Miss Emma Trevelyan. In the plantation surrounding Brislie Tower, N. — Mr. F. Manisty. Near Bassington, three miles west of Alnwick, N. — Miss Pringle, Sp. Near
Butsfield and Spring houses, D. In
Waskerley Park, near
Wolsingham, D. Mr. J. Thornhill. On the
wooded hill above Hepburn, at
Chillingham, and on
Hedgehope, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA
164. OENOTHERA
1. OE. biennis (Common Evening-primrose)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 211;
Eng. Bot. 1534;
With. ii. 492;
Hook. Br. Fl. 178;
On
South Shields ballast-hills, D. Originally from North America, and not yet naturalized beyond the Tyne.
165. EPILOBIUM
1. E. angustifolium (Rosebay Willow-herb, French Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 212;
Eng. Bot. 1947;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 116;
With. ii. 489;
Berwick Flora, 86;
On the
banks of Derwent, near Blanchland, upon rocks on the west side of
Shewing Shields, near
Crag Lake, where it was observed by Wallis, and by a
rocky rivulet above Langley Ford, at the foot of Cheviot, N. On the
banks of South Tyne, by Slaggy Ford, in
Knaresdale. — Wallis 154;. On the rocks above Folden lead mill, near
Edmondbyers; also near
Barnardcastle,
Eglestone, and the
High Force of Tees, D. In
Irehope dene, Weardale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
A sub-alpine plant, and merely naturalized in its localities in the southern counties of England.
2. E. hirsutum (Great Hairy Willow-herb, Codlings and Cream)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 213;
Eng. Bot. 838;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 21;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 117;
Berwick Flora, 86;
By ditches, rivulets, and on the banks of rivers, frequent.
3. E. parviflorum (Small-flowered hoary Willow-herb)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 214;
Eng. Bot. 795;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 117;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 86;
Berwick Flora, 86;
E. villosum
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 22;
E. hirsutum
Hudson, 161;
In watery places, and on the banks of rivers.
4. E. montanum (Broad smooth-leaved Willow-herb)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 214;
Eng. Bot. 1177;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 117;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 24;
Berwick Flora, 87;
In dry, stony, and rocky places, and on old walls, frequent.
5. E. tetragonum (Square-stalked Willow-herb)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 215;
Eng. Bot. 1948;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 23;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 117;
Berwick Flora, 87;
In watery places, not uncommon.
6. E. palustre (Round-stalked Marsh Willow-herb)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 216;
Eng. Bot. 346;
Berwick Flora, 87;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 117;
β lapponicum
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 95;
Linn. Lapp. N. 149;
α By ditches and on boggy ground; β by rivulets near
Wolsingham, D. On
Cheviot, N.
7. E. alsinifolium (Chick-weed-leaved Willow-herb)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 216;
Eng. Bot. 2000;
With. ii. 492;
Berwick Flora, 87;
Villars Dauph. iii. 511;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 117;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, i. 36 and ii. preiace 4;
E. origanifolium
Lam. and De Cand. iv. 424;
Turner and Dillwyn's Guide, see note v. ii. p. 471;
In a rivulet near the
summit of Cheviot, N. — July 22, 1804. On
Cronkley Fell, Teesdale.
8. E. alpinum (Alpine Willow-herb)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 217;
Eng. Bot. 2001;
Lightfoot, 199 t. 10, f. 1;
With. ii. 491;
Near the
Cauldron Snout in Teesdale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. The only English locality Curtis's station at the head of Long-sleddale, Westmorland, is occupied by Epilobium alsinifolium as proved by specimens gathered there by Mr. Joseph Woods.
166. CHLORA
1. C. perfoliate (Perfoliate Yellow-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 218;
Hook. Lond. t. 2;
Eng. Bot. 60;
With. ii. 494;
In dry hilly pastures about a quarter of a mile west of
Honeycleugh Crag, near Chester Wood, and Whinetly, on South Tyne, N. — Wallis, 217;.
No other botanist has been so fortunate as to find this elegant plant in Northumberland or Durham.
167. VACCINIUM
1. V. Myrtillus (Bilberry or Bleaberry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 219;
Eng. Bot. 456;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 118;
Berwick Flora, 87;
On heaths and in woods, not rare.
Heaton Dene, near Newcastle, N.
2. V. uliginosum (Great Bilberry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 220;
Eng. Bot. 581;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 118;
With. ii. 496;
Near
Wardrew, and on the
north side of Wall-town Crags, N. Near
an ancient camp on the south banks of Tyne, opposite Lambley, N— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In bogs at
Moor-rigs, near Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. — Mr. James Backhouse. On
Meldon Fell, Teesdale. — Rev. J. Harriman. In the
Duke of Portland's wood, called East Common Wood, near Hexham, N Wallis, 147;. I could never find it there.
3. V. Vitis-Idaea (Red Whortle-berry, Cow-berry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 220;
Eng. Bot. 598;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 87;
With. ii. 490;
Berwick Flora, 88;
On tufty heaths at
Butsfield,
Stanhope in Weardale, and in Teesdale Forest; in woods at
Witton-le-Wear, and Howns near Medomsley; and on the heath at the
source of a Roman aqueduct west of Woodland, near Butsfield, D. On
Cheviot and
Hedgehope; also in Allendale; in the wood at
Roadley, and on the
moors near Wallington; in
East Common Wood, and on the banks at
West Dipton, near Hexham, N. On rocks at
Long Crag, near Watling-street, by the road to Thockrington from Gunnerton; also on the moor edge near
Diligate Hall, N — Wallis, 147;. On the
hill at Hepburn near Chillingham, N. Dr. G. Johnston.
An indifferent substitute for the Cranberry.
4. V. Oxycoccus (Cranberry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 221;
Eng. Bot. 319;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 87;
With. ii. 497;
Berwick Flora, 88;
On the
Beamish,
Urpeth, Weardale, and Teesdale moors, D. On
Framwellgate Carr, near Durham. — J. Hogg, Esq. On mosses
north of Gunnerton Crags. — Mr. F. Scott. On
moors between Belford and Wooler, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. On the
Wallington moors, the
Muckle Moss,
Blanchland moors, and the heath at
Prestwick Carr, N.
168. CALLUNA
1. C. vulgaris (Common Ling)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 225;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 119;
Berwick Flora, 88;
Erica vulgaris
Eng. Bot. 1013;
Curt. Fasc. v. t. 30;
β flore albo.
α On dry moors if the soil be not calcareous, and occasionally in denes and woods; β on the Teesdale and
Wallington moors, D. and N.
169. ERICA
1. E. Tetralix (Cross-leaved Heath, Heather)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 226;
Eng. Bot. 1014;
Berwick Flora, 89;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 21;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 119;
β flore albo.
α on boggy heaths; β on the Wallington moors, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
2. E. cinerea (Fine-leaved Heath, Heather)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 226;
Eng. Bot. 1015;
Berwick Flora, 89;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 25;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 119;
β flore albo.
α On wet turfy moors; β at
Cow-close near Cockfield, D.— Mr. J. Backhouse.
170. DAPHNE
1. D. Mezereum (Common Mezereon, Spurge-olive)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 228;
Eng. Bot. 1381;
Woodv. t. 23;
With. ii. 503;
Naturalized in a wood among the
Tunstal hills, south of Sunderland, D. — Mr. T. Robson.
2. D. Laureola (Spurge-laurel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 229;
Eng. Bot. 119;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 119;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 88;
With. ii. 504;
Berwick Flora, 90;
In woods and hedges near
Hilton Castle, and in
Dalton and
Castle Eden Denes, D. Near
Norton and
Wynyard. — J. Hogg, Esq. In
Whorlton wood, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. Between Bilton Bank and the Long Dyke, near Alnwick N — Mr. J. Davison.
Usually confined to limestone soils.
171. ACER
1. A. Pseudo-platanus (Greater Maple, Sycamore)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 230;
Eng. Bot. 303;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 120;
In woods and hedges, also on the edges of many of our high moors, where it certainly is indigenous.
2. A. campestre (Common Maple)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 231;
Eng. Bot. 304;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 120;
With. ii. 494;
In hedges near
Sunderland,
Norton, and
Darlington, and in plantations at
Beamish, D. Rare in the north of England, probably not indigenous beyond the Tyne.
OCTANDRIA TRIGYNIA
172. POLYGONUM
1. P. amphibium (Amphibious Persicaria)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 232;
Eng. Bot. 435;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 28;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 121;
Berwick Flora, 90;
In ditches, ponds, and by rivulets.
2. P. Persicaria (Spotted Persicaria)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 233;
Eng. Bot. 750;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 23;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 121;
Berwick Flora, 90;
In ditches and watery places.
3. P. lapathifolium (Pale-flowered Persicaria)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 234;
Eng. Bot. 1382;
Berwick Flora, 90;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 121;
P. pennsylvanicum
Curt. Fasc. i. 24, 25;
P. pallidum
With, ii. 508;
On cultivated ground and about dung hills.
4. P. Hydropiper (Biting Persicaria)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 235;
Eng. Bot. 989;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 26;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 121;
Berwick Flora, 91;
By ditches and watery places.
5. P. minus (Small Creeping Persicaria)
Sm Eng. Fl. ii. 235;
Eng. Bot. 1043;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 28;
With. ii. 507;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 121;
At
Mordent Carr near Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
6. P. Bistorta (Great Bistort, or Snakeweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 236;
Eng. Bot. 509;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 22;
Woodv. 34;
With. ii. 509;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 120;
In moist, meadows and woods on Tyne, Wear, Tees, Team, and Derwent, N. and D. Near
Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In the
King's Meadows, near Newcastle. — Wilson's Syn. 21. Where it still grows. In the
wood called the Stocking, near Alnwick, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
7. P. viviparum (Viviparous, or Alpine Bistort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 237;
Eng. Bot. 669;
Hook. Lond. t. 81;
Fl. Scot. 120;
With. ii. 510;
In alpine pastures near
Eglestone and
Middleton, also in Teesdale Forest, on the
banks of Wear, at Burtree-ford, Weardale, D.
8. P. aviculare (Knot-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 238;
Berwick Flora. 91;
Eng. Bot. 1252;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 122;
Curt. Lond. i. t. 27;
Sm;
P. marinum
Ray's Syn. 147;
α By paths and on cultivated ground; close by
Cullercoats near Tynemouth, N. — Wilson's Syn. 21.
9. P. Fagopyrum (Buck-wheat)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 239;
Eng. Bot. 1044;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 122;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D.
10. P. Convolvulus (Climbing Buck-wheat, Black Bindweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 239;
Eng. Bot. 941;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 29;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 122;
Berwick Flora, 91;
In corn fields, gardens, &c.
OCTANDRIA TETRAGYNIA
173. PARIS
1. P. quadrifolia (Herb Paris)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 241;
Eng. Bot. 7;
With. ii. 513;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 91;
In
Hawthorn and
Castle Eden Denes, and
Raby Park; also in
Urpeth,
Beamish, and
Ravensworth woods, D. In
Scotswood and
Heaton Denes, and in
woods on the Coquet, at Felton and
Meldon; also near
Hexham. N.
Wallington woods, N. — Miss Emma Trevelyan. In
Cottingwood near Morpeth, where Dr. Turner observed it; and at the
west end of the Rectory wood, Simonburn. — Wallis, 150;. In
Twizell dene. — P.J. Selby, Esq. In
Rugeley wood. — Mr. F. Manisty.
At Break-back, on the way to Huln Abbey near Alnwick, N. — Dr. Cope.
174. ADOXA
1. A. Moschatellina (Tuberous Moschatell)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 242;
Eng. Bot. 453;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 26;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 123;
With. ii. 514;
In woods, denes, and under hedges.
ENNEANDRIA HEXAGYNIA
175. BUTOMUS
1. B. umbellatus (Flowering-rush)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 245;
Eng. Bot. 651;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 29;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 123;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 92;
With. ii. 522;
In the river
Skerne near Darlington, D. In rivulets near
Norton. — J. Hogg, Esq. In the Browney, D. — Rev. J. Symons. Naturalized in the ponds at
Wallington. In a small pond near
Howick, N — Mr. J. Embleton's MSS. Most likely planted there. I consider the south of the county of Durham as the northern limit of Butomus umbellatus
for thirty years since the late Mr. M'Kay assured me that this elegant aquatic had been planted in Duddingston Lough; and Loch Clunie, bordering on the highlands, is a still more unlikely original habitat for it. — see Hook. Fl. Scot, and Lightfoot, 1139.
DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA
176. MONOTROPA
1. M. Hypopitys (Yellow Bird's-nest)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 249;
Eng. Bot. 69;
Hook. Lond. t. 105;
Fl. Scot. 125;
With. ii. 525;
Not unfrequent in the woods near
Wark, in Tynedale, and in
Ramshaw wood, by the road side near the mill; also on the east side of the ostium of Wark burn, N.— Wallis, 234;.
No other botanist has found this rare plant in these counties.
177. ANDROMEDA
1. A. polifolia (Marsh Andromeda, or Wild Rosemary)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 251;
Eng. Bot. 713 (bad);
Hook. Fl. Scot. 125;
With. ii. 526;
Fl. Lapp. 2nd ed. 131, t. l, f. 2 (good);
On the heathy part of
Prestwick Carr, and on the
Muckle Moss north of the Roman Wall and
west of Shewing Shields; also on the
Wallington moors, N. On
Green Leighton Moss, and at
Dardon Lough, N. — Miss Emma Trevelyan.
178. ARBUTUS
1. A. Uva-ursi (Red-berried trailing Arbutus)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 253;
Eng. Bot. 714;
With. ii. 527;
Light. Fl. Scot. 216, t. 11, fed;
Woodv. t. 70;
In the
Scar above the High Force, and in
Cronkley Scar, Teesdale, D. On the heath on the south side of
East Common Wood near Hexham, where it was noticed by Lightfoot; and on
Acton Cleugh, five miles north of Blanchland, N. — On
Little Waney-house Crag, sparingly, N. — Wallis, 148;.
179. PYROLA
1. P. rotundifolia (Round-leaved Winter-green)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 255;
Eng. Bot. 213;
Hook. Lond. t. 20;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 92;
With. ii. 528;
Berwick Flora, 93;
In
Castle Eden Dene, particularly in the north branch, and in
Hawthorn dene, D. At
Birch Carr, D. — Mr. Janson. In
Allerton dene about four miles from Berwick, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. "Round-leaved Winter. green. On the hedge bank by the road
up the hill to Simonburn Castle, and in the bank of wood
opposite the west end of the Rectory dene at Simonburn, on the north-east side of the freestone quarry; also on the borders of
Ramshaw wood, by the way side near
Wark in Tynedale, on the edge of the moor by
Diligate Hall near Hexham, and in the
Duke of Portland's wood (East Common wood) near that town, N."— Wallis, 223;. Bot; Pyrola media and P. minor
grow at the latter habitat; what species occupy the other localities I have not been able to ascertain.
2. P. media (Intermediate Winter-green)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 256;
Eng. Bot. 1945 (very good);
Hook. Fl. Scot. 127;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 19;
Berwick Flora, 94;
In
Scotswood Dene three miles west of Newcastle. — July 16, 1797. Also in
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. Near
Roadley Lake by the side of the road — Miss Emma Trevelyan. In Longridge dene six miles from Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. In
Ancroft dene. — Mr. J. Manners, in Berwick Flora. In Howns' wood near
Medomsley, and
Blackston-bank Wood, four miles north of Wolsingham; also on the edge of the woodland plantations on
Lanchester Fell, D. In Skull Wood, D Mr. Jas. Backhouse.
3. P. minor (Lesser Winter-green)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 257;
Eng. Bot. 158 (very bad);
Gr. Fl. Eds. 92;
With. ii. 529;
P. rosea
Eng. Bot. 2543 (good).
In
Gibside Woods near the Friar-side gate; also near the
Swalwell gate, and on Teesdale Forest, D. In
Cocken woods, D. — W. Weighell's Herb. Near
Prudhoe Castle, N.— Mr. J. Thornhill, jun. In
Arngill,
Cow-close-gill, and
Hyndon-gills, which form the Gaunless; also in Skull Wood near south Hamsterley, D. — Mr. J. Backhouse. At
Wallington House, and at
Roadely; also in
East Common Wood, near Hexham, N. In a
fir plantation at Catcherside four miles west of Wallington, N.— Miss Emma Trevelyan. In
Willymoteswick Dene.— Mr. J. Thompson, Sp. In Callas Wood near Alnwick, N. — Miss Pringle, Sp.
4. P. secunda (Serrated Winter-green)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 257;
Eng. Bot. 517;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 127;
With. ii. 530;
On the borders of
Ramshaw Wood by the road side, N. — Wallis, 224;. In 1804 I sought it there in vain, and never gathered it in England, except in
Ashnessgill above Barrow Force, near Derwentwater, Cumberland.
DECANDRIA DIGYNIA
180. CHRYSOSPLENIUM
1. C. alternifolium (Alternate-leaved Golden-saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 260;
Eng. Bot. 54;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 93;
With. ii. 531;
In
Causey Wood,
Ravensworth woods above Mill Green, in woods near
Eglestone,and by
Pont-burn near Hamsterley, D. — At
Baydales near Darlington, D.— Mr. E. Robson. On the
banks of Wear opposite Cocken, D. — Mr. J. Thornhill. By
St. Mungo's well, at
Hall-barns near Simonside — Wallis, 212;. In Stamp's plantations between Burrell's cottage and Alnwick moor— Mr. F. Manisty; at Barbary's-bank — Miss Pringle; at
Breakback — Miss Forster, delin; and in
Edington Wood near Alnwick, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
2. C. oppositifolium (Opposite-leaved Golden-saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 260;
Eng. Bot. 490;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. 27;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 128;
Berwick Flora, 94;
With. ii. 531;
In watery places, especially in woods.
181. SAXIFRAGA
1. S. stellaris (Hairy Saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 264;
Eng. Bot. 167;
Hook. Lond. t. 69;
Fl. Scot. 128;
Don. in Linn. Tr. xiii. 356;
With. ii. 532;
Berwick Flora, 94;
By Eglesbourn, and rills in
Egleshope, D. In bogs near
Allenheads,
Coal Cleugh,
Kilhope Law, and near
Riddlehamhope above Blanchland; also on
Cheviot, N. On the
moors near Beldon-bourn, N. and D. At the
head of Cauledge-bourn, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
2. S. Hirculus (Yellow Marsh Saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 267;
Eng. Bot. 1009;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 26;
Don. in Linn. Tr. xiii. 372;
With. ii. 535;
On
Cotherstone Fell, in a moss about half a mile south-east of the place where the Balder is joined by the Blackbeck. — Mr. James Backhouse. Said to have been first found by John Binks, a miner.
3. S. aizoides (Yellow Mountain Saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 268;
Eng. Bot. 39;
Don. Trans. Linn. xiii. 375;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 129;
With. ii. 535;
S. autumnalis
Lightfoot, 222;
Hudson, 180;
Near
Widdy Bank on Teesdale Forest, D. It still grows where it was observed by Wallis, on rocks by the
river Irthing, above Wardrew, N.
4. S. granulata (White Saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 269;
Eng. Bot. 500;
Woodv. Sup. t. 232;
Don. Linn. Tr. xiii. 362;
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 30;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 93;
With. ii. 536;
Berwick Flora, 95;
In
Ravensworth woods near Mill Green, near
Witton-le-Wear, and
Finchall Abbey, D. — On
Widehaugh banks near Hexham; also near
Alnwick, in
Scotswood dene, and on the banks near
Wooler-haugh-head, N. Near
Bavington. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On the
Heugh at Holy Island, and on
Chapel hill, near Belford — Thompson's Berwick Plants. On the
banks of the rivulet opposite to Burn-house, near Simonburn, and at
Barwesford by the road to Chipchase, N. — Wallis, 213;. In the wood
above the Union bridge. — Dr. G. Johnston. In
Swarland and Newton woods, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
5. S. tridactylites (Rue-leaved Saxifrage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 271;
Eng. Bot. 501;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 28;
Don. Tr. Linn. 441;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 94;
With. ii. 537;
On walls at
Eglestone, in Teesdale, on
Boldon and
Cleadon hills, and near Dalton field-houses, D. On walls near
Barnardcastle and
Darlington, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. Near
Shewing-shields, and on
Rat cheugh Crag, near Alnwick, N.
6. S. hypnoides (Mossy Saxifrage, or Ladies' Cushion)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 277;
Eng. Bot. 454;
Don. Linn. Tr. xiii. 447;
With. ii. 539;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 94;
On rocks at
Falcon-clint Scar, below
Cauldron Snout, D. At the
head of Cauledge-bourn, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
182. SCLERANTHUS
1. S. annuus (Annual Knawel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 282;
Eng. Bot. 351;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 133;
Berwick Flora, 95;
In dry fields and on walls, frequent.
2. S. perennis (Perennial Knawel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 283;
Eng. Bot. 352;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 133;
With. ii. 540;
On
Durham moor.— Rev. J. Symons. Very different in appearance from the preceding species, though its decumbent mode of growth and clustered flowers, afford but trivial specific distinctions between them; I have never seen specimens gathered in the north of England; in the south it is not rare on sandy commons, such as Ryegate, in Surrey.
183. SAPONARIA
1. S. officinalis (Soapwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 284;
Eng. Bot. 1060;
Curt. Fasc. ii. 29;
Woodv. t. 251;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 95;
With. ii. 541;
On the banks of Tyne near
Friar's Goose, and of
Wear at Newbridge, near Chester-le-Street, and
Low Lambton, D.
By the Wear, half a mile below Finchall Abbey. — Mr. J. Thornhill, jun. Near
Darlington. — Rev. J. Harriman. By the
Tees at Croft Bridge, and at
Middleton-one row, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
184. DIANTHUS
1. D. Armeria (Deptford Pink)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 286;
Eng. Bot. 317;
Hook. Lond. t. 134;
Fl. Scot. 134;
With. ii. 542;
Sm. Tr. Linn. ii. 299;
On
Pallion ballast-hills above Sunderland, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
2. D. deltoides (Maiden Pink)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 288;
Eng. Bot. 61;
Tr. Linn, ii. 300;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 95;
With. ii. 543;
Berwick Flora, 95;
On
Ratcheugh Crag near Alnwick, and on hedge banks between Wooler and Earl, N. In high pastures
above Gunnerton Crags. — Mr. F. Scott. At
Budle,
Spindlestone,
Great Bavington, and Hombleton. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On the furze bank, in the
Rectory glebe at Embleton, on
Chapel-hill at Belford, on the banks of a rivulet at
Swinburne Castle, and at
Wooler-haugh-head.— Wallis, 215;. On
crags at Craig mill. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
DECANDRIA TRIGYNIA
185. SILENE
1. S. anglica (English Catchfly)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 291;
Eng. Bot. 1178;
Curt. Lond. iv. t. 30;
With. ii. 546;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills. — W. Weighell's Herb.
2. S. brachiata (Bladder Campion, or Catchfly)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 292;
Berwick Flora, 96;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 134;
Cucubalus Behen
Eng. Bot. 164;
With. ii. 545;
In fields, pastures, and on the sea banks. This plant continues unaltered in its habit, when growing on the sea banks at
Cullercoats,
Newbiggin, and other places.
3. S. maritima (Sea Campion, or Catchfly)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 293;
Eng. Bot. 957;
Berwick Flora, 96;
With. ii. 548;
S. amoena
Lightfoot, 227;
Hudson, 188;
S. inflata
Hook. Fl. Scot. 135;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 96;
On the sea coast at
Whitburn, and on
Fulwell hills, D. Near
Hartley, and on
Holy Island, N. On banks beyond
Hudshead. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. On the
Fern Islands, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
Dr. Hooker considers this a variety of the preceding species.
4. S. conica (Striated Corn Catchfly)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 294;
Eng. Bot. 922;
With. ii. 550;
On
Hebburn ballast-hills, D.— Mr. R. Waugh. On
Willington ballast-hills, N.
5. S. noctiflora (Night-flowering Catchfly)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 295;
Eng. Bot. 291;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 135;
With. ii. 550;
In fields near
Gateshead,
Cleadon,
Whitburn, and
South Shields.
186. STELLARIA
1. S. nemorum (Wood Stitchwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 300;
Eng. Bot. 92;
With. ii. 551;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 97;
In
Eglestone,
Lambton,
Cawsey,
Beamish, and
Ravensworth woods; and in hedges at
Witton-le-Wear, and
Baydales, near
Darlington; also on the banks of Wear, at
Chester-le-Street new bridge, D. Near Westonhope, Weardale, — W.C. Trevelyan Esq. In
Cocken woods, D.— W. Weighell's Herb. On the island near Hazle-side stream, Alnwick.— Mr. J. Davison. By the brook at
Simonburn, N. — Wallis, 215;.
2. S. media (Common Chickweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 301;
Eng. Bot. 537;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 135;
Alsine media
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 20;
Hudson, 131;
On cultivated ground, everywhere.
3. S. holostea (Greater Stichwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 301;
Eng, Bot. 511;
Curt. Fasc. ii. t. 30;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 136;
In woods and by hedges, frequent.
4. S. graminea (Lesser Stitchwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 302;
Eng. Bot. 803;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 136;
Berwick Flora, 97;
On heaths among bushes, not rare.
5. S. glauca (Glaucous Marsh Stitchwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 303;
Eng. Bot. 825;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 98;
With. ii. 555;
Berwick Flora, 97;
At
Rice Carr, near Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse. Among furze at
Prestwick Carr. — Mr. R.B. Bowman. By the side of a pond
above Spindlestone, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. S. uliginosa (Bog Stitchwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 303;
Eng. Bot. 1074;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 28;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 136;
By ditches, springs, and rivulets, frequent.
187. ARENARIA
1. A. peploides (Sea Chickweed, or Sandwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 306;
Eng. Bot. 189;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 137;
With. ii. 557;
Berwick Flora, 97;
On the sands of the sea shore, frequent.
Spittal sands near Berwick. — Dr. Thompson.
2. A. trinervis (Plantain-leaved Chickweed, or Sandwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 307;
Eng. Bot. 1483;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 31;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 137;
Berwick Flora, 97;
In bushy moist places.
3. A. serpyllifolia (Thyme-leaved Sandwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 307;
Eng. Bot. 923;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 32;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 138;
Berwick Flora, 98;
On old walls and dry ground.
4. A. verna (Vernal Sandwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 309;
Eng. Bot. 512;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 99;
With. ii. 559;
Berwick Flora, 98;
On old mine heaps in Allendale, N. On the
banks of Tyne near Crow-hall, N. — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp.
Upon the wolds near Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, and on the moors in Weardale, D. On
Cronkley Fell, Teesdale.
5. A. rubra (Purple Sandwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 311;
Eng. Bot. 852;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 138;
Berwick Flora, 98;
In sandy fields and barren places.
6. A. marina (Sea Spurrey Sandwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 311;
Eng. Bot. 958;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 139;
Berwick Flora, 98;
A. rubra
Hudson, 193;
On the sandy sea coast, not rare.
DECANDRIA PENTAGYNIA
188. SEDUM
1. S. Telephium (Orpine, or Live-long)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 315;
Eng. Bot. 1319;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 25;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 100;
With, ii. 562;
Berwick Flora, 98;
By the road side near
Urpeth, by hedges near
Lanchester Ford, and near
Durham, in
Hag Crag wood near the High Force, and on
Falconclint Scar, Teesdale, D. By the mill at
Shincliffe, and wood at
Butterby, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. On the
banks of Tyne below Paradise near Elswick, and on hedge banks near
Hexham, N. Near
Belsay, — Miss Emma Trevelyan. On Banks
between Simonburn and Nunwick, also at
Rodham, N. — Wallis, 174;.
2. S. anglicum (White English Stonecrop)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 317;
Eng. Bot. 171;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 140;
With. ii. 505;
Berwick Flora, 99;
On the
Heugh and about the Castle at Holy Island, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants; observed also by Dr. G. Johnston. A rare visitant on the north-east coast of England, though frequent on the west.
3. S. acre (Biting Stonecrop, Wall Pepper)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 317;
Eng. Bot. 839;
Berwick Flora, 99;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 32;
Woodv. Sup. t. 231;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 140;
On walls and in sandy places, particularly near the sea coast.
There is a variety among the rocks on the brink of
Crag Lake, hardly to be distinguished, but by the cauline leaves in the time of flowering, which then appear in an imbricated six-fold series on the stalks. — Wallis, 175;. Can this be Sedum sexangulare?
4. S. villosum (Hairy Stonecrop)
Sm. Eng, Fl. ii. 319;
Eng. Bot. 394;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 101;
With. ii. 563;
Berwick Flora, 99;
By the
Whey Syke in Teesdale Forest, and
near Widdy Bank by the road that leads to Harwood Chase; also by ditches near
Burtree Ford, Weardale, D. By rivulets both at the
foot of Cheviot, and
running into the Coquet near the mill, south-east of Rothbury, N. Near
Great Bavington. — Miss Emma Trevelyan. On
Basaltic heights between Belford and Bamborough, N. — Thompson's
Berwick Plants.
5. S. album (White Stonecrop)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 319;
Eng. Bot. 1578;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 31;
With. ii. 564;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 140;
On the
Abbey Bridge near Barnardcastle, D.— Mr. E. Robson. Probably naturalized there.
6. S. reflexum (Crooked Yellow Stonecrop)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 320;
Eng. Bot. 695;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 141;
Berwick Flora, 99;
On walls and roofs of houses near
Wycliffe and
Witton-le-Wear, D. On rocks at
Cocken, D. — Rev. J. Symons. On walls at Crook-oak and the ruins of
Alnwick Abbey, N. On old walls at
Lipwood, near Haydon-bridge, and on rocks at
Tecket Waterfall. — Wallis, 174;. On the dyke at Kyloe Manse and at
Easington, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
7. S. rupestre (St. Vincent's Rock Stonecrop)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 321;
Eng. Bot. 170;
With. ii. 566;
On walls about
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. Certainly not indigenous. On precipices on the western Borders, by the rivulet of Irthing, near
Wardrew Spa, N.— Wallis 175;. I suspect this to be a mistake.
189. OXALIS
1. O. Acetosella (Common Wood-sorrel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 323;
Eng. Bot. 762;
Berwick Flora, 99;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 31;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 141;
With. ii. 567;
α as In woods and shady places; β in
Ravensworth woods, D. In woods about
Hexham, N. — Wallis, 200;.
190. AGROSTEMMA
1. A. Githago (Corn Cockle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 325;
Eng. Bot. 741;
Curt. Fasc. iii. t. 27;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 141;
Berwick Flora, 101;
In corn fields, not rare.
191. LYCHNIS
1. L. Flos Cuculi (Ragged Robin, Meadow Lychni)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 326;
Eng. Bot. 573;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 33;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 141;
Berwick Flora, 100;
In moist meadows, frequent.
2. L. diurna (Red Campion)
Sibthorp, 145;
Sym. Syn. 112;
Berwick Flora, 100;
L. dioica
Eng. Bot. 1579;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 32;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 328;
With. ii. 569;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 142;
In hedges, woods, and denes, frequent.
3. L. vespertina (White Campion)
Sibthorp, 146;
Sym. Syn. 112;
Berwick Flora, 100;
L. sylvestris
Lindley, 47;
L. dioica
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 328;
Eng. Bot. 1580;
With. ii. 569;
γ Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 329; flowers flesh-coloured;
In hedges and fields, seldom in woods.
Both Lychnis diurna and Lychnis vespertina
are occasionally found with hermaprodite flowers, particularly the variety γ of Smith.
192. CERASTIUM
1. C. vulgatum (Broad-leaved Mouse-ear Chickweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 330;
Eng. Bot. 789;
Lightfoot, 240;
Berwick Flora, 101;
C. viscosum
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 35;
Hudson, 200;
On walls and dry banks, but not very common near
Newcastle, N. and D. In the bed of Wooler Water, and on dykes at Earl, N. — Dr. Thompson.
2. C. viscosum (Narrow-leaved Mouse-ear Chick-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 330;
Eng. Bot. 790;
Lightfoot, 240;
Berwick Flora, 101;
C. vulgatum
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 34;
Hudson, 200;
On walls and in pastures, very common.
3. C. semidecandrum (Little Mouse-ear Chick-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 331;
Eng. Bot. 1630;
Berwick Flora, 101;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 33;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 143;
C. pumilum
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 30;
With. ii. 574;
α On walls and sandy ground, not rare; β on walls at the Long Bank, near
Gateshead Fell, D. On walls at
Tynemouth, and in
Gallowgate, Newcastle, N.
4. C. tetrandrum (Four-cleft Mouse-ear Chick-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 332;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 31;
Berwick Flora, 101;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 143;
Sagina cerastoides
Eng. Bot. 166;
With. ii. 299;
On the banks at
Tynemouth, near the Spanish Battery, and on the
links at Hartley,
Bamborough, and
Holy Island, N. On the links below
Scremmerston, — Thompson's Berwick Plants. On the
Fern Islands and
Spittal Links, N.— Dr. G. Johnston. On walls about
Hartlepool, and on the
coast at Shields Law,
Whitburn, and near Sunderland north Pier, D.
5. C. arvense (Field Chick-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 333;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 29;
Eng. Bot. 93;
With. ii. 573;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 104;
Berwick Flora, 102;
At
Friar's Goose near Gateshead, on dry banks and heaths near
Darlington, on
Fulwell hills,
Marsden Rocks, and near
Chester Bridge, D. On banks
near the Chain Bridge over the Tweed, at Horncliffe, and near
Coldstream, and on
St. Peter's Quay, N., where it was observed by Wilson – See Syn. 232. Near King's Mount Bastion, and
Castle Bank, Berwick. — Dr. Thompson. On
Spittal and
Scremmerston Links. — Dr. G. Johnston. On
Alnwick Moor. — Mr. J. Davison. Near
Walk on Tweed, N.— Lightfoot, i. 241.
6. C. aquaticum (Water Mouse-ear Chickweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 335;
Eng. Bot. 538;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 34;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 144;
With. ii. 575;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
193. SPERGULA
1. S. arvensis (Corn Spurrey)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 336;
Eng. Bot. 1535;
Berwick Flora, 102;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 31;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 144;
β S. pentandraEng. Bot. 1536;
α In corn fields, frequent. β on the sea coast south of
Sunderland, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
2. S. nodosa (Knotted Spurrey)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 338;
Eng. Bot. 694;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 34;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 145;
With. ii. 576;
Berwick Flora, 102;
In bogs near
Urpeth, near
Fulwell-gate, and at
Allansford, D. At
Prestwick Carr, and
Willington Quay, on the links at
Bamborough, and by the
Lough at Holy Island, N. At the
east end of Bromley Lake, N. — Wallis, 214;. On
Goswick Links, N.— Dr. Thompson.
3. S. subulata (Fringed All-shaped Spurrey)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 339;
Eng. Bot. 1082;
With. ii. 576;
Berwick Flora, 103;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 145;
S. laricina
Lightfoot, 244;
Hudson, 203;
S. saginoides
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 35;
On
Spindlestone and
Easington rocks, N.— Dr. G. Johnston. On
Whinneyfield Bank by
Cullercoats near Tynemouth, N.— Lawson, Dill. Ray's Syn. 345;
DODECANDRIA MONOGYNIA
194. ASARUM
1. A. europaeum (Common Asarabacca)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 342;
Eng. Bot. 1083;
Woodv. t. 86;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 146;
At Middleton, near Alnwick, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
Probably not originally indigenous.
195. LYTHRUM
1. L. Salicaria (Spiked Purple Loosestrife)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 343;
Eng. Bot. 1061;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 28;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 147;
Berwick Flora, 105;
On the banks of rivers and streams, by no means rare, N. and D. In the mill race in
Heaton Dene, below Sandyford, N. On the
banks of Tweed above Norham. — Dr. G. Johnston.
DODECANDRIA DIGYNIA
196. AGRIMONIA
1. A. Eupatoria (Common Agrimony)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 346;
Eng. Bot. 1335;
Woodv. Sup. t. 258;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 32;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 147;
Berwick Flora, 105;
In meadows, and on the borders of corn fields, but not very common.
DODECANDRIA TRIGYNIA
197. RESEDA
1. R. Luteola (Dyer's-weed, Yellow-weed, or Weld)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 347;
Eng. Bot. 320;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 147;
Berwick Flora, 105;
With. ii. 585;
On the banks of hedges, and the rubbish about old coal pits, frequent.
2. R. lutea (Wild Mignonette, or Base Rocket)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 348;
Eng. Bot. 321;
With. ii. 586;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 105;
β Dill. Ray's Syn. 366.
α At the
Salt Meadows below Gateshead, and
between South Shields, and Monkwearmouth, D. By road sides near
Hartley,
Cullercoats, and
Tynemouth, N. β on the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D.
DODECANDRIA DODECAGYNIA
198. SEMPERVIVUM
1. S. tectorum (Common Houseleek)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 350;
Eng. Bot. 1320;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 29;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 149;
Berwick Flora, 106;
On walls and cottage roofs.
ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA
199. PRUNUS
1. P. Padus (Bird Cherry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 354;
Eng. Bot. 1383;
With. iii. 598;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 137;
Berwick Flora, 108;
In woods and hedges, frequent. In
woods about Hound Wood and Benton Inn, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. P. Cerasus (Wild Cherry-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 354;
Eng. Bot. 706;
Berwick Flora, 109;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 108;
With. iii. 599;
Ray's Syn. 2nd ed., 302;
P. avium
With. iii. 600;
α In woods and hedges, N. and D. Near
Flemington, N. — Dr. G. Johnston, γ on the
banks of Tees about Barnardcastle. — Johnson in Ray. At
Chowden, near Gateshead Fell, D. δ in woods about
Darlington, D. — Rev. J. Symons.
3. P. domestica (Wild Plumb-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 355;
Eng. Bot. 1783;
Woodv. t. 85;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 108;
With. ii. 600;
In hedges near
Morpeth and
Alnwick, N. In the neighbourhood of
Urpeth, D. Near
Witton Gilbert, D. — Rev. J. Symons.
Probably not originally indigenous in the north of England.
4. P. insititia (Wild Bullace-tree)
Sm. Eng, Fl. ii. 356;
Eng. Bot. 841;
With. iii. 600;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 108;
In
Ryehope Dene, and in hedges between Durham and Chester-le-Street, D.
5. P. spinosa (Sloe-tree, Black-thorn)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 357;
Eng. Bot. 842;
Woodv. t. 84;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 151;
Berwick Flora, 109;
In hedges and thickets.
ICOSANDRIA PENTAGYNIA
200. MESPILUS
1. M. Oxyacantha (Hawthorn, White-thorn, May)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 359;
Eng. Bot. 2504;
Berwick Flora, 109;
Crataegus Oxyacantha
Hook. Fl. Scot. 151;
Crataegus monogyna
Sibth. 156;
In woods and hedges, everywhere.
201. PYRUS
1. P. communis (Wild Pear-tree, Iron Pear)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 301;
Eng. Bot. 1784;
With. iii. 607;
In hedges near
Cocken, D.— W. Weighell's Herb. Probably not truly indigenous.
2. P. Malus (Wild Apple-tree, Crab-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 362;
Eng. Bot. 179;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 151;
Berwick Flora, 110;
In woods, denes, and hedges, common.
3. P. aucuparia (Mountain Ash, Quicken-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 364;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 151;
Berwick Flora, 110;
Sorbus aucuparia
Eng. Bot. 337;
With. iii. 604;
In woods and plantations, common. Near the
High Force, and
Winch Bridge in Teesdale, D; and at the foot of
Cheviot. N. Certainly wild.
4. P. Aria (White Beam-tree, White Wild Pear-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 365;
Eng. Bot. 1858;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 110;
Crataegus Aria
With. iii. 602;
P. pinnatifida
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 365;
Eng. Bot. 2331;
P. hybrida
Fl. Brit. 534;
α
Castle Eden Dene, on rocks of Magnesian Limestone, and near
Winch Bridge, Teesdale, on Encrinal Limestone and Basalt, D. β in plantations.
A variety usually raised by cultivation, and called the Bastard Mountain Ash.
202. SPIRIA
1. S. salicifolia (Willow-leaved Spiraea)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 367;
Eng. Bot. 1468;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 152;
With. iii. 609;
Naturalized in woods at
Wallington, and by
Roadley Lake, N. In
Gibside Woods near the Chapel, D; but not indigenous as Dr. Smith was erroneously informed. — See Eng. Fl. ii. p. 369.
2. S. Filipendula (Common Dropwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 368;
Eng. Bot. 284;
With. iii. 610;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 152;
At
Baydales, and
Conniscliffe near Darlington, and in
Byer's Quarry field near Whitburn, D. In
Crag Close near Barwesford, N.
This plant flourishes both on the Magnesian and Encrinal Limestone.
3. S. Ulmaria (Meadow-sweet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 368;
Eng. Bot. 960;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 152;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 33;
Berwick Flora, 110;
On the banks of rivers and in moist meadows, frequent.
ICOSANDRIA POLYGYNIA
203. ROSA
1. R. rubella (Red-fruited Dwarf Rose)
Eng. Bot. 2521 and 2601; Fruit f.3;
With. iii. 613;
Sm. Com. 78;
Woods, Linn. Trans. xii. 177;
Lindley, Mon. 40;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 374;
Winch, Geog. Pl. 2nd ed., No. 1, App;
Hook. Br. Fl. 225;
Fruit oval, somewhat bristly. Flower stalks, bristly. Stem spreading, clothed with straight slender spines. Leaflets elliptical, smooth, singly serrated. Segments of the calyx entire.Flowers white tinged with pink. Fruit, when ripe, pear-shaped, scarlet, and pendant. Calyx permanent.
On the sands of the
sea coast near South Shields, D., mixed with the dwarf variety of the Burnet Rose. rare July 17, 1797.
This shrub appears a link between Rosa spinosissima and Rosa alpina
the latter of which it greatly resembles in habit. It is not Rosa pimpinellifolia
of the Swiss Botanists, as Mr. Woods conjectures; for, by a specimen procured from Schleicher, that plant appears to be Rosa spinosissima
Nor is it Rosa spinosissima
var. 3, of Withering, as I am assured by that gentleman.
2. R. spinosissima (Burnet Rose)
Eng. Bot. t. 187;
With. iii. 612;
Winch, Geog. Pl., 2nd ed., No. 2, App;
Berwick Flora, 111;
Hook. Br. Fl. 226;
Fl. Scot. 154;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 111;
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 178;
Lindley Mon. 50;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 375;
R. pimpinellifolia
Linn. Syst. Nat. 10th ed., 1062;
Schleicher's Catalogue, 24;
γ pusilla
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 179;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 376;
Fruit globose, smooth as well as the flower stalks. Stem clothed with numerous straight slender spines. Leaflets singly serrated, smooth and round.Flowers yellowish white. Fruit first reddish brown, as coloured in English Botany, and then turning black. Calyx permanent.Flower stalks short. Fruit large, depressed.
The Burnet Rose is a shrub of a very diminutive growth on the sea beach (var. γ), but rises to a tall bush in woods and hedges distant from the coast. It is not very common, but occasionally to be found even in our sub-alpine vallies; and in the woods bordering the Lakes of Cumberland and Westmoreland. It may be met with
about Newcastle,
Corbridge, the
Crag Lake, and on the coast at
Holy Island, N. At
Hebburn Quay, on the
links near South Shields, at
Norton; also in Weardale and Teesdale, D.
3. R. gracilis (Tall Bristly Rose)
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 186;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 379;
Winch, Geog. Pl., 2nd ed., No. 4, App;
R. villosa
Eng. Bot. t. 583;
R. Sabini
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 188;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 380;
Lindley Mon. 59;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 155;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 112;
Hook. Br. Fl. 229;
Eng. Bot. 2594;
R. Doniana
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 185;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 378;
Eng. Bot. 2601;
R. nivalis
Hort. Cant. 7th ed., 155;
R. involuta
Winch, Geog. Pl., 2nd ed., No. 3, App;
R. involuta
Eng. Bot. 2068;
Fl. Brit. ii. 398;
With iii. 613;
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 183;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 380;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 154;
Br. Fl. 229;
Flower stalks bristly, generally bracteated. Branches, fruit and calyx bristly. Leaflets doubly serrated, hairy on both sides.Flowers pink; generally one, but sometimes two or three together. Petals yellowish at the base. Fruit globular scarlet. Calyx permanent, entire.
α At
Baydales, near Darlington, D. β in
Heaton Dene, below Benton Bridge, and near
Goldspink Hall, N. Near
Middleton-one-Row, D.— Mr. J. Backhouse. In α gracilis the large prickles are somewhat falcate; this is all the difference I can observe in the plants growing between Keswick and Lorton, from which Woods drew up his specific character, and β Sabini the variety found in
Heaton Dene. We have not the elegant white variety with red glands, abundant.in Ennerdale. With γ involuta I am acquainted by specimens and plants procured on the shores of Arran by the late Mr. G. Don. It is merely a dwarf variety from growing on the sands of the sea coast, as is the case with Rosa spinossissima
and its petals are occasionally involute, which in dry situations happens to most other roses.
4. R. villosa (Soft-leaved round-fruited Rose)
R. villosa
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 189;
Winch, Geog. Pl. 2nd ed. No. 5 App;
Hook. Br. Fl. 230;
With. iii. 612;
Var. 2, Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 311;
R. villosa
Fl. Brit. ii. 538;
R. mollis
Eng. Bot. t. ii. 459;
Winch, Geog. of Plants, 1st ed., 42;
Lindley, Br. Syn. 100;
R. tomentosa
Lindley, Mon. 77;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 156;
R. villosa β, mollissima
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1070;
Fruit globose, half as long as the segments of the calyx, bristly as well as the flower-stalks. Prickles of the stem straight. Leaflets elliptic, ovate, downy on both sides. Calyx permanent.Very common about
Newcastle, in hedges and woods. When this shrub grows on a sterile soil, or in a bleak exposed situation, it assumes the stunted habit and full red flower, as delineated in
Eng. Bot. t. ii. 459;
. The fruit varies from smoothness to a considerable degree of roughness. Rosa villosa of Dr. Swartz and other foreign botanists, is the Apple Rose of our gardens, which I believe is not indigenous in Britain. Its fruit is very large, and leaves pointed.
5. R. tomentosa (Downy-leaved Dog Rose)
Eng. Bot. t. 990;
With. iii. 615;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 383;
Berwick Flora, 111;
Hook. Br. Fl. 231;
Flowers bright red, paler at the base.
In woods and hedges about
Newcastle, by no means rare.
6. R. scabriuscula (Rough-leaved Dog Rose)
Eng. Bot. t. 1896;
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 193;
Sm. Compend. 78;
With. iii. 615;
Berwick Flora, 111;
R. tomentosa
Hook. Br. Fl. 231;
R. tomentosa
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 383;
Fruit red. Bristles on the fruit and flower-stalks ending in minute glands; but there is a variety with smooth fruit. Leaflets are more pointed than represented in Eng. Bot. and covered with a hoary, velvety down.
In hedges near
Benwell (1797),
Paradise,
Scotswood,
Fenham,
Jesmond,
Ponteland, and
Heaton Dene, N. Near
Ravensworth, the High and Low Team, and
Tanfield, D. Near
Wallington.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
On the banks of Tweed, above the Union Bridge, and in hedges Near Berwick, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
The buds are peculiarly handsome when sufficiently expanded to shew the bright red tints with which the outer edge of the snow-white petals is marked. Probably Sir J.E. SMITH is right in considering this rose a variety of Rosa tomentosa but I shall let it stand as a species, till the contrary be proved by sowing its seeds.
7. R. Eglanteria (Sweet Briar)
Huds. Fl. Ang. 218;
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 206;
Winch, Geog. Pl., 2nd ed., No. 8, App;
R. rubiginosa
Eng. Bot. 991;
With. iii. 616;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 385;
Lindley, Mon. 86;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 157;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 113;
Hook. Br. Fl. 234;
Berwick Flora, 112;
Flower pale red, fruit scarlet.
ln hedges near the
Friar's Goose and
Hebburn Hall, also on
rocks below Westoe, D. In
Rocoe Lane near Monkwearmouth. — Rev. J. Symons. Near
High Conniscliffe.— Mr. Janson. In
Raby Park, D.— Mr. J. Backhouse. On the
edge of the military road by the twelfth mile stone, also on the
north side of the Coquet at Warkworth, almost opposite the church, N.— Wallis, 143;. Naturalized about
Scremmerston and
Broom House.— Dr. G. Johnston.
8. R. Borreri (Downy-stalked Dog Rose)
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 210;
Winch, Geog. Pl., 2nd ed., No. 9, App;
R. dumetorum
Eng. Bot. t. 2579;
Sm. Compend. 79;
With. iii. 618;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 388;
R. inodora
Hook. Br. Fl. 233;
R. rubiginosa inodora
Hook. Fl. Lond. t. 117;
ς Lindley Mon. 88;
Fruit scarlet, ovate. Petals pale pink, yellowish at the base.
In a hedge on
Friar's Goose Quay, probably brought with ballast from the south of England.
This rose is accurately delineated in the English Botany, but the calyx remains long on the fruit. Like Rosa canina it frequently throws out long leading shoots, which soon overtop the bunches of flowers. In all likelihood Lindley was not in error in making it a variety of the Eglantine.
9. R. dumetorum (Thicket Rose)
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 217;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 392;
Lam. and De Cand. Fl. Fr. iv. 534;
Eng. Bot. 2610;
Winch, Geog. Pl. 2nd ed., No. 11, App;
R. caesia
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 389;
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 212;
Eng. Bot. 2367;
Hook. Br. Fl. 239;
R. canina
Hook. Fl. Scot. 157;
R. bractescens
Woods, Linn. Trans. xii. 216;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 391;
Bracteas serrated, pointed and leafy, longer than the flower-stalks, which are short and stout, sometimes four or five together. Tube of the calyx roundish. Segments pinnate, permanent. Flowers pale red. Styles prominent, hairy. Stigmas forming a round head. Fruit, red, globular.
In
Heaton Dene, and hedges near Sandyford, N.
Between Middleton and Langley Ford, N., and near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
10. R. canina (Common Dog Rose)
Eng. Bot. 992;
Fl. Brit. ii. 540;
With. ii. 617;
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 223;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 394;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 157;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 113;
Berwick Flora, 113;
R. Forsteri
(Downy-ribbed Dog Rose)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 392;
Eng. Bot. 2611;
Berwick Flora, 113;
R. collina
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 219;
R. canina
Hook. Br. Fl. 236;
Flowers pale pink, clustered, soon out-topped by the leading shoots of the shrub. Fruit scarlet, oval. Calyx deciduous. Leaves dark shining green. The young shoots very strong, armed with large hooked prickles.Ribs of the leaflets hairy.
α In every hedge. β Near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. R. sarmentacea (Glaucous-leaved Dog Rose)
R. sarmentacea
Woods, Linn. Trans, xii. 213;
Swartz. MSS;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 390;
Eng. Bot. 2595;
Berwick Flora, 112;
Winch, Geog. Pl., 2nd ed., No. 13, App;
R. canina
Hook. Br. Fl. 236;
R. glaucophylla
Winch, Geog. Pl., 1st ed., 45;
With. iii. 619;
In every hedge near
Newcastle, both in Northumberland and Durham.
This is a much slenderer, though less trailing Briar than Rosa canina its flowers pale pink, growing in pairs or single, and its fruit large. It also further differs in habit, by not having young shoots sprouting beyond the blossoms, so as to give them the appearance of being axillary; and from Rosa sentriosa
of Acharius (Stockholm Transactions) in the fruit being ovate, not globular. The leaves of the shrub are glaucous — peculiarly so in the spring of the year; and with reluctance I relinquish the name given to it in the first edition of the Geog. of Plants, for the less appropriate one of my late friend, Dr. Swartz. This rose stands exactly in the same predicament as R. scabriuscula
and I leave it as a species till ascertained to be a variety of R. canina
to which, it must be owned, it bears a strong resemblance.
12. R. arvensis (White-trailing Dog Rose)
Eng. Bot. t. 188;
Fl. Brit. ii. 538;
With. iii. 611;
Woods, Linn, Trans, xii. 232;
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii 396;
Lindley, Mon. 112;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 158;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 114;
Winch, Geog. Pl., 2nd ed., No. 14, App;
Hook. Br. Fl. 241;
Var. β Hudson, 219 with only one flower;
Flowers white. Germen oblong. Fruit globose, deep red, terminated by the simple base of the styles. Calyx deciduous. Stems glaucous, sometimes the colour of mahogany.
In woods and hedges at
Friar's Goose, near
Gateshead, at
Cocken, and
between Norton and Sadberge, also near
Marsden, D. At
St. Anthon's, and in
Elswick Dene near Newcastle, N.
Between Broom House and Haggerstone, N.— Thompson's Berwick Plants.
The foreign Botanists do not seem to be well acquainted with this species, some of them considering it the same as Rosa sempervirens from which it is easily distinguished by the more oval form and colour of its leaves, and the calyx being quite smooth. From Dr. Swartz I have received specimens of a rose named Rosa arvensis
but which resembled a small variety of Rosa canina
and is Rosa agrestis
of Schleicher's Catalogue of Swiss Plants. The Ayrshire Rose, which may frequently be seen trained against walls, is scarcely a variety. When the plant grows upon a poor soil, and is weak, its flowers are not clustered, and it then becomes the var. β of Hudson's Flora Anglica and Ray's Synopsis.
204. RUBUS
1. R. fruticosus (Common Bramble)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 399;
Eng. Bot. 715;
With. ii. 622;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 115;
Berwick Flora, 114;
In hedges, but not very common.
2. R. glandulosus (Glandular Bramble)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 403;
Berwick Flora, 114;
R. Kohleri
Eng. Bot. 2605;
In
Heaton Dene and hedges near
Jesmond, N, not rare. Hedges near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. R. idaeus (Raspberry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 407;
Eng. Bot. 2442;
Woodv. t. 138;
With. iii. 620;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 159;
Berwick Flora, 114;
In denes, woods, and by rivulets, not uncommon, N. and D. Among the Cheviot mountains, N. On
Alnwick Moor, near Brislie Tower. — Mr. J. Davison. By the
brook below Tecket, N. — Wallis, 143;.
4. R. corylifolius (Hazel-leaved Bramble)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 408;
Eng. Bot. 827;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 160;
With. iii. 621;
Berwick Flora, 114;
R. vulgaris
Lindley, Br. Syn. 93;
The most common bramble in Northumberland and Durham. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnson. In woods and sheltered denes this shrub becomes almost an evergreen, and is then Rubus macrophyllus of Lindley's Synopsis, 93, and the Eng. Bot. t. 2625.
5. R. caesius (Dew-berry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 409;
Eng. Bot. 826;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 160;
With. iii. 620;
Berwick Flora, 114;
In woods, hedges, and denes, but not common. On the
banks of Tweed, beyond Ord Mill.— Dr. Thompson. The double-flowered variety, in
Tecket wood, by the path leading westward from the Rectory Dene Simonburn, N.— Wallis, 144;.
6. R. saxatilis (Stone Bramble)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 410;
Eng. Bot. 2233;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 115;
With. iii. 623;
In
Castle Eden Dene, on the banks of Tees at the
High Force, in
Hown's Wood near Butsfield, and near
Eglestone and
Middleton, D. In Allendale, on the
banks of Irthing, and on the rocks at
Shewing Shields, N. In
plantations north of Wallington, and about
Hartburn banks.— Miss Emma Trevelyan. Near
Whinetly Mill, at West Dibden, Hexhamshire, N.— Wallis, 144;.
7. R. Chamaemorus (Mountain Bramble, or Cloudberry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 412;
Eng. Bot. 716;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 115;
Hook. Lond. t. 136;
With. ii. 624;
Berwick Flora, 115;
On Knoutberry Fell near Eglestone, D. In mosses above Allen Heads, on
Kilhope Law,
Hedgehope, and
Cheviot, N.
Above Knaresdale and
Coan Wood, N. — Mr. J. Thompson. On
Simonside, N.— Miss Emma Trevelyan. On
Cronkley Fell in Teesdale.
205. FRAGARIA
1. F. vesca (Wood Strawberry)
2. F. calycina (Calycene Strawberry)
Lindley, Br. Syn. 96;
F. grandiflora
Thuil. i. 254;
F. vesca
Lam. and De Cand. Fl. Fr. iv. 468;
Hook. Br. Fl. 250;
Loiseleur
In Northumberland. — Lindley.
I know nothing of this strawberry.
206. POTENTILLA
1. P. fruticosa (Shrubby Cinquefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 416;
Eng. Bot. 88;
With. iii. 626;
Ray's Syn. 256;
On the banks of Tees at
Eglestone Abbey, at
Winch Bridge, and at the
High Force, Teesdale, D., where it was observed in Ray's time by Mr. Lawson.
The banks of Tees is the only part of the kingdom where this ornamental shrub grows wild, except in a ravine called the Devil's Sledge-gate in Wastdale Screes, in Cumberland; it was there detected by Mr. Bicheno.
2. P. anserina (Silver-weed, Wild Tansey)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 417;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t.31;
Eng. Bot. 861;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 162;
Berwick Flora, 115;
By road sides and on barren ground.
3. P. argentea (Hoary Cinquefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 418;
Eng. Bot. 89;
With. iii. 628;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 116;
Between Sunderland and South Shields, and on
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. Near
Beaufront, Hexham, N.
4. P. alpestris (Orange Alpine Cinquefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 418;
Hook. Br. Fl. 252;
P. aurea
Eng. Bot. 561;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 163;
With. ii. 630;
On basaltic rocks at
Winch Bridge, and near the
Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D. Near
Corbridge Mill, N.
5. P. verna (Spring Cinquefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 420;
Eng. Bot. 37;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 117;
With. ii. 630;
Berwick Flora, 116;
On
Spindlestone hills, N— Dr. G. Johnston.
6. P. reptans (Common Creeping Cinquefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 423;
Eng. Bot. 862;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 37;
Woodv. t. 59;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 163;
Berwick Flora, 116;
By way sides and in pastures.
7. P. Fragariastrum (Strawberry-leaved Cinquefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 425;
Berwick Flora, 116;
P. Fragaria
Gr. Fl. Eds. 116;
Fragaria sterilis
Eng. Bot. 1785;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 30;
On hedge banks and in dry pastures.
207. TORMENTILLA
1. T. officinalis (Common Tormentil, or Septfoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 427;
Eng. Bot. 863;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 35;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 164;
Berwick Flora, 116;
T. erecta
Woodv. t. 9;
Hudson, 225;
Potentilla Tormentilla
Gr. Fl. Eds. 116;
On heaths, and barren pastures.
2. T. reptans (Trailing Tormentil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 428;
Eng. Bot. 864;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 164;
With. iii. 632;
Berwick Flora, 116;
Potentilla procumbens
Gr. Fl. Eds. 117;
In the lane leading to
Lumley Ford, D. — Rev. J. Symons. On a bank about a hundred yards west from Anick Grange, on the north side of the lane that leads to Hexham, N.— Wallis, 199;.
208. GEUM
1. G. urbanum (Common Avens, Herb Bennet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 429;
Eng. Bot. 1400;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t.36;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 165;
Berwick Flora, 117;
Woodv. Supp. 259;
G. intermedium
With. iii. 634;
G. rivale
β, Sm. Fl. Brit. 555;
G. urbanum
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 429;
not rare; β in Scotswood and
Heaton Denes, N. Near
Norton, and in woods at the
Friar's Goose below Gateshead, also near
Saltwellside, D. Near St. Helen's Well by Darlington, D.— Mr. E. Robson. In the vicinity
of Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
2. G. rivale (Water Avens)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 430;
Eng. Bot. 106;
Berwick Flora, 117;
Hook. Fl, Scot. 165;
>β proliferus
With. iii. 634;
G. rivale
Sm. Fl. Brit. 555;
α In damp woods and by the sides of rivulets; β in woods on the Irthing, near Wardrew, N. At Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In
Castle Eden Dene, D. Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
209. DRYAS
1. D. octopetala (Mountain Avens)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 432;
Eng. Bot. 451;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 165;
With. iii. 635;
Near the
Black Ark on Cronkley Fell, Teesdale.
210. COMARUM
1. C. palustre (Marsh Cinquefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 433;
Eng. Bot. 172;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 165;
With. iii. 635;
Berwick Flora, 117;
In bogs, frequent.
POLYANDRIA MONOGYNIA
211. CHELIDONIUM
1. C. majus (Celandine)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 4;
Eng. Bot. 1581;
Woodv. Sup. t. 263;
With. iii. 630;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 167;
Berwick Flora, 119;
In hedges near farm houses and villages.
212. GLAUCIUM
1. G. luteum (Yellow Horned-Poppy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 6;
Hook. Lond. t. 56;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 119;
Berwick Flora, 119;
Chelidonium Glaucium
Eng. Bot. 8;
C. luteum
With. iii. 640;
A sea-side plant, but now completely naturalized on the ballast-bills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. On
Wellington ballast-hills, N., where Wallis observed it. At
Seaton, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
213. PAPAVER
1. P. hybridum (Mongrel Poppy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 9;
Eng. Bot. 43;
With. iii. 642;
In corn fields on the Magnesian Limestone about
Whitburn, Cleadon,
Fulwell, and
Sunderland, D. Near
Alnwick, D.— Miss Forster, delin.
This plant is not mentioned in the Flora Scotica.
2. P. Argemone (Long Rough, headed Poppy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 10;
Eng. Bot. 643;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 38;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 168;
Berwick Flora, 120;
In corn fields.
3. P. dubium (Long Smooth-headed Poppy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 10;
Eng. Bot. 644;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 37;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 168;
Berwick Flora, 120;
In corn fields, not rare.
4. P. Rhoeas (Common Red Poppy, Corn Rose)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 11;
Eng. Bot. 645;
Berwick Flora, 120;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. 32;
Woodv. t. 186;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 168;
β Var. flore albo.
α In corn fields, common. β near
Norton. — J. Hogg, Esq.
5. P. somniferum (White Poppy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 11;
Eng. Bot. 2145;
Woodv. t. 185;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 168;
With. iii. 645;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. Near
Seaton. — Mr. J. Backhouse; and
Norton, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
A native of the Levant, with but slight claim to be enumerated as an English plant.
214. NYMPHAEA
1. N. alba (White Water-lily)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 14;
Eng. Bot. 160;
Hook. Lond. t. 140;
With. iii. 647;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 120;
In
Greenley and
Broomley Lakes, near Shewing Shields, N. In
Grinden Lake.— Wallis, 238;. Naturalized in the ponds at
Wallington, N.
215. NUPHAR
1. N. lutea (Common Yellow Water-lily)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 15;
Hook. Lond. t. 141;
Fl. Scot. 169;
Berwick Flora, 120;
Nymphaea lutea
Eng. Bot. 159;
With. iii. 646;
N. pumila
(Least Yellow Water-lily)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 16;
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 151;
Hook. Lond. t. 165;
N. minima
Eng. Bot. 2292;
N. Kalmiana
Hook. Fl. Scot. 169;
Nymphaea lutea
With. iii. 647;
α. In the
Pont,
Ouse Burn, and in
ponds at Widehaugh, near Dilston, also in the Loughs near Shewing Shields: naturalized in ponds at
Wallington, N. In ponds at Park House, and in the
Skerne near Darlington, D. Near
NortonJ. Hogg, Esq. β in
Chartner's Lough, on the Wallington moors, N.— Sir John Trevelyan, Bart.
Some years since the Least Yellow Water-lily was transplanted from the Sub-alpine moors into the ponds at Wallington, where it now scarcely differs
from the common Water-lily; in both varieties, at least I consider them as such, the stigma is entire when young, but becomes toothed as it grows older.
216. TILIA
1. T. europaea (Lime-tree, Linden-tree)
2. T. grandifolia (Broad-leaved Downy Lime-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 18;
Hook. Br. Fl. 259;
T. europaea
Sm. Fl. Br. 571;
At
Wallington, N.−W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. Probably planted there.
3. T. parvifolia (Small-leaved Lime-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 20;
Hook. Br. Fl. 259;
Eng. Bot. 1705;
T. europaea
Sm. Fl. Brit. 571, var. 2;
With. iii. 648;
At
Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. Probably planted there.
217. CISTUS
1. C. marifolius (Hoary Dwarf Cistus)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 23;
Eng. Bot. 396;
With. iii. 649;
Hook. Lond. t. 171;
Davies' Welsh Bot. 53;
Helianthemum canum
Lindley, Br. Syn. 36;
Hook. Br. Fl. 257;
Near the
Black Ark on Cronkley Fell, Teesdale; its northern limits.
2. C. Helianthemum (Common Dwarf Cistus)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 26;
Eng. Bot. 1321;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 36;
With. iii. 651;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 170;
Berwick Flora, 120;
Helianthemum vulgare
Hook. Br. Fl. 258;
On limestone hills at the
Lizards, and near
Sunderland, also in
Castle Eden Dene, and at
Winch Bridge in Teesdale, D. On the moor to the north of
Hartlepool, and in Close Wood, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. On the
banks of Tyne at Whitley Point, by the road side near
Walbottle Dene, on the Basaltic rocks and on the Roman wall at
Shewing Shields, above
Crag Lake (C. marifolius
of Wallis, 208;), near
Warden Mills, at
Dunstanborough, and on the
Heugh at Holy Island, N.
East side of the bridge at Barwesford, near Chipchase. — Wallis, 208;. On the
Chapel Hill at Belford, and on
Basaltic heights between it and Bamborough, N.— Thompson's Berwick Plants.
POLYANDRIA TRIGYNIA
218. DELPHINIUM
1. D. Consolida (Field Larkspur)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 30;
Eng. Bot. 1839;
With. iii. 655;
Hook. Br. Fl. 261;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. In a clover field near the Lough on
Holy Island, N; probably introduced from the Continent. In corn fields at
Norton. — J. Hogg, Esq. In a limestone quarry near
Bishopwearmouth, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
Not truly indigenous in the north of England, nor mentioned in the Flora Scotica by Hooker.
POLYANDRIA PENTAGYNIA
219. AQUILEGIA
1. A. vulgaris (Common Columbine)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 33;
Eng. Bot. 297;
With. iii. 657;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 121;
A. alpina
Hudson, 235;
By the
Ousebourn in Heaton Dene (probably the outcast of a garden), and on the banks of the
river Derwent near Allans ford, N. In
Willington Dene, by the path from Wallsend, and in
Dilston
Park near Hexham, N. — Wallis, 165;. In the
dene below Dalton-le-Dale, near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, at
Baydales near Darlington, in
Castle Eden Dene, by
Pontburn near Medomsley, and at
Barley Haugh near Ebchester, D. In
Hesledon Dene and in
Portrack Lane, half way to Norton, D. — John Hogg, Esq.
So truly distinct did the Columbine in its wild state, appear to Hudson from the cultivated variety that he mistook it for Aquilegia alpina
of Linnaeus. His Aquilegia vulgaris
I suspect, must have been intended for the garden plant which is not rare in the south of England, but generally found in the vicinity of cottages.
220. STRATIOTES
1. S. aloides (Water Aloe, Water-soldier)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 34;
Eng. Bot. 379;
With. iii. 657;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 171;
Naturalized in the ponds at
Wallington and
north of Cambo, N. Brought from the south of England.
POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA
221. ANEMONE
1. A. nemorosa (Wood Anemone)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 36;
Eng. Bot. 355;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 38;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 171;
Berwick Flora, 121;
In woods and denes frequent.
222. CLEMATIS
1. C. Vitalba (Traveller's Joy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 39;
Eng. Bot. 612;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 37;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 171;
With. iii. 662;
Naturalized on
St. Anthon's and
Willington ballast hills, N. On
Hebburn ballast hills, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill, jun.
This elegant plant does not appear to be a native of the north of England, even on the Magnesian Limestone, where it might be expected. — See Dr. Hooker's remarks in the Fl. Scot. 171.
223. THALICTRUM
1. T. alpinum (Alpine Meadow Rue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 40;
Eng. Bot. 262;
Lightfoot, 286 t. xiii. f. 1;
With. iii. 662;
Near
Cauldron Snout by the path that leads from thence to Widdy Bank, D. Also upon
Cronkley Fell, Teesdale.
2. T. minus (Lesser Meadow Rue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 41;
Eng. Bot. 11;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 123;
With. iii. 663;
Berwick Flora, 121;
On the links of the sea coast at Tynemouth,
Cullercoats,
Hartley,
Blyth,
Newbiggin,
Holy Island, and Berwick, N. At South Shields,
Castle Eden,
Hartlepool, and
Seaton, also on Limestone Crags at Hilton Ferry, D. On the banks of Tweed opposite
Spring Gardens, on
Spittal Links, and
banks beyond Hudshead. — Thompson.
3. T. majus (Greater Meadow Rue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 42;
Eng. Bot. 611;
With. iii. 664;
Berwick Flora, 121;
On the banks of Tees near
Barnardcastle, and a little above the foot of Middleton Beck, also near
Eglestone, and at
Baydales in the vicinity of
Darlington, and at
Coatham, D.
4. T. flavum (Common Meadow Rue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 42;
Eng. Bot. 367;
Berwick Flora, 121;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 172;
With. iii. 663;
On the banks of Tyne above Ovingham, N. On the banks of Wear near
Ayre's Quay, and of Team near
Lamesley, D. In moist meadows near
Hell Kettles, Darlington, D. — John Hogg, Esq.
1. ADONIS
1. A. autumnalis (Corn Pheasant's-eye or Adonis flower)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 43;
Eng. Bot. 308;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 37;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 172;
With. iii. 665;
In a potatoe-field near
Norton, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
This pretty annual has but slight claim to be considered indigenous in the north of England.
225. RANUNCULUS
1. R. flammula (Lesser Spear-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 45;
Eng. Bot. 387;
Berwick Flora, 122;
With. iii. 667;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 37;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 174;
δ reptans
Lightfoot, 289 ; fig. in title page;
α In marshy places frequent. δ by the
Loughs at Shewing Shields and
Holy Island, N. On
Alnwick Moor. — Mr. J. Davison.
2. R. Lingua (Great Spear-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 46;
Eng. Bot. 100;
Berwick Flora, 122;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 173;
Lond. t. 171;
With. iii. 668;
Robson's Flora, 199;
In ditches at
Prestwick Carr, in ponds at
Wide Haugh near Dilston, and in bogs at the
west end of Little Cow Lake, N. In the pond at
Spindlestone, N.— Dr. G. Johnston. At
Newham Lough, N. — Miss Forster, delin. Near
Darlington, D.
3. R. Ficaria (Pilewort, Lesser Celandine)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 47;
Eng. Bot. 584;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 39;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 174;
Berwick Flora, 122;
Ficaria ranunculoides
Gr. Fl. Eds. 126;
In woods and on the banks of hedges, frequent.
4. R. auricomus (Wood Crow-foot, Goldilocks)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 47;
Eng. Bot. 624;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 41;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 174;
In woods and shady places, not rare.
5. R. sceleratus (Water Crow-foot, Celery-leaved Crow-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 48;
Eng. Bot. 681;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 42;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 174;
Berwick Flora, 122;
In watery places, frequent.
6. R. bulbosus (Bulbous Crow-foot, Butter-cups)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 49;
Eng. Bot. 515;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 38;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 175;
Berwick Flora, 123;
β flore pleno. α In meadows and pastures everywhere. β in
Hulne Park, Alnwick, N.— Miss Forster, delin.
7. R. hirsutus (Pale Hairy Crow-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 50;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 40;
Eng. Bot. 1504;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 175;
With. iii. 672;
R. Philonotis
Lindley, Brit. Syn. 11;
On
St. Anthon's ballast hills, N. On
Sunderland ballast hills, D.
8. R. repens (Creeping Crow-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 51;
Eng. Bot. 516;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 38;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 175;
Berwick Flora, 123;
In moist meadows and near ditches, everywhere.
9. R. acris (Upright Bleadow Crow-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 51;
Eng. Bot. 652;
Berwick Flora, 123;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 39;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 174;
β flore pleno.
α In meadows and pastures everywhere. β in meadows at Mill-green near
Ravensworth, D.
10. R. arvensis (Corn Crow-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 52;
Eng. Bot. 135;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 36;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 175;
Berwick Flora, 123;
In corn-fields, not uncommon.
11. R. parviflorus (Small-flowered Crow-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 53;
Eng. Bot. 120;
With. iii. 670;
By the road side between Cockerton and Norton, D. — Mr. Backhouse. Its most northern locality.
12. R. hederaceus (Ivy Crow-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 54;
Eng. Bot. 2003;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 39;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 173;
Berwick Flora, 123;
In rivulets and ditches.
13. R. aquatilis (Water Crow-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 54;
Eng. Bot. 101;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 173;
Berwick Flora, 124;
β, Ray's Syn. 249;
δ 250;
R. pardothrix
Lindley, Brit. Syn. 12;
α and β In ponds and ditches, δ in rivers
226. TROLLIUS
1. T. europaeus (Globe-flower)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 56;
Eng. Bot. 28;
With. iii. 675;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 127;
Berwick Flora, 124;
In
Ravensworth woods,
Heaton Dene, and
Shipley woods, in Teesdale; also near
Belford,
Alnwick, and
Morpeth, and in most of the moist woods, and on the banks of numerous rivulets in N. and D. In moist mountainous woods, abundant. — Wallis. At
Catcherside,
Roadley, and
Long-witton, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. Near
Norton, D.— John Hogg, Esq. In moist meadows
in the vicinity of Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
227. HELLEBORUS
1. H. viridis (Green Hellebore)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 57;
Eng. Bot. 200;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 34;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 176;
With. iii. 675;
Upon the
banks of the Tees near WhorltonRev. J. Harriman. Near
Piercebridge, D. — Mr. Backhouse. In the
Abbey grounds at Alnwick, N.— Miss Forster, delin.
2. H. foetidus (Stinking Hellebore, Bear's-foot, Setter-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 58;
Eng. Bot. 613;
Woodv. t. 19;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 127;
With. iii. 676;
Upon the
banks of Tees a little below Winston Bridge, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. In a
wood on the north side of Tyne a little above the Chain Bridge near Hexham, N.— Mr. A. Hancock, Sp.
228. CALTHA
1. C. palustris (Marsh Marygold)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 59;
Eng. Bot. 506;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 40;
Berwick Flora, 125;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 176;
De Cand. Syst. i. 309;
C. radicans
Hook. Fl. Scot.;
and Gr. Fl. Eds. 127;
but not of Forster in Linn. Tr. viii. 324 t. 17;
nor of Smith in Eng. Bot. 2175;
α In marshy meadows, and by ponds and rivers. β on the margins of the Loughs near
Shewing-shields, N. On
Eglestone Fell, Teesdale, D.
I believe the late James Dickson was the only botanist who ever found Caltha radicans
wild; but in what part of Scotland I know not. It still keeps its habit, and the triangular shape of its leaves, in the Botanic Gardens of Edinburgh and Cambridge, and with Edward Forster, Esq. in Essex; and certainly is entitled to rank as a species. Our plant is only a small variety of C. palustris.
DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA
229. AJUGA
1. A. reptans (Common Bugle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 65;
Eng. Bot. 489;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 179;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 43;
Berwick Flora, 129;
In woods and moist pastures, common.
Ajuga alpina
was never found in the county of Durham. — See
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 66;
230. TEUCRIUM
1. T. Scorodonia (Wood Germander, Wood Sage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 68;
Eng. Bot. 1543;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 10;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 180;
Berwick Flora, 129;
In dry woods and on hedge banks, not rare.
2. T. Chamaedrys (Wall Germander)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 69;
Eng. Bot. 680;
Woodv. Supp. t. 243;
With iii. 684;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 180;
On old hedge banks near
Gateshead Park engine, D.
231. NEPETA
1. N. cataria (Nep, or Cat-mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 70;
Eng. Bot. t. 137;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 180;
With. iii. 686;
On hedge banks at
Ovingham,
Bywell, the
Riding, and
Tyne Green near Hexham; also in the neighbourhood of
Chirton, N. In a hedge at
Netherwarden, and about
Hexham, N Wallis, 168;. On the ruins of
Langley Hall near Witton Gilbert, at
West Boldon, and in lanes near
Sunderland and
Haughton, D.
232. VERBENA
1. V. officinalis (Common Vervain)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 71;
Eng. Bot. 767;
Woodv. Supp. t. 218;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 41;
With, iii. 687;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 190;
On the banks of
Tyne at Bywell, where it was observed by Wallis (p. 168);, at
Corbridge Mill, and the
Riding, N. Near
Stainton,
Bishopton,
Darlington, and in the west lane at
Chester-le-Street, D. Near
Norton. — John Hogg, Esq.
233. MENTHA
1. M. rotundifolia (Round-leaved Mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 74;
Eng. Bot. 446;
With. iii. 689;
M. sylvestris
Sole, Menth. 7. t. 3;
In the
lane between Pittington and Elemore where the Sunderland road turns off, D. — Rev. Jas. Dalton. Near
Ponteland, N.
2. M. viridis (Spear Mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 75;
Eng. Bot. 2424;
Woodv. Supp. t. 170;
With. iii. 689;
Sole, Menth. 11 t. 5;
Ray Syn. 1st ed., 79;
α On
the east side of the bourn in Blackstone-bank wood, four miles north of Wolsingham, D. By the Tees near Neisham, D.— Mr. Backhouse, β in neglected gardens and orchards about
Newcastle, N.
3. M. piperita (Pepper Mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 76;
Eng. Bot. 687;
Woodv. 169;
Berwick Flora, 129;
M. piperita officinalis
Sole, Menth. 15, t. 7;
M. piperita vulgaris
Sole, Menth. 19, t. 8;
α. Near
Mason Dinnington and
Stannington, N. α. and β in
Dene Lane, Castle Eden, D— Mr. Backhouse.
4. M. citrata (Bergamot Mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 78;
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 79;
M. odorata
Sole, Menth. 21, t. 9;
Eng. Bot. 1025;
With. iii. 692;
In neglected orchards and near cottage gardens, not truly indigenous.
5. M. hirsuta (Hairy Mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 78;
Eng. Bot. 447;
Hook. Lond. t. 166;
Fl. Scot. 180;
M. aquatica
major
minor
Sole, Menth. 25, t. 11;
and xxiii. t. 10;
Berwick Flora, 129;
By ditches and in watery places, not rare.
6. M. rubra (Tall Red Mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 82;
Eng. Bot. 1413;
With. iii. 695;
Berwick Flora, 130;
M. sativa
Sole, Menth. 47, t. 21;
On the
banks of Team near the High Forge, D. By the
pont above Ponteland, N. On the banks of the Gaunless, in the
Bishop's Park, Bishop-Auckland, D.— Mr. W. Backhouse.
7. M. gentilis (Bushy Red Mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 83;
Eng. Bot. 2118;
With. iii. 695;
M. rubra
Sole, Menth. 41, t. 18;
Berwick Flora, 130;
M. variegata
Sole, Menth. 43, t. 19;
α. On the banks of Team near the High Forge, D.
On the
banks of Blyth below Stannington Bridge, N. By the road side near
Winston, D. — Mr. W. Backhouse. In the bed of the
Wooler water near the Haugh Head, γ by the
side of the water course above the Carding Mill at Wooler, N Dr. G. Johnston. About villages, but scarcely wild, N. and D.
8. M. arvensis (Corn Mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 85;
Eng. Bot. 2119;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 181;
Berwick Flora, 130;
Sole, Menth. 29, t. 12;
With. iii. 697;
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 86;
With. iii. 697 var. 3;
α In corn fields about
Beamish,
Cawsey,
Urpeth, and
Darlington, D. In the vicinity of
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston. δ by ditches near the west end of
Prestwick Carr, N.
9. M. agrestis (Rugged Field Mint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 87;
Sole, Menth. 33, t. 14;
Eng. Bot, 2120;
M. arvense
Sm. Fl. Brit. 624;
With. iii. 697, var. 4;
In
Cawsey Dene, also near
Beamish, and on the
banks of Team near Lamesley, D.
10. M. Pulegium (Penny-royal)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 87;
Eng. Bot. 1026;
Sole, Menth. 51, t. 23;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 181;
With, iii. 698;
Woodv. t. 171;
On the borders of a pond at
Winston, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
234. GLECHOMA
1. G. hederacea (Ground Ivy, Gill, Ale-hoof)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 88;
Eng. Bot. 853;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. 44;
Woodv. t. 28;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 181;
Berwick Flora, 131;
On hedge banks and in shady places.
235. LAMIUM
1. L. album (White Archangel, White Dead-nettle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 89;
Eng. Bot. 763;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 45;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 181;
In waste ground, everywhere.
2. L. purpureum (Red Archangel, or Red Deadnettle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 91;
Eng. Bot. 769;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 42;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 181;
On waste ground, everywhere.
3. L. incisum (Cut-leaved Dead-nettle, or Archangel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 91;
Eng. Bot. 1933;
With. iii. 700;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 182;
Gr. Fl. Eds, 130;
Berwick Flora, 131;
In waste places about
Darlington, D. Near
Alnwick,
Belford, and
Hexham, N. In the neighbourhood of
Berwick, frequent. — Dr. G. Johnston. On
Sunderland ballast hills, D. — W. Weighell's Herb.
Probably a variety of L. purpureum.
4. L. amplexicaule (Henbit Archangel, Great Henbit)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 92;
Eng. Bot. 770;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 46;
With. iii. 701;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 130;
Berwick Flora, 131;
On hedge banks at East Morton, at the Salt Meadows near
Gateshead, and near
Whitburn and
Darlington, D. At
Norton, D. — John Hogg, Esq. On old walls near
Ovingham, also at
Wylam,
Hexham, and Alnwick, N. At
Spittal-point, N.— Thompson's Berwick Plants. About Berwick, common.— Dr. G. Johnston.
236. GALEOPSIS
1. G. Ladanum (Red Hemp-nettle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 93;
Eng. Bot. 884;
With. iii. 701;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 131;
On the Magnesian Limestone at
Whitburn,
Fulwell,
Easington, and
Castle Eden, D. Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
2. G. Tetrahit (Common Hemp-nettle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 94;
Eng. Bot. 207;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 182;
Berwick Flora, 132;
In corn, potatoe, and turnip fields, common.
3. G. versicolor (Large-flowered, Hemp-nettle, Bee-nettle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 95;
Eng. Bot. 667;
Berwick Flora, 132;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 38;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 131;
G. cannabina
With. iii. 703;
Dill. Ray Syn. 240;
α On the
banks of North Tyne at Low Park-end near Nunwick, in corn fields
between Newcastle and Jesmond, also near the
Minories, N. About
Tynemouth and
Elsdon. — Miss Emma Trevelyan. In a field at
the high end of Pandon Dene. — Wilson, Syn. 95. Near
Wooler. — Mrs. J. Johnston. Below
Langley Ford. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near
AlnwickMiss Pringle, Sp. In corn fields
between Halystone and Harbottle Castle; also on the
banks of North Tyne near Smales-mouth, N.— Wallis, 167;. In fields near
Gateshead, D. γ in corn fields
between Newcastle and Jesmond, N.
237. BETONICA
1. B. officinalis (Wood Betony)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 97;
Eng. Bot. 1142;
Woodv. t. 241;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t.33;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 183;
Berwick Flora, 132;
In woods and denes, frequent.
238. STACHYS
1. S. sylvatica (Hedge Woundwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 98;
Eng. Bot. 416;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 34;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 183;
Berwick Flora, 133;
In woods, denes, and shady hedges, common.
2. S. ambigua (Ambiguous Woundwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 99;
Eng. Bot. 2089;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 183;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 132;
In fields at
Burdon Mills, and
by the Skerne near Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse. On the
banks of Tyne near Hexham, N.
3. S. palustris (Marsh Woundwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 99;
Eng. Bot. 1675;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 35;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 183;
Berwick Flora, 133;
On the banks of rivers, and in wet meadows, frequent.
4. S. arvensis (Corn Woundwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 100;
Eng. Bot. 1154;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 41;
With. iii. 707;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 132;
Berwick Flora, 133;
In neglected gardens and on waste ground at
Hexham, in fields near
Ridley Hall, and near the
Barras Bridge, Newcastle, N. On the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. Near
Berwick.— Thompson.
239. BALLOTA
1. B. nigra (Black or Stinking Horehound)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 101;
Eng. Bot. 46;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 184;
Berwick Flora, 133;
B. alba
Linn. Sp. Pl. ii. 814;
B. nigra
Hudson, 260;
With. iii. 708, var. 2;
α On hedge banks and waste ground, frequent. β near
Hartlepool and
Castle Eden, D. Near
Morpeth, N.
240. MARRUBIUM
1. M. vulgare (White Horehound)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 103;
Woodv. t. 97;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 184;
Eng. Bot. 410;
With. iii. 708;
Berwick Flora, 133;
On
the island at Hexham Bridge, on waste ground at
Cullercoats, and on the rocks and links at
Bamborough Castle, N., at which place it was noticed by Wallis. In the lane that leads from the Bearton to the Stanton road, D.— John Hogg, Esq.
241. LEONURUS
1. L. Cardiaca (Motherwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 104;
Eng. Bot. 286;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 133;
With. iii. 709;
Naturalized in fields at
Spring Gardens near Newcastle, N. Near
Wycliffe.— Rev. J. Harriman.
242. CLINOPODIUM
1. C. vulgare (Wild Basil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 105;
Eng. Bot. 1401;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 184;
With. iii. 710;
Berwick Flora, 134;
In woods and hedges, especially in the Magnesian Limestone district.
243. ORIGANUM
1. O. vulgare (Common Marjoram)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 106;
Eng. Bot. 1143;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 39;
Woodv. t. 104;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 184;
Berwick Flora, 134;
In woods, particularly on the Magnesian Limestone.
244. THYMUS
1. T. Serpyllum (Wild Thyme, Mother of Thyme)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 107;
Eng. Bot. 1514;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 47;
Berwick Flora, 134;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 185;
ε citratumRay Syn. 231;
. α On dry heaths, frequent, ε on Basaltic heights near
Bamborough, N.— Thompson's Berwick Plants.
2. T. Acinos (Basil Thyme)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 109;
Eng. Bot. 411;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 43;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 185;
With. iii. 713;
Acinos vulgaris
Persoon, Syn. ii. 131;
In a field bordering on
East Common Wood near Hexham, N.— Mr. F. Scott, Sp. On
St. Anthon's ballast hills, N.
Between Marsden Cottage and Whitburn, D. In Middleham Lane, D.— R. Surtees, Esq.
3. T. Calamintha (Common Calamint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 109;
Eng. Bot. 1676;
With. iii. 714;
Calamintha officinalis
Hook. Br. Fl. 279;
Near
Gateshead Ropery, D. Near
Connisclifie, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
4. T. Nepeta (Lesser Calamint)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 110;
With. iii. 713;
Melissa Nepeta
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 40;
Calamintha Nepeta
Hook. Br. Fl. 280;
On the
banks of Wear by Durham Abbey.— Wilson, Syn. 97. It still grows there.
245. SCUTELLARIA
1. S. galericulata (Common Skull-cap)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 113;
Eng. Bot. 523;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 36;
With. iii. 716;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 134;
Berwick Flora, 134;
On the shore of Tyne below
St. Anthon's, also by ditches near
Hexham, N., where it was observed by Wallis. On Hoppen Bog near Alnwick.— Miss Pringle, Sp. On the
banks of Team near Team Bridge and
Urpeth, and at
Hell Kettles Near
Darlington, D. By
the Tyne below Stella, D.— Wilson's Syn. 99.
2. S. minor (Lesser Skull-cap)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 113;
Eng. Bot. 524;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 43;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 185;
On moors
south of Wolsingham, D., plentiful.— Mr. Backhouse.
246. PRUNELLA
1. P. vulgaris (Self-heal)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 114;
Eng. Bot. 961;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 42;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 185;
Berwick Flora, 134;
In meadows and pastures, frequent.
DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA
247. BARTSIA
1. B. alpina (Alpine Bartsia)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 117;
Eng. Bot. 361;
Hook. Lond. t. 87;
Fl. Scot. 186;
With. iii. 719;
By the
Whey Syke near Widdy Bank in Teesdale Forest, D. First pointed out to me by the Rev. J. Harriman.
2. B. Odontites (Red Bartsia)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 119;
Eng. Bot. 1413;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 186;
Berwick Flora, 135;
Euphrasia Odontites
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. 44;
In meadows and pastures on a wet clay soil.
248. RHINANTHUS
1. R. Crista-galli (Yellow Rattle)
Sm. Eng. Pl. iii. 120;
Eng. Bot. 657;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 43;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 186;
Berwick Flora, 135;
R. major
(Large Bushy Yellow Rattle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 121;
Berwick Flora, 135;
R. Crista-galli
With. iii. 720 var. 2;
α In meadows and pastures on poor land; β observed in 1723 by Dr. Richardson, among corn near
West Newton, N. — Dill. Ray's Syn. *284. At
Crawcrook and
Ryton, D. — Mr. R.B. Bowman. In corn fields on
StocktonCommon and other parts of the county, where the soil approaches to peat. — Mr. J. Backhouse. In fields near
Benwell,
Denton, and
Elswick, N.
249. EUPHRASIA
1. E. officinalis (Eye-bright)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 122;
Eng. Bot. 1416;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 42;
Woodv. t. 220;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 186;
Berwick Flora, 135;
On moors and mountainous pastures.
250. MELAMPYRUM
1. M. pratense (Common Yellow Cow-wheat)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 125;
Eng. Bot. 113;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 187;
Berwick Flora, 136;
M. sylvaticum
Hudson, 270;
In woods and denes, frequent. N. and D. On the
hill at Hepburn near Chillingham, and on
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. M. sylvaticum (Wood Cow-wheat)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 126;
Eng. Bot. 804;
Lightfoot, 325;
With. iii. 725;
On the
banks of Tees above Middleton, also near
Winch Bridge, and in
Shipley Wood near
Eglestone, D. In woods near
Hexham, N. — Mr. F. Scott.
I have no specimens from the latter habitat.
251. LATHRAEA
1. L. Squamaria (Greater Tooth-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 127;
Eng. Bot. 50;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 135;
With. iii. 725;
In
Shipley,
Eglestone,
Cocken, and
Lumley woods, D. Near
Pierce bridge. — Mr. Backhouse. In
Irehope Dene, Weardale, D.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In
Twizell woods. — P.J. Selby, Esq. At Break-back near Alnwick, N. — Miss Forster, delin. In the wood bottom at
the west end of the Rectory Dene at Simonburn, N.— Wallis, 234;.
252. PEDICULARIS
1. P. palustris (Marsh Louse-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 129;
Eng. Bot. 399;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 187;
Berwick Flora, 137;
In boggy meadows and marshes, common.
2. P. sylvatica (Pasture Louse-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 129;
Eng. Bot. 400;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 188;
Berwick Flora, 137;
In wet moorland pastures and on commons, frequent.
253. ANTIRRHINUM
1. A. Cymbalaria (Ivy-leaved Snapdragon)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 131;
Eng. Bot. 502;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 45;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 136;
With. iii. 728;
Linaria Cymbalaria
Lindley, Br. Syn. 191;
Naturalized on the bridge over the
Greta at Rokeby, and on walls near
Cleadon, and in
Whitburn-Lane, D.
A native of Italy, now naturalized as far north as Edinburgh.
2. A. spurium (Round-leaved Fluellin)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 131;
Eng. Bot. 691;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 37;
With. iii. 728;
Linaria spuria
Lindley, Br. Syn. 191;
On
Hebburn ballast-hills, D. On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
3. A. Elatine (Sharp-pointed Fluellin)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 132;
Eng. Bot. 692;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 46;
With. iii. 729;
Linaria Elatine
Lindley, Br. Syn. 191;
On
Sunderland and
Hebburn ballast-hills, D. On
Willington ballast-hills, N.
4. A. repens (Creeping pale-blue Toadflax)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 133;
Eng. Bot. 1253;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 188;
With. iii. 729;
Linaria repens
Lindley, Br. Syn. 191;
On
Hebburn ballast-hills, D. On
Willington ballast-hills, N.
5. A. Linaria (Common Yellow Toadflax)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 134;
Eng. Bot. 658;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 47;
Woodv. Supp. 221;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 188;
Berwick Flora, 137;
Linaria vulgaris
Lindley, Br. Syn. 191;
In dry hedges and on the borders of fields, not rare.
6. A. minus (Least Snapdragon)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 135;
Eng. Bot. 2014;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 41;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 188;
With. iii. 730;
Berwick Flora, 138;
Linaria minor
Lindley, Br. Syn. 192;
On
Fulwell hills near
Sunderland, D. By the
Union Bridge over the Tweed, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
7. A. majus (Great Snapdragon)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 135;
Eng. Bot. 129;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 189;
With. iii. 732;
Near the
Hermitage at Warkworth, N. On the walls of
Barnardcastle, and naturalized on old walls at
Kibblesworth, D.
8. A. Orontium (Lesser Snapdragon)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 136;
Eng. Bot. 1155;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 45;
With. iii. 732;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D.
254. SCROPHULARIA
1. S. nodosa (Knotty-rooted Fig-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 137;
Eng. Bot. 1544;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 189;
Berwick Flora, 138;
In denes, woods, and hedges.
2. S. aquatica (Water Fig-wort, Water Betony)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 138;
Eng. Bot. 854;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 44;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 189;
On the banks of rivers and ponds, frequent.
255. DIGITALIS
1. D. purpurea (Purple Foxglove)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 140;
Eng. Bot. t. 1297;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 48;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 189;
Woodv. t. 24;
With. iii. 736;
Berwick Flora, 138;
In dry woods and on hedge banks, very frequent in the county of Durham, but rather scarce in Northumberland. At the foot of
Scotswood Dean, and near Alemouth, N. Rare near
Berwick, but common about
Houndswood and Renton inns, near Wooler. — Dr. G. Johnston. On
Fourstone hills and among the rocks at
Tecket. The White-flowered Foxglove, by
the road under Blenkinsopp Castle, N.— Wallis, 161;.
256. LINNAEA
1. L. borealis (Two-flowered Linnaea)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 142;
Eng, Bot. 433;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 190;
Fl. Lapp. 2nd ed., 214, t. 12, f. 4;
With. iii. 737;
In an
old fir plantation at Catcherside four miles west of Wallington, N., growing with Trientalis europaea and Pyrola minor
First discovered by Miss Emma Trevelyan.
257. LIMOSELLA
1. L. aquatica (Common Mid-wort)
Sm. Eng Fl. 145;
Eng. Bot. 357;
Hook. Lond. t. 62;
Fl. Scot. 190;
With. iii. 738;
In ditches near
Cocken, D.— W. Weighell, MSS.
258. OROBANCHE
1. O. major (Greater Broom-rape)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 146;
Eng. Bot. 421;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 44;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 138;
With. iii. 739;
Sutton, Linn. Tr. iv. 175;
In
Scotswood dene, N. Near
Beamish,
Urpeth,
Cawsey Wood, and
Derwent Bridge, D. Near
Staindrop. — Rev. J. Harriman; and in
Raby Park. — Mr. E. Robson; among furze on
Fourstone hills near Hexham. — Wallis, 233;; at
Ellingham. — P.J. Selby, Esq.; on
Bothal banks, where it was observed by Turner. — Miss Emma Trevelyan; near
Alnwick, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
2. O. elatior (Tall Broom-rape)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 147;
Eng. Bot. 568;
With. iii. 739;
Sutton, Linn. Tr. iv. 178 t. 17;
Near
Ellemore and
not far from the gates of Burn Hall, D Rev. J. Dalton.
TETRADYNAMIA SILICULOSA
259. DRABA
1. D. verna (Common Whitlow-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 158;
Eng. Bot. 586;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 49;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 196;
Berwick Flora, 141;
On walls, banks, and dry places.
2. D. incana (Twisted-podded Whitlow-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 160;
Eng. Bot. 388 (bad);
Hook. Fl. Scot. 197;
With. iii. 751;
On walls and Limestone rocks
north of Middleton, D. Upon
Cronkley Fell, Teesdale.
260. CAMELINA
1. C. sativa (Gold of Pleasure)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 164;
Hook. Lond. t. 70;
Fl. Scot. 198;
Alyssum sativum
With. iii. 774;
In fields
between Newcastle and Jesmond, on newly broken up ground, N. On the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D.
261. LEPIDIUM
1. L. latifolium (Broad-leaved Pepperwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 165;
Eng. Bot. 182;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 140;
With. iii. 753;
On the
cliffs between Prior's Haven and Tynemouth Castle, N. Near
Seaton, and by
the Wear near Durham Abbey, D. In
Limestone quarries at Hartlepool, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. On the banks of hedges at the
Hermitage near Hexham, N. — Mr. F. Scott. I have no specimen from this locality.
2. L. ruderale (Narrow-leaved Pepperwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 165;
Eng. Bot. 1595;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 194;
With. iii. 753;
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N. On the
ballast-hills above South Shields; and at
Hartlepool, D.
3. L. campestre (Common Mithridate Pepperwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 166;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 195;
Berwick Flora, 141;
Thlaspi campestre
Eng. Bot. 1385;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 45;
With. iii. 754 and var. 2;
On hedge banks and in corn fields, not rare.
4. L. Smithii (Smooth Field Pepperwort)
Hook. Brit. Fl. 297;
L. hirtum
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 167;
Thlaspi hirtum
Eng. Bot. 1803;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 195;
With. iii. 755;
On hedge banks
between Newcastle and Jesmond, also in
Heaton Dene, and
between Paradise and Scotswood, N.
I have specimens of Lepidium hirtum
of the continental botanists, but gathered on the
Sunderland ballast-hills, and probably an exotic.
262. TEESDALIA
1. T. nudicaulis (Naked-stalked or Irregular Teesdalia)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 170;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 194;
Berwick Flora, 141;
Iberis nudicaulis
Eng. Bot. 327;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 42;
Dicks. Hort. Sicc. Fasc. i. 10;
With. iii. 763;
On
Wall-town Crags near Wall-town. — Rev. A. Hedley, Sp. In
the vale between Middleton and Langley Ford, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
263. THLASPI
1. T. arvense (Penny Cross, Smooth Mithridate Mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 171;
Eng. Bot. 1659;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 43;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 139;
With, iii. 754;
Berwick Flora, 141;
In corn fields near
Gateshead, D. In
Heaton Dene, below Rennoldson's Mill-race, N. In
Ord fields, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. T. alpestre (Alpine Shepherd's Purse)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 172;
Eng. Bot. 81;
With. iii. 756;
Hook. Br. Fl. 295;
Near
Winch Bridge, above Middleton-in-Teesdale, D.
Near Nentwater, on old lead mine heaps, N.
Both these habitats are on the Encrinal Limestone, and are its most northern places of growth.
3. T. Bursa Pastoris (Common Shepherd's Purse)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 173;
Eng. Bot. 1485;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 50;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 194;
Berwick Flora, 141;
Caspella Bursa Pastoris
De Cand;
Hook. Br. Fl. 295;
By way sides and hedge banks, everywhere.
264. COCHLEARIA
1. C. officinalis (Common Scurvy-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 175;
Eng. Bot. 551;
Woodv. t. 29;
Berwick Flora, 142;
Hook. Lond. 148;
Fl. Scot. 195;
Brit. Fl. 175;
With. iii. 759 var. 2;
α. On rocks and marshy places on the sea coast, common. and on the shores of Tyne, Wear, Tees, &c; on the
Fern Islands, abundant. also naturalized
on rocks at Harnham, N. β on wet ground near
the Whey Sike House, and at
Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D. In wet places near
Coal Cleugh, N.
2. C. anglica (English Scurvy-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 176;
Eng. Bot. 552;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 195;
With. iii. 760;
On the shores of Tyne, at
the mouth of Coble Dene near North Shields, and on
Holy Island, N. By the river Wear, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
3. C. danica (Danish Scurvy-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 177;
Eng. Bot. 696;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 141;
With. iii. 760;
Berwick Flora, 142;
On the sea coast beyond
Cullercoats, and on
Willington ballast-hills, N. On
the Pinnacles, one of the Fern Islands, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. On
the coast north of Tynemouth, — Mr. J. Thornhill.
4. C. Armoracia (Horse-raddish)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 177;
Eng. Bot. 2323;
Woodv. t. 150;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 141;
With. iii. 761;
On the
banks of Team near Dunston, and of
Skerne near Darlington, D.
Ray observes, we found it plentifully about Alnwick and elsewhere, in Northumberland, in the ditches and by the water sides. — Dill. Ray's Syn. 301.
265. SENEBIERA
1. S. Coronopus (Common Wart-cress, Swine's-cress)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 179;
Berwick Flora, 142;
Coronopus Ruellii
Eng. Bot. 1660;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 193;
With. iii. 762;
By way sides and on waste ground, but not very common. Near
Berwick, and on
Holy Island. — Dr. G. Johnston. At Alemouth, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
2. S. didyma (Lesser Wart-cress, Procumbent Pepperwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 180;
Coronopus didyma
With. iii. 762;
Fl. Brit. 691;
Lepidium didymum
Eng. Bot. 248;
L. anglicum
Hudson, 280;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. Near
Hartlepool, D.
266. IBERIS
1. I. amara (Bitter Candy-tuft)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 181;
Eng. Bot. 52;
With. iii. 763;
In fields on the
banks of Tyne near Hexham Bridge, and at
Hoferd banks, N.
Probably introduced with corn.
267. ISATIS
1. I. tinctoria (Woad)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 182;
Eng. Bot. 97;
With. iii. 747;
On the
banks of Wear between Framwellgate and the New Bridge, D., where it was noticed by S. Robson. — See Flora, 129. Cultivated in the fields near
Newburn. N. On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D.
268. CAKILE
1. C. maritima (Purple Sea Rocket)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 183;
Hook. Lond. t. 160;
Berwick Flora, 142;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 139;
Bunias Cakile
Eng. Bot. 231;
With. iii. 746;
On the sandy sea-beach, frequent.
TETRADYNAMIA SILIQUOSA
269. CARDAMINE
1. C. hirsuta (Hairy Ladies'-smock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 188;
Eng. Bot. 492;
Berwick Flora, 143;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 48;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 199;
C. flexuosa
With. iii. 766;
In moist shady woods and by rivulets, not rare.
2. C. pratensis (Meadow Ladies'-smock, Cuckow Flower)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 189;
Eng. Bot. 770;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 40;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 198;
Woodv. t. 30;
Berwick Flora, 143;
β Var. flore pleno.
α In moist meadows and pastures; β on
Newcastle Town Moor, N. In
Cat Dene above Bill Quay, on the Tyne, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill, jun.
The leaflets of var. β, fall off and become viviparous.
3. C. amara (Bitter Ladies'-smock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 190;
Eng. Bot. 1000;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 39;
With. iii. 768;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 142;
Berwick Flora, 144;
In moist woods near
Newcastle,
Hexham,
Morpeth, and
Alnwick, N; and in similar situations in the county of Durham, not rare. In the vicinity of
Berwick, rare. — Dr. G. Johnston. In Teesdale, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
270. NASTURTIUM
1. N. officinale (Common Water Cress)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 192;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 201;
Berwick Flora, 144;
Sisymbrium Nasturtium
Eng. Bot. 855;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 44;
Woodv. t. 48;
In springs and rivulets, but not very common near
Newcastle.
2. N. sylvestre (Creeping Yellow Cress)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 193;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 201;
Berwick Flora, 144;
Sisymbrium sylvestre
Eng. Bot. 2324;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 41;
With. iii. 769;
On the
banks of Team near the Red Heugh, D. On the
banks of the Derwent between Swalwell and the TyneMr. R.B. Bowman. Near
Norton Bridge, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. On the
shores of Tyne below Benwell, N. By the
Tweed at the Union Bridge. — Dr. G. Johnston; and
above West Ord, N. — Dr. Thompson.
3. N. terrestre (Annual Yellow Cress)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 193;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 201;
Berwick Flora, 145;
Sisymbrium terrestre
Eng. Bot. 1747;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 49;
With. iii. 770;
On the
borders of Prestwick Carr, N. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. By the sides of
Tweed from West Ord to Norham, and in ponds at Calf Hill and
Cow-port, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. N. amphibium (Amphibious Yellow Cress, Great Water Radish)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 195;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 201;
Sisymbrium amphibium
Eng. Bot. 1840;
With. iii. 769;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. — W. Weighell's Herb.
271. SISYMBRIUM
1. S. officinale (Common Hedge-mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 196;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 202;
Berwick Flora, 145;
Erysimum officinale
Eng. Bot. 735;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 50;
Woodv. t. 244;
By road sides and on waste ground, everywhere.
2. S. Irio (London Rocket)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 197;
Eng. Bot. 1631;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 48;
With. iii. 773;
Ray's Syn. 298;
Berwick Flora, 145;
On the
Ramparts of Berwick-upon-Tweed, where it was observed by Ray. Most abundant at the Piergate. — Dr. G. Johnston.
The only locality in the north.
3. S. Sophia (Flix-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 197;
Eng. Bot. 963;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 145;
With. iii. 772;
Berwick Flora, 145;
Near
Scotswood and
Ovingham, and on
Holy Island, also about
Belford and
Alnwick, N. On rubbish at
West Boldon and
Cleadon, D. About
East Ord,
Etal, and
Bamborough, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
272. BARBAREA
1. B. vulgaris (Yellow Rocket, Bitter Winter-cress)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 198;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 200;
Berwick Flora, 145;
Erysimum Barbarea
Eng. Bot. 443;
On the banks of rivulets and in marshy meadows.
2. B. praecox (Early Winter Cress)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 199;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 201;
Berwick Flora, 146;
Erysimum praecox
Eng. Bot. var. 2, 1129;
E. officinalis
With. iii. 774;
On a hedge side between
Wooler and Earl, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
Probably the out-cast of a garden.
273. ERYSIMUM
1. E. cheiranthoides (Treacle Hedge-mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 200;
Eng. Bot. 942;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 202;
With. iii. 775;
In
Heaton Dene near Rennoldson's Mill, and on hedge banks at the
Minories near Newcastle, N. On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. — W. Weighell's Herb.
2. E. Alliaria (Garlick Hedge-mustard, Jack by the hedge, Sauce alone)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 201;
Eng. Bot, 796;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 48;
Woodv. Supp. t. 245;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 202;
Berwick Flora, 146;
Under hedges and in shady places, common.
3. E. orientale (Hare's-ear Treacle-mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 202;
Hook. Br. Fl. 300;
Brassica orientalis
Eng. Bot. 1804;
With. iii. 782;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. On
ballast-hills at Bishopwearmouth, D. — Rev. J. Symons, also in W. Weighell's Herb.
274. CHEIRANTHUS
1. C. Cheiri (Wall-flower)
Hudson, 287;
Lindley, Syn. 22;
Hook. Br. Fl. 307;
Lond. Fl. t. 147;
C. fruticulosus
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 203;
Eng. Bot. 1934;
Berwick Flora, 146;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 202;
With. iii. 776;
On the ruins of
Dawdon Hall, and on the Magnesian Limestone rocks at
Southwick, D. On
Lindisfern Priory, and on rocks at
Tynemouth, N. On the
ruins of castles near Berwick, and on
Spindlestone rocks. — Dr. G. Johnston.
275. HESPERIS
1. H. matronalis (Common Dame's-violet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. 207;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 146;
H. inodora
Eng. Bot. 731;
With. iii. 778;
In meadows near
Chester-le-Street, D.— G. T. Fox, Esq. In the
Duke of Northumberland's woods and plantations about Alnwick, N.
Probably not truly indigenous in these counties.
276. ARABIS
1. A. thaliana (Common Wall-cress)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 209;
Eng. Bot. 901;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 49;
With. iii. 779;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 199;
Berwick Flora, 146;
On walls near
Ovingham, near
Wooler, and on the
ruins of Shewing-shields, also at
Wark and
Norham Castles, N. On
Kyloe rocks and
near the chain-bridge at Horncliffe, N.— Dr. G. Johnston. On the
ruins of the Roman station at Lanchester, of
Finchale Abbey, and on walls in Weardale and Teesdale, D.
2. A. hirsuta (Hairy Wall-cress)
Gr. Fl. Eds. 143;
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 213;
Turrilis hirsuta
Eng. Bot. 587;
With. iii. 781;
On
Painsher and
Fulwell hills, in
Castle Eden Dene, also near
Eglestone and
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. On the
south side of Boldon,
Tunstall, and
Cleadon Hills, D.— Mr. R. Waugh and Mr. J. Thornhill. On the
Roman Wall near Shewing-shields, on rocks at
Kirkwhelpington and on hedge banks
between Anick Grange and Corbridge, also near
Rothbury, N. On an old wall at
Colwell by the Chollerton road to Wallington, N. — Wallis, 219;. Near
Hulne Abbey, Alnwick, N.— Miss Pringle, Sp.
277. TURRITIS
1. T. glabra (Smooth Tower-mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 215;
Eng. Bot. 777;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 47;
With. iii. 781;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 200;
On the banks of hedges between
Anick Grange and
Hexham, and on walls near
Ovingham, N. Near
Gainford, in hedges not far from the turnpike-gate, D.
Wallis, at p. 218;, gives Crag Close near Barwesford as a locality of Cardamine pumilaBellidis folia alpina — Dill. Ray Syn, 300; which Smith refers to Arabis stricta
of the English Flora, iii. 210, but with a mark of doubt. Gerard's figure, 260, quoted in~Ray's work, according to Smith, belongs to a foreign species, Arabis pumila
of Jaquin; Arabis nutans
of Willdenow's Species Plantarum, iii. 537. I suspect Turritis glabra
must have been the plant gathered by the historian of Northumberland in Crag Close.
278. BRASSICA
1. B. Napus (Rape, Navew, or Cole-seed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 217;
Eng. Bot. 2146;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 203;
Berwick Flora, 147;
On ditch banks and waste ground.
2. B. Rapa (Turnip)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 217;
Eng. Bot. 2176;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 203;
Berwick Flora, 147;
Naturalized on the borders of fields.
3. B. campestris (Common Wild Navew)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 218;
Eng. Bot. 2234;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 203;
With. iii. 782;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. This plant, so common by the Thames, does not appear to be truly a native of these counties.
4. B. oleracea (Sea Cabbage)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 219;
Eng. Bot. 637;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 203;
With. iii. 784;
Upon the patch of Magnesian Limestone rock on the
north side of Tynemouth Castle, N. Near
Monkwearmouth, D.
279. SINAPIS
1. S. arvensis (Charlock, Wild Mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 221;
Eng. Bot. 1748;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 47;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 204;
Berwick Flora, 147;
In corn fields and on waste ground, common.
2. S. alba (White Mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 222;
Eng. Bot. 1677;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 46;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 204;
Berwick Flora, 147;
In fields and by road sides.
3. S. nigra (Common Mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 222;
Eng. Bot. 969;
Woodv. t. 151;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 204;
Berwick Flora, 147;
On waste ground and in fields.
4. S. tenuifolia (Narrow-leaved Wall Mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 223;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 204;
Berwick Flora, 148;
Sisymbrium tenuifolium
Eng. Bot. 525;
With. iii. 771;
Brassica muralis
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 38;
Hudson, 290;
On rocks at
Tynemouth, and on the ruins of the Castle, N. On the
sea banks near Marsden Rocks, and at
Southwick, D. On the walls of
Berwick, where it was observed by Ray.— Dr. G. Johnston.
5. S. muralis (Sand Mustard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 224;
Sisymbrium murale
Eng. Bot. 1090;
With. iii. 772;
On
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N.
Introduced from the south of England.
289. RAPHANUS
1. R. Raphanistrum (Wild Radish, Jointed Charlock)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 226;
Eng. Bot. 856;
Curt. Fasc. iv. t. 46;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 204;
Berwick Flora, 148;
In corn fields, common.
MONADELPHIA PENTANDRIA
281. ERODIUM
1. E. cicutarium (Hemlock Stork's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 229;
Eng. Bot. 1768;
Berwick Flora, 150;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 205;
Geranium cicutarium
Curt. Fasc. i. t. 51;
With. iii. 803;
α. On waste ground. β and γ on the sea coast abundant, N. and D.
Between the Glass Houses and Dent's Hole, near Newcastle.— Wilson's Syn. 243. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. E. maritimum (Sea Stork's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 231;
Eng. Bot. 646;
Geranium maritimum
Hudson, 301;
With. iii. 799;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA
282. GERANIUM
1. G. phaeum (Dusky Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 232;
Eng. Bot. 322;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 200;
With. iii. 798;
In
Lumley woods near
Chester-le-Street, D. — G. T. Fox, Esq. Probably planted there. In woods about
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson; Turner and Dillwyn's Guide, 253 The late Mr. E. R. assured me that this was an error. Naturalized in Mr. Cook's woods at
Newton-on-the-Moor, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
2. G. sylvaticum (Wood Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 234;
Eng. Bot. 121;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 149;
With. iii. 795;
Berwick Flora, 151;
In woods and denes, also in subalpine meadows, N. and D.
3. G. pratense (Crow-foot-leaved Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 235;
Eng. Bot. 404;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 49;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 149;
With. iii. 799;
Berwick Flora, 151;
In moist meadows and on the banks of rivers, N. and D. By the
river Aln, near Alnwick. — Mr. J. Davison. Varieties with white flowers striped with purple and with red. In a
hilly pasture on the north side of the rectory-house at Simonburn, N. — Wallis, 170;.
4. G. robertianum (Stinking Crane's-bill, Herb Robert)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 235;
Eng. Bot. 1486;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 52;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 207;
Berwick Flora, 151;
Hudson, 305;
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 230;
G. purpureum
Eng. Bot. 2648;
G. Raii
Lindley, Syn. 57;
Dill. Ray, Syn. 358;
α In denes, woods, and by hedges, common. β on the sands of the sea beach, not rare.
5. G. lucidum (Shining Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 236;
Eng. Bot. 75;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 151;
With. iii. 800;
Berwick Flora, 151;
On walls and hedge banks from Middleton-in-Teesdale to Darlington, also by the
road side between Stanhope and Chapel-in-Weardale, D. At
Cocken. — Rev. J. Symonds, At
Gainsford, D. — .J Hogg, Esq. At
Honey-cleugh near Chesterwood, at
Nent Force, and by hedge sides at the
21 mile-stone near Chollerford, N. At the
east end of Walwick by the military road. — Wallis, 171;. On a wall
near Ratcheugh Crag near Alnwick. — Mr. J. Davison;
and
Belford Crag, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
6. G. molle (Dove's-foot Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 237;
Eng. Bot. 778;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 50;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 207;
Berwick Flora, 151;
On cultivated and waste ground, and by way sides.
7. G. pusillum (Small-flowered Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 238;
Eng. Bot. 385;
Berwick Flora, 152;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 152;
G. parviflorum
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 36;
G. malvaefolium
With. iii. 697 var. 1;
In
lanes near Darlington, and on
Hebburn Quay, D. In the
lane near Anick Grange, Hexham, N. — Mr. F. Scott. From this locality I have no specimen.
8. G. pyrenaicum (Mountain Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 239;
Eng. Bot. 405;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 42;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 206;
With. iii. 793;
For many years naturalized on old
ballast-hills at Hebburn Quay, D.
9. G. rotundifolium (Round-leaved Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 240;
Eng. Bot. 157;
Lightfoot, 1106;
With, iii. 800;
On hedge banks at the Salt-meadows near
Gateshead, D. On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.− Mr. E. Robson. In the
lane near Anick Grange, Hexham, N.— Mr. F. Scott.
From this locality I have no specimen.
10. G. dissectum (Jagged-leaved Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 241;
Eng. Bot. 753;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 45;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 208;
Berwick Flora, 152;
On the banks of hedges and in fallow fields, frequent.
11. G. columbinum (Long -stalked Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 241;
Eng. Bot. 259;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 151;
With. iii. 796;
On
Walltown Crags and on
Willington ballast-hills, N. On the
crags at Gunnerton. — Mr. Wm. Robertson. In the
lane near Anick Grange, Hexham, N. — Mr. F. Scott. [No specimen.] On
Cleadon Hills, and at
Conniscliffe near Darlington, D.
12. G. sanguincum (Bloody Crane's-bill)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 242;
Eng. Bot. 272;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 206;
Lond. t. 155;
With. iii. 792;
Berwick Flora, 152;
In the
lower part of Castle Eden Dene, and on the
coast at Easington,
Seaton, and
Hartlepool, D. On the links near
Hartley and
Blyth, at
Dunstanborough, and on
Holy Island; also
between Cresswell and Druridge, where it was noticed by Wallis. On the
sea banks beyond Hudshead, on the links from
Scremmerston southward, and in Ashwood near
Belford, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA
283. MALVA
1. M. sylvestris (Common Mallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 245;
Eng. Bot. 671;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 51;
Woodv. t. 54;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 208;
Berwick Flora, 152;
About hedges and by road sides, common.
2. M. rotundifolia (Dwarf Mallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 246;
Eng. Bot. 1092;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 43;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 208;
Berwick Flora, 153;
On waste grounds, near villages, and by footpaths.
3. M. moschata (Musk Mallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 247;
Eng. Bot. 754;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 50;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 209;
With. iii. 808;
Berwick Flora, 153;
n the borders of fields and by road sides, but not very common, N. and D. Near
Alnwick and
Belford, N.
Fisher's Mains on the Tweed. — Dr. G. Johnson.
284. LAVATERA
1. L. arborea (Tree Mallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 248;
Eng. Bot. 1841;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 153;
With. iii. 808;
On
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N.
DIADELPHIA HEXANDRIA
285. FUMARIA
1. F. lutea (Yellow Fumitory)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 253;
Eng. Bot. 588;
With. iii. 815;
Cordyalis lutea
Hook. Br. Fl. 316;
Naturalized on old walls at
Netherwitton and on rocks at
Harnham, N.
2. F. claviculata (White Climbing Fumitory)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 254;
Eng. Bot. 103;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 211;
Berwick Flora, 156;
With. iii. 817;
Cordyalis claviculata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 153;
In hedges near
Beamish,
Greencroft, and
Durham, and on rocks
between Eglestone and Staindrop, D. In
Heaton Dene, among bushes on the
banks of Ouseburn, and on
Newcastle Town Moor; also on the
Oakwood banks near Hexham, N. On
Roadley and
Great Waney-house Crags. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On rocks
above Tecket Water-fall, and at
Little Waney-house Crags. — Wallis, 166;. Among the rocks at
Longridge Dene. — Dr. G. Johnston. On
Alnwick Moor. — Mr. J. Davison; and
Heckley Crags, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
4. F. officinalis (Common Fumitory)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 255;
Eng. Bot. 589;
Berwick Flora, 156;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 52;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 210;
Woodv. t. 88;
In corn fields, gardens, and hedges, but by no means frequent.
5. F. capreolata (Ramping Fumitory)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 256;
Eng. Bot. 943;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 47;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 210;
With. iii. 816 t. 30 (bad);
In hedges, common. N. and D.
DIADELPHIA OCTANDRIA
286. POLYGALA
1. P. vulgaris (Milkwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 258;
Eng. Bot. 76;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 211;
Berwick Flora, 157;
In dry heathy pastures and on moors, common.
DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA
287. SPARTIUM
1. S. scoparium (Common Broom)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 261;
Eng. Bot. 1339;
Berwick Flora, 157;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 52;
Woodv. t. 89;
Genista scoparia
Hook. Fl. Scot. 211;
Cytisus scoparius
Br. Fl. 319;
In dry fields, denes, and on the borders of woods, frequent. but by no means common near the sea coast.
288. GENISTA
1. G. tinctoria (Dyer's Green-weed, Wood-waxen)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 263;
Eng. Bot. 44;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 154;
With. iii. 820;
On gravelly banks and in dry pastures, not very common. On the sea coast,
near the Spanish Battery, Tynemouth, N.
2. G. anglica (Needle Green-weed, Petty Whin)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 264;
Eng. Bot. 132;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 155;
With. iii. 821;
On heaths and moors, but not very common. On
Gateshead Fell, D; and
Newcastle Town Moor, N.
Near Harbottle, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On
Doddington Moor and
between Wooler and Belford, N Dr. G. Johnston.
289. ULEX
1. U. europaeus (Common Furze, Whin, or Gorse)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 265;
Eng. Bot. 742;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 212;
Berwick Flora, 158;
On dry moors and commons, frequent.
2. U. nanus (Dwarf Furze)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 266;
Eng. Bot. 743;
With. iii. 822;
On
Durham Moor. — Rev. J. Symons.
The Dwarf Furze is common on the Chalk Downs of the south of England, but I never observed it in the north.
290. ONONIS
1. O. arvensis (Common Rest-harrow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 267;
Lightfoot, 386;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 212;
O. spinosa
Linn. Sp. Pl. 1006;
With. iii. 823;
O. antiquorum
Eng. Bot. p. 2659;
O. arvensis
Eng. Bot. t. 682;
O. repens
Linn. Sp. Pl. 1006;
O. arvensis
Eng. Bot. 2659;
Berwick Flora, 159;
α By the borders of fields. β by the
road side near Hebburn, D. γ on the sea coast of Northumberland and Durham, frequent.
291. ANTHYLLIS
1. A. vulneraria (Kidney-vetch, Ladies'-finger)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 269;
Eng. Bot. 104;
With. iii. 825;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 155;
Berwick Flora, 159;
On the Magnesian Limestone, D., not rare. On the coast near
Cullercoats and
Hartley, also in the vicinity of
Belford and
Alnwick, N. By the Tweed and on the
sea coast near Berwick. — Dr. Thompson.
292. OROBUS
1. O. tuberosus (Common Orobus, Heath Pea)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 272;
Eng. Bot. 1153;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 53;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 213;
Berwick Flora, 159;
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 272;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 213;
O. tenuifolius
Roth. Germ. i. 305;
Don. Wern. Trans, iii. 301;
α. In woods and on moors, and mountainous pastures. β near Kingswood, N. — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp. On the banks of
Beldon Bourn above Blanchland, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
A remarkably broad-leaved variety, but without flowers, was gathered near
Featherstone Castle, N., by W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
293. LATHYRUS
1. L. Aphaca (Yellow Lathyrus, or Vetchling)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 274;
Eng. Bot. 1167;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 51;
With. iii. 829;
On
Willington ballast-hills, N. On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
2. L. Nissolia (Crimson Vetchling, Grass Vetch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 275;
Eng. Bot. 112;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 51;
With. iii. 829;
In the time of Lawson this plant grew between the Glass Houses and Dent's Hole, Newcastle. — Ray's Syn. 132.
3. L. hirsutus (Rough-podded Lathyrus)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 275;
Eng. Bot. 1255;
With. iii. 830;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
4. L. pratensis (Common Yellow Lathyrus, Meadow Vetchling)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 276;
Eng. Bot. 670;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 44;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 213;
Berwick Flora, 160;
In hedges, meadows, and pastures, frequent.
294. VICIA
1. V. sylvatica (Wood Vetch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 277;
Eng. Bot. 805;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 52;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 157;
With, iii. 833;
Berwick Flora, 160;
In woods near
Barnardcastle and
Whorlton, in Stotley Gill near Eglestone, in
Castle Eden Dene, on rocks by the
Tyne above Hebburn, and in the
wood opposite St. Peter's Quay, D. In
Cat Dene above Bill Quay, on the Tyne. — Mr. J. Thornhill, jun. — By
Bolts Bourn near Stanhope-in-Weardale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. — In
Bella Wood by the Wear near Durham. — Wilson's Syn. 203;. In
woods near Hexham, in
Ramshaw and
Tecket woods on North Tyne, and on the
banks of Irthing near Wardrew Spaw, N. In
Roddam Dene. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In the
Rectory Wood by the brook at Simonburn. — Wallis, 105;. On the
banks of Tweed beyond Ord Mill. — Dr. Thompson. In the hedge of the wood between Hawk's Hill and the waggon-way near Alnwick. — Mr. F. Manisty; also in Callas Wood. — Miss Pringle. In
Cauldedge Park, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
2. V. Cracca (Tufted Vetch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 280;
Eng. Bot. 1168;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 54;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 214;
Berwick Flora, 160;
In hedges, thickets, and meadows.
3. V. sativa (Common Vetch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 281;
Eng. Bot. 334;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 215;
Berwick Flora, 160;
Ray Syn. 321;
With. iii. 835, var. 2;
V. angustifolia
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 282;
Sibthorp, 224;
Eng. Bot. 2614;
V. sativa
With. iii. 835 var. 3;
V. sativa
Fl. Brit. 770;
α On cultivated land. β on barren ground, γ on the sea banks
between South Shields and Whitburn D. At
Cullercoats,
Newbiggin, and on
Ratcheugh Crag, near Alnwick, N.
4. V. lathyroides (Spring Vetch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 283;
Eng. Bot. 30;
With. iii. 837;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 157;
Berwick Flora, 161;
At the
salt meadows below Gateshead, D. On the Heugh at
Holy Island, on
Chapel Hill near Belford, and other Basaltic heights between it and Bamborough, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
5. V. sepium (Bush Vetch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 286;
Eng. Bot. 1515;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 215;
Berwick Flora, 161;
Ray Syn. 321;
α. In hedges and denes, common. β in hedges between
Ryhope and
Sunderland, D.
6. V. bithynica (Rough-podded Purple Vetch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 287;
Eng. Bot. 1842;
With, iii. 839;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
295. ERVUM
1. E. tetraspermum (Smooth Tare)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 288;
Eng. Bot. 1223;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 55;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 216;
In hedges and corn fields near
Newcastle, N. Near
Lambton and
Darlington, D. At
Norton,
Billingham, and
Wynyard. — J. Hogg, Esq.
2. E. hirsutum (Hairy Tare)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 289;
Eng. Bot. 970;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 54;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 216;
Berwick Flora, 161;
In fields and meadows, common.
296. ORNITHOPUS
1. O. perpusillus (Common Bird's-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 290;
Eng. Bot. 369;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 53;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 158;
With. iii. 840;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills and on dry banks near
Urpeth, D.
297. HIPPOCREPIS
1. H. comosa (Tufted Horse-shoe Vetch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 291;
Eng. Bot. 31;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 216;
With. iii. 841;
On
Cronkley Fell, Teesdale.— Mr. J. Backhouse, Sp.
298. HEDYSARUM
1. H. Onobrychis (Saint-foin)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 292;
Eng. Bot. 96;
With. iii. 842;
In fields near
Ryhope and on
Harton-down Hill. On the Magnesian Limestone. In a field at the
Salt Meadows near Gateshead, D., probably introduced by ballast.— Mr. John Thornhill, jun.
299. ASTRAGALUS
1. A. glycyphyllos (Sweet Milk Vetch, Wild Liquorice)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 294;
Eng. Bot. 203;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 217;
With. iii. 844;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 159;
Berwick Flora, 161;
On the
banks of Wear near Durham, in
Pella Wood, at
Baydales near Darlington, and on the
banks of Tees a little below the Abbey Bridge near Barnardcastle, D.
Below Low Conniscliffe, D — S. Robson, Flora, 135. On the
banks of Tyne above Ovingham, and at
the Hermitage near Hexham, N. At
Newburn. — Wilson, Syn. 207. On
a hill called Cockle Hill, at Learmouth near Cornhill, upon
the ramparts at Wark Castle on the Tweed, by
the road to Carham, in hilly pastures at
Manylaws under Flodden Hill, and in
Warden Banks near Hexham.— Wallis, 106;. On the
sea banks at Budle, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
2. A. hypoglottis (Purple Mountain Milk Vetch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. 294;
Eng. Bot. 274;
Sibth. 227;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 159;
With. iii. 843;
Berwick Flora, 161;
On the sandy banks of the
sea coast near Whitburn,
South Shields,
Seaton Carew, and
Blackwell Hall, six miles from Hartlepool, D.
Near the mouth of Tees, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. On the
summit of Ratcheugh Crag near Alnwick, and on the
links at Tynemouth,
Dunstanborough,
Holy Island,
Budle,
Bamborough,
Beadnel, and north of
Newbiggin, N. At
Spittal Point and banks to the southward, also on the links below
Scremmerston. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
300. MELILOTUS
1. M. officinalis (Common Melilot)
Hook. Br. Fl. 327;
Trifolium officinale
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 297;
Eng. Bot. 1340;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 217;
With. iii. 846;
Berwick Flora, 162;
In corn fields near
Hetton,
Houghton-le-Spring,
Painsher, and
Lumley, D. Near
Whitley and
Seaton, N. On the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, abundant. N. and D. On the
banks of the Wansbeck near Ashington, and near the
bathing well at Cornhill, N. — Wallis, 197;. On the
sea banks Near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. M. leucantha (White-flowered Melilot)
Hook. Br. Fl. 327;
Trifolium germanicum
Smith in Rees's Cyclop.— ;
See With. iii. 847;
M. officinarum germaniae
flore albo
Tournef. Inst. 407;
On
Willington ballast-hills, N. At the
Salt Meadows below Gateshead, D. Most probably introduced from the continent with ballast. Linnaeus might be correct in considering it a white-flowered variety of the common Melilot.
301. TRIFOLIUM
1. T. repens (White Trefoil, Dutch Clover)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 299;
Eng. Bot. 1769;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 46;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 218;
Berwick Flora, 162;
In meadows, pastures, and on reclaimed ground upon moors, common.
Variety, with elongated flower-stalks, segments of the calyx leafy, and flowers pale red. Near
Westoe and
Marsden, D. On
Holy Island, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. T. subterraneum (Subterraneous Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 300;
Eng. Bot. 1045;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 54;
With. iii. 848;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. W. Weighell's Herb.
3. T. ochroleucum (Sulphur-coloured Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 301;
Eng. Bot. 1224;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 49;
With. iii. 854;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D W. Weighell's Herb.
4. T. pratense (Common Purple Clover, Honeysuckle Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 302;
Eng. Bot. 1770;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 218;
Berwick Flora, 163;
In meadows and pastures, common.
5. T. medium (Zig-zag Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 302;
Eng. Bot. 190;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 218;
Berwick Flora, 163;
On dry banks and barren places, frequent.
6. T. maritimum (Teasel-headed Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 303;
Eng. Bot. 220;
Hook. Lond. t. 57;
With. iii. 855;
On
Willington ballast-hills, N. On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
7. T. arvense (Hare's-foot Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 305;
Eng. Bot. 944;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 50;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 218;
With. iii. 851;
Berwick Flora, 164;
On the banks at
Friar's Goose near
Gateshead, on
Fulwell and
Tunstall hills near Sunderland, and near
Seaton, D. On the
bank of Till near Wooler, and near
Barwesford, N. Near
Bamborough and in the bed of
Wooler Water, also on the
Heugh at Holy Island, and
Chapel Hill near Belford.— Thompson's Berwick Plants. At
Ingram, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
8. T. scabrum (Rough Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 306;
Eng. Bot. 903;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 48;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 161;
With, iii. 849;
Berwick Flora, 164;
In
Bishopwearmouth Paddock near Sunderland, D. On rocks at
Holy Island, N.
9. T. glomeratum (Round-headed Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 307;
Eng. Bot. 1063;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 51;
With. iii. 849;
On the
ballast-hills of Wear, D. — W. Weighell's Herb.
10. T. striatum (Soft-knotted Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 307;
Eng. Bot. 1843;
With. iii. 850;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 161;
Berwick Flora, 164;
On banks at
Friar's Goose, on
hills near Whitburn,
Cleadon, and
Sunderland, and at
Baydales near Darlington, D. On rocks at
Holy Island,
Dunstanborough and
Bamborough, N. On Basaltic heights from Kyloe to Bamborough, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. T. fragiferum (Strawberry- headed Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 308;
Eng. Bot. 1050;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 55;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 1161;
With. iii. 856;
On the
banks of Halypike Loch, and on the
shores of Tyne below Elswick, N. In marshes by the
lower part of Tees, and near Seaton and
Hartlepool, D.
12. T. procumbens (Hop Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 309;
Eng. Bot. 945;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 162;
Berwick Flora, 164;
T. agrarium
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 45;
Hudson, 328;
In dry fields and pastures, common.
13. T. minus (Lesser Yellow Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 310;
Eng. Bot. 1256;
Berwick Flora, 164;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 220;
T. filiforme
Sm. Fl. Brit. 793;
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 310;
Eng. Bot. 1257;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 220;
α In dry fields and pastures, frequent. β on the Magnesian Limestone at
Fulwell,
Whitburn, Cleadon, and
Castle Eden, D.
302. LOTUS
1. L. corniculatus (Common Bird's-foot Trefoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 312;
Eng. Bot. 2090;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 220;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. 56;
Berwick Flora, 164;
L. major
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 313;
Eng. Bot. 2091;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 163;
Berwick Flora, 165;
L. corniculatus
Fl. Brit. 794;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 220;
α On dry banks, but most abundant on the sea coast. β in woods and hedges not uncommon.
303. MEDICAGO
1. M. sativa (Lucerne, Purple Medick)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 317;
Eng. Bot. 1749;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 220;
With. iii. 861;
Berwick Flora, 165;
Near
Silksworth, D. At
Croft, D Rev. J. Symons. On the ballast hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. In the
field above the quarry at Sunnyside, about
a mile south of Berwick. — Dr. Thompson. Near Gun's Green Hill. — Rev. A. Bair D.
That the Lucerne has been introduced from the Continent there can be no doubt.
2. M. falcata (Yellow Sickle Medick)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 317;
Eng. Bot. 1016;
With. iii. 862;
On Wellington ballast-hills, N. On the
Salt Meadows near Gateshead Ropery, and
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.
3. M. lupulina (Black Medick, or Nonesuch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 318;
Eng. Bot. 971;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 57;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 220;
Berwick Flora, 165;
In meadows and pastures, frequent.
4. M. maculata (Spotted Medick)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 319;
Sibth. 232;
Medicago polymorpha
Eng. Bot. 1616;
Curt. Lond. Fast iii. t. 47;
With. iii. 864;
On the
quay above South Shields, D. On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. Under the
Banqueting House at Alnwick, N.— Miss Forster, delin.
POLYADELPHIA POLYANDRIA
304. HYPERICUM
1. H. Androsoemum (Tutsan, Park Leaves)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 323;
Eng. Bot. 1225;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 48;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 221;
With. iii. 865;
Near
Birch Carr, three miles east of Darlington. — Mr. Backhouse.
By a plantation at Twinkham Lea near Seaton, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
2. H. quadrangulum (Square St. John's-wort, St. Peters- wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 324;
Eng. Bot. 370;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 52;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 221;
With. iii. 867;
Berwick Flora, 167;
By rivers, and in woods and denes, not very common. In
Hulne Woods near Alnwick, N.— Mr. J. Davison.
3. H. perforatum (Perforated St. John's-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 325;
Eng. Bot. 295;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 57;
Woodv. t. 10;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 221;
Berwick Flora, 167;
In woods and hedges, frequent.
4. H. dubium (Imperforate St. John's-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 326;
Eng. Bot. 296;
With. iii. 868;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 221;
Near
Oakwood and
Ovingham, N.
Near Middleton-in-Teesdale and
Eglestone, also in
Gibside Woods and by the
Derwent near Swalwell Bridge, D.
Between Newburn and Wylam, and in the
Ollers between Ovingham and Ovington, N. At
Hollinside, D.— Mr. R.B. Bowman.
5. H. humifusum (Trailing St. John's-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 326;
Eng. Bot. 1226;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 50;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 163;
With. iii. 868;
Berwick Flora, 167;
In sandy or gravelly places, but not common. Near
Neville's Cross, D. In
Heaton Dene, N.
6. H. montanum (Mountain St. John's-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 327;
Eng. Bot. 371;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 222;
With. iii. 869;
On the Magnesian Limestone in
Hawthorn,
Ryhope,
Dalton and
Castle Eden Denes, and near
Harrington, D.
7. H. hirsutum (Hairy St. John's-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 328;
Eng. Bot. 1156;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 49;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 164;
With. iii. 870;
Berwick Flora, 168;
In woods and hedges, frequent.
8. H. pulchrum (Small Upright St. John's-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 329;
Eng. Bot. 1227;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 56;
With. iii. 871;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 164;
Berwick Flora, 168;
In woods, denes, and bushy places, by no means rare.
SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA AEQUALIS
305. TRAGOPOGON
1. T. pratensis (Yellow Goat's-beard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 337;
Eng. Bot. 434;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 226;
Berwick Flora, 172;
In meadows and pastures, not uncommon.
2. T. major
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1493;
Jacq. Aust. i. t. 29;
Sparingly scattered over the whole of North Durham, N.— Dr. G. Johnston, MSS.
One of the most interesting additions made of late years to the English Flora.
306. PICRIS
1. P. echioides (Bristly Ox-tongue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 339;
Eng. Bot. 972;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 51;
With. iii. 877;
Berwick Flora, 173;
Helminthia echioides
Hook. Br. Fl. 338;
On
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N. On the sea coast between
Whitburn and
Sunderland, and
between Stockton and Norton, where it was observed by Lawson. — See Wilson's Syn. 37; also near
Seaton, D. By the
Sunderland road near East Boldon. — Mr. J. Thornhill, jun. In
lanes south of Billingham. — J. Hogg, Esq. On
Cleadon Hills, near Suter Point, D. — Rev. J. Symons. By the
Pier road near the Limekiln, Berwick. — Dr. Thompson.
Not found in Scotland.
2. P. hieracioides (Hawkweed Ox-tongue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 339;
Eng. Bot. 196;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 226;
With. iii. 878;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. At the
lower end of Hawthorn Dene, D. At
Baydales near Darlington. — Mr. Backhouse. Near
Norton, D J. Hogg, Esq.
307. SONCHUS
1. S. arvensis (Corn Sow-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 342;
Eng. Bot. 674;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 53;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 226;
Berwick Flora, 173;
In corn fields and on hedge banks, frequent.
3. S. oleraceus (Common Sow-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 343;
Eng. Bot. 843;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 58;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 227;
Berwick Flora, 173;
α, β, γ, δ Every where, on cultivated and waste ground.
308. LACTUCA
1. L. virosa (Strong-scented Lettuce)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 345;
Eng. Bot. 1957;
Woodv. Supp. t. 250;
With. iii. 883;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 166;
Berwick Flora, 173;
On the bank
between the Castle at Barnardcastle and the River Tees, near
Harton,
Cocken, and
Darlington, and by hedge sides near
Low Team, D. In a hedge near
Cleadon.— Mr. J. Thornhill, jun. Near
Norton,
Stockton, and
Billingham, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. On the
banks of Tweed above Coldstream Bridge, also near
Cullercoats, N. From the
Union Bridge to Norham Castle, also near Twizell Toll-barDr. G. Johnston.
309. PRENANTHES
1. P. muralis (Ivy-leaved Wall-lettuce)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 348;
Eng. Bot. 457;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 58;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 227;
With. iii. 884;
On rocks in damp woods, and on old walls, but not very frequent.
310. LEONTODON
1. L. Taraxacum (Common Dandelion)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 349;
Eng. Bot. 510;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 58;
Woodv. t. 3;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 227;
Berwick Flora, 174;
L. palustre
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 350;
Eng. Bot. 553;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 227;
With. iii. 886 var. 3;
Berwick Flora, 174;
α. On cultivated ground, and in meadows and pastures, everywhere.
β At
Prestwick Carr, N. Near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. On Seaton Moor in marshy places, D. — Mr. J. Backhouse.
311. APARGIA
1. A. hispida (Rough Hawkbit)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 351;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 227;
Berwick Flora, 175;
Hedypnois hispida
Eng. Bot. 554;
Leontodon hispidum
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 56;
With. iii. 888;
In pastures, common.
2. A. autumnalis (Autumnal Hawkbit)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 353;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 228;
Berwick Flora, 175;
Hedypnois autumnalis
Eng. Bot. 830;
Leontodon autumnale
With. iii. 887;
In meadows and pastures, common.
3. A. hirta (Deficient Hawkbit)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii, 352;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 228;
Hedypnois hiria
Eng. Bot. 554;
Leontodon hirtum
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 59;
With. iii. 889;
Thrincia hirta
Hook. Br. Fl. 341;
On dry pastures and on heaths, but not very common; on the
Sea banks between Tynemouth and Cullercoats, N.
312. HIERACIUM
1. H. Pilosella (Mouse-ear Hawkweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 356;
Eng. Bot. 1093;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 54;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 229;
With. iii. 890;
Berwick Flora, 175;
On dry banks and in open pastures, not rare.
2. H. murorum (Wall Hawkweed, Golden Lungwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 359;
Eng. Bot. 2082;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 168;
With. iii. 896;
Berwick Flora, 175;
H. maculatum
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 360;
Eng. Bot. 2121;
α On Limestone rocks and in woods at
Hilton,
Ryehope,
Hawthorn, and
Castle Eden Denes, also on the
banks of Tyne at Hebburn Quay, D. On the
banks of Tweed beyond Yarrow Haugh Thompson's Berwick Plants; also
from Ord Mill to above the Union Bridge, and on
rocks above Kiloe. — Dr. G. Johnston. At
Swansfield, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
β Near
Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
3. H. sylvaticum (Wood Hawkweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 361;
Eng. Bot. 2031;
Berwick Flora, 175;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 169;
With. iii. 898;
Hieracium — Northumberland and Durham Guide, vol. i. No. 686, and ii. preface vi;
On old coal-pit heaps and barren ground near
Gateshead and
Newcastle, N. and D. On the
Towns' Walls and Garden Walls near the Fever Hospital, and on
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N. Near
Tweedmouth, between the Foundry and Spittal, and
by the Till at Wooler Bridge, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
4. H. paludosum (Succory-leaved Mountain Hawkweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 363;
Eng. Bot. 1094;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 169;
With. iii. 895;
Berwick Flora, 175;
In moist woods and boggy places, not rare, N. and D. At
West Ord near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. H. sabaudum (Shrubby broad-leaved Hawkweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 367;
Eng. Bot. 349;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 233;
Berwick Flora, 176;
In denes, woods, and thickets, frequent.
6. H. umbellatum (Narrow-leaved Hawkweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 369;
Eng. Bot. 1771;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 58;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 233;
With. iii. 899;
Berwick Flora, 176;
Near
South Shields Law, and on the
banks forming the coast at Rocoe-gill near Monkwearmouth, D. In Schull Wood, D Mr. J. Backhouse. Near
Henshaw and
Bavington, N — Miss Emma Trevelyan.
313. CREPIS
1. C. foetida (Stinking Hawk's-beard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 370;
Eng. Bot. 406;
With. iii. 900;
Borkhansia foetida
Hook. Br. Fl. 347;
On
St. Anthon's and
Willington ballast-hills, N. On the
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.
2. C. tectorum (Smooth Hawk's-beard, Smooth Succory Hawkweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 372;
Eng. Bot. 1111;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 55;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 233;
Berwick Flora, 176;
In dry meadows, pastures, and on walls, frequent.
3. C. biennis (Rough Hawk's-beard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 373;
Eng. Bot. 149;
With. iii. 902;
In fields near Team,
South Shields Law, and
Whitburn, D. On the
coast south of Sunderland, D — Mr. R. Waugh. Near
Elswick, and between
Newcastle and
Jesmond, also at
Newbiggin on the coast, N. On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D.
These appear its most northern localities.
314. HYPOCHAERIS
1. H. glabra (Smooth Cat's-ear)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 375;
Eng. Bot. 575;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 53;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 234;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.
2. H. radicata (Long Rooted Cat's-ear)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 376;
Eng. Bot. 831;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 52;
With. iii. 905;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 234;
Berwick Flora, 176;
On cultivated and waste ground, common.
315. LAPSANA
1. L. communis (Nipple-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 377;
Eng. Bot. 844;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 59;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 234;
Berwick Flora, 176;
Under hedges and on waste ground, common.
316. CICHORIUM
1. C. Intybus (Wild Succory)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 379;
Eng. Bot. 539;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 56;
Woodv. Supp. 248;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 171;
With. iii. 906;
Berwick Flora, 177;
By no means common in the north. On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, in fields near
Sunderland, Milkhouse Bourn, and near
Murton House, D. Near
Wynyard and
Norton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. Near
Snipperley, D.— Rev. J. Symons. By the
Tweed opposite Spring Gardens. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. In Linden Dene. — C. W. Bigge, Esq., Sp. On
Alnwick Moor. — Miss Forster, delin. On the borders of corn fields about
Willington and
Howdon Pans, N. The Blue flowered Mountain Sonchus or Sow-thistle. — Wallis, 186;.
317. ARCTIUM
1. A. Lappa (Burdock, Clot-bur)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 380;
Eng. Bot. 1228;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 55;
Woodv. t. 15;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 235;
Berwick Flora, 177;
A. Bardana
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 381;
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1632;
Berwick Flora, 177;
Eng. Bot. 2478;
A. Lappa
Hook. Fl. Scot. 235;
α and β By way sides and on waste ground, not rare. The variety β differs from α by a cobweb-like down on its calyx.
318. SERRATULA
1. S. tinctoria (Common Saw-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 382;
Eng. Bot. 38;
With. iii. 909;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 235;
On
Cleadon Hills, on the sea coast near
Whitburn, on hedge banks near
Hilton Ferry, at
Hamsterley, and near
Winch Bridge, Teesdale, D. Near
Norton. — J. Hogg, Esq. In fields near
Walker, N. At
West Dipton near Hexham, N. — Wallis, 190;.
319. CARDUUS
1. C. nutans (Musk Thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 384;
Eng. Bot. 1112;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 171;
With. iii. 913;
Wilson, Syn. 54;
Berwick Flora, 178;
Hook. Eng. Fl. 349;
On waste ground and in fallow fields, not rare.
2. C. acanthoides (Curled, or Welted Thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 385;
Eng. Bot. 973;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 172;
With. iii. 911;
Berwick Flora, 178;
By road sides, common. west of Newcastle, N. and D.
3. C. tenuiflorus (Slender-flowered Thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 385;
Eng. Bot. 412;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 55;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 172;
With. iii. 912;
Berwick Flora, 178;
On the borders of fields and by road sides, not rare; but most abundant near the sea coast, N. and D.
4. C. marianus (Milk Thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 386;
Eng. Bot. 976;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 54;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 172;
With. iii. 915;
Berwick Flora, 178;
On
Holy Island opposite the rock called
St. Cuthbert's Island, by
Willington Bourn near Howdon Pans, in
Tynemouth Castle Yard, where it was noticed by Wallis, and near
Close House, N. At
Hartlepool, and on the
banks of Wear at Durham. At
Haughton. — Mr. Backhouse. Near
Norton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. On
Bank Hill and other
parts of the Ramparts, and on Castle Banks, Berwick. —
Dr. G. Johnston.
320. CNICUS
1. C. lanceolatus (Spear Plume-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 387;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 236;
Berwick Flora, 179;
Carduus lanceolatus
Eng. Bot. 107;
With. iii. 912;
On waste ground, common.
2. C. palustris (Marsh Plume-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 388;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 236;
Berwick Flora, 179;
Carduus palustris
Eng. Bot. 974;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 56;
With. iii. 910;
In moist meadows and marshy places, frequent.
3. C. arvensis (Creeping Plume-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 389;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 237;
Berwick Flora, 179;
Carduus arvensis
Eng. Bot. 975;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 57;
With. iii. 914;
On cultivated land and by road sides, common. var. flore albo, at
Holy Island, N.
4. C. eriophorus (Woolly-headed Plume-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 390;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 173;
Carduus eriophorus
Eng. Bot. 386;
With. iii. 915;
In the
lane near the Quarry at Fulwell, D.
Between Pittington Hall-garth and Elemore, D. — Mr. J. Backhouse.
Under the hill by the Church at Wallsend, N. — Wallis, 187;.
5. C. heterophyllus (Melancholy Plume-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 392;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 173;
Berwick Flora, 179;
Carduus heterophyllus
Eng. Bot. 675;
With. iii. 917;
By the road side near
Haltwhistle, in ditches
north of Cambo, on the
banks of Tyne at the King's Meadows, also near
Allendale Town, at
Shewing Shields, on the banks of Reed, and at the
foot of Cheviot, N. Near
Roadley and
Long Witton. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. Common in moist alpine woods, N. — Wallis, 186;. On Teesdale Forest, in
Gibside Woods,
Castle Eden Dene, and near
Saltwellside, and on the banks of Tyne opposite
Scotswood, D.
6. C. pratensis (Meadow Plume-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 393;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 237;
Carduus pratensis
Eng. Bot. 177;
With. iii. 916;
In
Twizell House Wood. — Rev. J. Dodd, Turner and Dillwyn's Guide. There is a specimen in Weighell's Herbarium, marked the county Durham. — Mrs. S. Brand. Wallis, at p. 186;, mentions Cnicus acaulis as "not unfrequent in mountainous pastures and on dry banks," but never having met with this plant in the north of England, and our sub-alpine pastures being an unlikely situation for this native of the chalky downs of the south; I conclude the author of the History of Northumberland, must have mistaken the species.
321. ONOPORDUM
1. O. Acanthium (Cotton-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 395;
Eng. Bot. 977;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 57;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 238;
With. iii. 919;
Berwick Flora, 179;
On waste ground and hedge banks, but not very common, except near the sea coast. Near the
Scotch Gate, Berwick. — Dr. Thompson.
322. CARLINA
1. C. vulgaris (Common Carline)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 397;
Eng. Bot. 1144;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 238;
With. iii. 920;
Berwick Flora, 180;
On dry heathy pastures, not rare; also on the sea coast.
323. BIDENS
1. B. tripartita (Trifid Bur-marygold)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 398;
Eng. Bot. 1113;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 57;
With. iii. 921;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 238;
In ditches at
Lamesley, near
Chester-le-Street, and
Durham, D. At
Prestwick Carr, N. In a ditch near
Corbridge, N. — Mr. F. Scott.
2. B. cernua (Nodding Bur-marvgold)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 399;
Eng. Bot. 1114;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 55;
With. iii. 921;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 174;
In ditches near
Chester-le-Street, D. At
Prestwick Carr, N. Near
Crow Hall Mill opposite Ridley Hall, N. — Mr. J. Thompson.
324. EUPATORIUM
1. E. cannabinum (Hemp-agrimony)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 400;
Eng. Bot. 428;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 238;
Berwick Flora, 180;
On the banks of rivers and in watery places.
SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA
325. TANACETUM
1. T. vulgare (Common Tansey)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 405;
Eng. Bot. 1229;
Woodv. t. 115;
Berwick Flora, 180;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 239;
β Dill. Ray's Syn. 188;
With. iii. 925 var. 2;
α On the borders of fields and banks of rivers, N. and D. By the Tweed and Till, N.— Thompson's Berwick Plants. β in a
lane near Wolsington Hall, N. By the Tees near
Conniscliffe, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
326. ARTEMISIA
1. A. maritima (Sea Wormwood)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 407;
Woodv. t. 122;
Eng. Bot. 1700;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 175;
With. iii. 926;
Berwick Flora, 181;
Hook. Br. Fl. 355;
A. gallica
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 408;
Eng. Bot. 1001 and 1706, at the bottom;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 174;
Berwick Flora, 181;
α On the
shores of Wear near Hilton Castle, also at
Hartlepool and
Seaton, D. Near the
Tees' mouth, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. On the
shores of Tyne at Coble Dene, and at the
mouth of Wallsend Bourn, N. On the
coast beyond Goswick, and on
Emblestones. Thompson's Berwick Plants. On
a rock near Howick, called Rumble-churn. — Wallis, 169;. S by
Coble Dene and
Wallsend Bourn, and on
a rock called St. Cuthbert's Island, Holy Island, N., where it was observed by Turner. — See Wallis, 169;.
The variety β, Upright-flowered Sea Wormwood, may be distinguished from α by its flowers being erect, those of α droop. This cannot be a specific difference I should presume.
2. A. Absinthium (Common Wormwood)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 408;
Eng. Bot. 1230;
Woodv. t. 120;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 239;
Berwick Flora, 181;
About villages and on waste ground, particularly abundant near the sea coast.
3. A. vulgaris (Mugwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 409;
Eng. Bot. 978;
Woodv. t. 121;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 240;
Berwick Flora, 182;
On waste ground and about hedges, common.
327. GNAPHALIUM
1. G. dioicum (Mountain Cudweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 413;
Eng. Bot. 267;
Lightfoot, 470, t. 20, f. 1;
With. iii. 930;
Wilson's Syn. 46;
Berwick Flora, 182;
On dry heathy pastures and moors, N. and D.
2. G. rectum (Upright Cudweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 415;
Eng. Bot. 124;
Berwick Flora, 182;
With. iii. 931;
G. sylvaticum
Hook. Fl. Scot. 340;
Hudson, 360;
In woods and sandy pastures, but not very common N. and D. In the
Quarry on Sunnyside Moor, at
Ord Hill, and
road side above Fenham, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. G. uliginosum (Marsh Cudweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 416;
Eng. Bot. 1194;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 241;
Berwick Flora, 182;
In sandy places where water has stagnated, frequent.
4. G. minimum (Least Cudweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 417;
Eng. Bot. 1157;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 241;
Berwick Flora, 182;
In barren sandy places, not rare.
5. G. germanicum (Common Cudweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 418;
Eng. Bot. 946;
Hook. Lond. t. 43;
Fl. Scot. 241;
Berwick Flora, 182;
In barren fields and on waste ground, frequent.
328. CONYZA
1. C. squarrosa (Plowman's Spikenard)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 420;
Eng. Bot. 1195;
Fl. Scot. 241;
With. iii. 935;
On
Willington ballast-hills, N.
329. ERIGERON
1. E. canadense (Canada Flea-bane)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 421;
Eng. Bot. 2019;
With. iii. 936;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
2. E. acre (Blue Flea-bane)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 422;
Eng. Bot. 1158;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 60;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 242;
With. iii. 937;
Berwick Flora, 183;
In
Castle Eden Dene, also at
Fawdon-slate and
Byers's Quarry near Whitburn, on the
sand-hills at Hartlepool, and on
Hebburn and
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. At
Hesledon Dene, and pastures at
Owton, near Greatham, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. On
Holy Island links north of the Castle, and on
St. Anthon's and
Willington ballast-hills, N.
330. TUSSILAGO
1. T. Farfara (Colt's-foot)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 425;
Eng. Bot. 429;
Woodv, t. 13;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 60;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 242;
Berwick Flora, 183;
In moist woods and fields, very common.
2. T. Petasites (Common Butter-bur)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 425;
Eng. Bot. 431;
Berwick Flora, 183;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 59;
T. hybrida
Eng. Bot. 430;
With. iii. 940;
T. Petasites foem
Hook. Lond. t. 129;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 177;
α In moist woods and on the sandy banks of rivers; β on the
banks of Tyne at the foot of Scotswood dene, in
Walbottle Dene, and near
Haltwhistle, N. On the
banks of the Derwent at Derwenthaugh, D. Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
331. SENECIO
1. S. vulgaris (Common Groundsel, Simson)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 428;
Eng. Bot. 747;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 61;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 243;
On cultivated ground, everywhere.
2. S. viscosus (Stinking Groundsel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 429;
Eng. Bot. 32;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 178;
With. iii. 941;
Berwick Flora, 184;
By road sides and on the ballast-hills. Near
Seaton and
Hartlepool, D. Near
Benwell,
Alemouth, and in
Heaton Dene, N. About the
Riding Stable at Easington
near Belford, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. S. sylvaticus (Mountain Groundsel)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 430;
Eng. Bot. 748;
Berwick Flora, 184;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 244;
With. iii. 942;
S. lividus
Linn. Sp. Pl. 1216;
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 429;
Eng. Bot. 2515;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 243;
Lindley's Syn. 146;
With. iii. 943;
On hedge banks in
Jesmond fields, and similar situations about
Newcastle, not rare, N. and D. In
Teesdale near Middleton, and in
Raby Park, D. In the
lane between Sadbergh and Norton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. Near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston. On
Alnwick Moor, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
Variety β is the same plant in a more luxuriant state, from growing on fresh turned-up ground.
4. S. tenuifolius (Hoary Ragwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 432;
Eng. Bot. 574;
Berwick Flora, 184;
With. iii. 944;
S. erucifolius
Hudson, 366;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 64;
By hedges in the Magnesian Limestone district, frequent. At
Baydales near Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. On the
banks of Tweed near Ord Mill, N. — Dr. Thompson.
5. S. Jacobaea (Common Ragwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 433;
Eng. Bot. 1130;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 244;
Berwick Flora, 184;
In pastures and on waste ground, common. A peculiar variety, with remarkably long petals, was gathered in 1828, about three quarters of a mile above
Swalwell New Bridge, D., by Mr. John Thornhill, jun., Curator of the Newcastle Museum.
6. S. aquaticus (Marsh Ragwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 434;
Eng. Bot. 1131;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 179;
With. iii. 946;
Berwick Flora, 185;
In marshy places, frequent.
7. S. saracenicus (Broad-leaved Ragwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 435;
Eng. Bot. t. 2211;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 244;
With. iii. 947;
By the bourn side near
Hallington,
between five and six miles south-west of Capheaton, N. — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp.
Probably the out-cast of some garden.
332. ASTER
1. A. Tripolium (Sea Starwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 436;
Eng. Bot. 87;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 179;
With. iii. 948;
Berwick Flora, 185;
On the sea coast and in
salt marshes on Tweed,
Aln,
Blyth,
Tyne,
Wear, and
Tees, N. and D.
333. SOLIDAGO
1. S. Virgaurea (Common Golden-rod)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 438;
Eng. Bot. 301;
Berwick Flora, 185;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 244;
S. cambrica
Hudson, 307;
With. iii. 950;
α In woods and on dry banks of denes, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston, γ on Basaltic rocks at
Winch Bridge, and
Cauldron Snout in Teesdale, D.
334. INULA
1. I. Helenium (Elecampane)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 440;
Eng. Bot. 1546;
Woodv. t. 108;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 245;
With. iii. 953;
In
Castle Eden Dene, on the north side, about a mile from the sea, D. — Mr. Janson, Sp. In many places by the River Tees, D. — Robson's Flora, 160.
2. I. dysenterica (Common Flea-bane)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 440;
Eng. Bot. 1115;
Berwick Flora, 185;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. 56;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 245;
With. iii. 954;
Pulicaria dysenterica
Hook. Br. Fl. 363;
In ditches and damp places by road sides, not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
335. DORONICUM
1. D. Pardalianches (Great Leopard's-bane)
Linn. Sp. Pl. 1247;
Eng. Bot. 2654;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 245;
Br. Fl. 364;
Fl. Lond. t. 88;
Lightfoot, 485;
Naturalized on the
banks of Wear at Durham, below Mr. Fox's garden. Gathered on the cold mountains of Northumberland by Dr. Penny. — Gerard.
A very unlikely habitat. I have a specimen of the Doronicum, figured in Eng. Bot. at 630, gathered by Mr. Maughan in woods near
Culross, Perthshire.
336. BELLIS
1. B. perennis (Common Daisy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 447;
Eng. Bot. 424;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 62;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 246;
In meadows and pastures, everywhere.
337. CHRYSANTHEMUM
1. C. Leucanthemum (Great White Ox-eye, Moon Daisy)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 449;
Eng. Bot. 601;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 62;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 246;
Berwick Flora, 187;
In fields and pastures, very common.
2. C. segetum (Yellow Ox-eye, Corn Marygold)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 449;
Eng. Bot. 540;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 60;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 180;
With. iii. 959;
Berwick Flora, 187;
Rare in the north of England. Near
Rennoldson's Mill in Heaton Dene, and in corn-fields near
Haltwhistle, N. On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. In corn fields near
Norton, D. — John Hogg, Esq.
338. PYRETHRUM
1. P. Parthenium (Common Feverfew)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 451;
Eng. Bot. 1231;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 246;
Berwick Flora, 188;
Matricaria Parthenium
With. iii. 960;
Woodv. t. 249;
On hedge banks and in waste places, but generally near houses, N. and D. About
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. P. inodorum (Corn Feverfew, Scentless Mayweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 452;
Eng. Bot. 676;
Berwick Flora, 188;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 246;
Lond. t. 101;
Chrysanthemum inodorum
With. iii. 958;
In corn fields and by way sides, everywhere; variety, flore pleno in fields near
Castle Eden, D.
3. P. maritimum (Sea Feverfew)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 452;
Eng. Bot. 979;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 181;
Berwick Flora, 188;
Matricaria maritima
With. iii. 960;
On rocks below
Hawthorn Dene, at
Byers's Quarry,
Whitburn, and on the sea coast near
Sunderland, D. Near
Tynemouth Castle, and on
Dunstanborough and
Bamborough Castle rocks, also at
Holy Island, N.
339. MATRICARIA
1. M. Chamomilla (Common Wild Chamomile)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 454;
Eng. Bot. 1232;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 63;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 246;
With. iii. 961;
On rubbish near
Gateshead,
Monkton,and
Newcastle, and on the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D. By hedges about
Ponteland, N. Near
Twizell House Mill, N. — Rev. J. Dodd, Turner and Dillwyn's Guide.
340. ANTHEMIS
1. A. maritima (Sea Chamomile)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 455;
Eng. Bot. 2370;
With. iii. 965;
At
Sunderland, D. — Mr. E. Robson in Eng. Bot, the only British locality. Probably gathered on the ballast-hills, but there was no specimen of this rare plant in W. Weighell's Herb.
2. A. nobilis (Common Chamomile)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 456;
Eng. Bot. 980;
Woodv. t. 103;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 247;
With. iii. 963;
Between
Lintz-green Hall and the Turnpike, D.— Mr. R. Waugh and Mr. J. Thornhill. On
Sunderland ballast hills. — W. Weighell's Herb.
3. A. arvensis (Corn Chamomile)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 457;
Eng. Bot. 602;
With. iii. 962;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 181;
Berwick Flora, 188;
In corn fields and on rubbish near
Gateshead, D. In
Heaton Dene near Rennoldson's Mill, N. Near the
inn at Doddington Moor Bank and
Cheswick buildings. — Dr. G. Johnston. By
the old tower near Magdalen-field Farm House. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
4. A. Cotula (Stinking May-weed, or Chamomile)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 458;
Eng. Bot. 1772;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 61;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 182;
With, iii. 963;
By road sides near
Harton, and among corn near
Stella, D. Rare in the north of England.
5. A. tinctoria (Ox-eye Chamomile)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 459;
Eng. Bot. 1472;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 247;
With. iii. 965;
On a
bank by the river Tees not far from Sockburn. — Ray, Syn, 183. It has often been sought there of late years without success. — Robson's Flora, printed in 1777, p. 168. On
Sunderland ballast hills, D. — W. Weighell's Herb. By the
road side near St. Anthon's, N.
341. ACHILLEA
1. A. Ptarmica (Sneeze-wort, Yarrow, Goosetongue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 460;
Eng. Bot. 757;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 60;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 248;
Berwick Flora, 189;
In moist meadows, and by rivulets.
2. A. Millefolium (Common Yarrow, Milfoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 462;
Eng. Bot. 758;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 61;
Woodv. t 64;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 248;
Berwick Flora, 189;
In meadows and pastures, abundant.
SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA FRUSTRANEA
342. CENTAUREA
1. C. Jacea (Brown Radiant Knapweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 464;
Eng. Bot. 1678;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 248;
On
Willington ballast-hills, N. On
Hebburn and
Jarrow ballast-hills, D.
2. C. nigra (Black or Lesser Knapweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 465;
Eng. Bot. 278;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 248;
Berwick Flora, 189;
β flowers radiated — Ray, Syn. 199; With. iii. 970, var. 2.
α In pastures and by road sides, common. β in
Walbottle Dene, and near the
Powder Magazine at Walker, N.
3. C. Cyanus (Corn Blue-bottle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 466;
Eng. Bot. 277;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 62;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 183;
With, iii. 968;
Berwick Flora, 189;
Rare in the north of England. In corn fields on
Millfield Plain, N. In
Tweedmouth fields. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
Between Anick Grange and Corbridge, N. — Mr. F. Scott. Near
Conniscliffe. — Mr. Backhouse. Near
Norton,
Seaton, and
Stainton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. In corn fields near
Berwick, but not common. — Dr. G. Johnston. On
Alnwick Moor, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
4. C. Scabiosa (Greater Knapweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 467;
Eng. Bot. 56;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 183;
With. iii. 971;
On the borders of fields, particularly on the Magnesian Limestone in the county of Durham.
5. C. Calcitrapa (Common Star-thistle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 468;
Eng. Bot. 125;
With. iii. 971;
On the
west end of St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N., where it has been naturalized for many years. On
Hebburn and
Jarrow ballast-hills, D.
SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA NECESSARIA
343. CALENDULA
1. C. arvensis (Field Marigold)
With. iii. 972;
Wild. Sp. Pl. iii. 2339;
Naturalized on
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. — W. Weighell's Herb.
Scarcely entitled to a place in an English Flora, though admitted by the late Dr. Withering.
GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA
344. ORCHIS
1. O. bifolia (Butterfly Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 9;
Eng. Bot. 22;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 65;
Berwick Flora, 191;
With. ii. 27;
Habenaria bifolia
Gr. Fl. Eds. 185;
Ray, Syn. 380;
α In meadows at
Gibside,
Beamish,
Medomsley,
Eglestone,
Witton-le-Wear,
Dinsdale, and
Castle Eden, D. Near
Woolcoats,
Rothbury,
Shewing-shields,
Cambo, and
Wallington, N. On mountainous meadows, N.— Wallis, 228;. On
moors in the vicinity of Berwick, but not frequent. — Dr. G. Johnston.
β In barren pastures near
Fox Hill,
between Norton and Sadbergh, six miles from Norton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq.
2. O. pyramidalis (Pyramidal Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 10;
Eng. Bot. 110;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 251;
Lond. t. 106;
With. ii. 29;
In fields on the Magnesian Limestone near
Houghton-le-Spring,
Castle Eden, and
Hartlepool; on the
coast south of Sunderland, also near
Whitburn,
Cleadon,
Fullwell, and at
Rocoe Gill, D. Near
Gilsland,
Haltwhistle, and
Wooler, N. In the meadows on the north and north-west side of
Crag Lake, under the Roman Wall, N.— Wallis, 227;.
3. O. Morio (Meadow Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 11;
Eng. Bot. 2059;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 59;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 250;
With. ii. 29;
On
Dunstan Haughs, D., near
Prudhoe, N., and in similar situations, but not common.
It does not occur in the vicinity of Berwick.
4. O. mascula (Early Purple Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 11;
Eng. Bot. 631;
Woodv. t. 90;
Berwick Flora, 191;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 62;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 250;
With. ii. 30;
In woods in Northumberland and Durham, frequent. also on the
coast between South Shields and Sunderland, D.
5. O. ustulata (Dwarf Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 12;
Eng. Bot. 18;
With. ii. 31;
Hook. Lond. t. 36;
On
Fulwell and
Boldon Hills, on the
sea coast near Marsden Cottage and
Ryhope, and in pastures near the
new bridge at Lambton Gate, D. At
Baydales, D. — Mr. Backhouse. On the
east side of Cleadon Hills, D.— Mr. R. Waugh and Mr. J. Thornhill.
6. O. albida (White Cluster-rooted Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 18;
Satyrium albidum
Eng. Bot. 505;
With. ii. 39;
Habenaria albida
Hook. Lond. t. 107;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 185;
In pastures at
Shewing Shields near the Roman Wall, also near
Roadley Lake,
Fallowlees Bourn, and
Baybridge above Blanchland, N. At the
north end of Crag Close near Barwesford. — Wallis, 229;. In a field
between Cambo and the Close Houses, N. — Miss Emma Trevelyan. Near
Winch Bridge, and
between Whey Syke and Widdy Bank, also on the
banks of Nucton Bourn, D.
7. O. viridis (Frog Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 20;
Satyrium viride
Eng. Bot. 94;
With. ii. 37;
Habenaria viridis
Hook. Lond. t. 130;
Fl. Scot. 252;
In meadows at
Chester-le-Street,
Lambton,
Beamish,
Urpeth,
Castle Eden,
Murton,
Sunderland,
Shincliffe, and
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D.
Between Norton and Sadbergh, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. Near
Low Park End,
Gilsland, and
Blanchland, N. Near
Wallington. — Miss Emma Trevelyan. At the
north end of Crag Close near Barwesford. — Wallis, 229;. In
Hulne woods near Alnwick, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
8. O. latifolia (Marsh Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 21;
Eng. Bot. 2308;
Berwick Flora, 192;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 65;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 251;
With. ii. 33;
β Dill. Ray's Syn. 382;
α In bogs and marshy meadows, not rare. β at
Prestwick Carr, N.
Smith remarks that this variety has not been noticed since the time of Dillenius; it differs from α in having flowers of a full rose-red colour. I have gathered it in North Wales as well as in Northumberland, and am inclined to think it is not very rare, but has been overlooked by modern Botanists.
9. O. maculata (Spotted Palmate Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 22;
Eng. Bot. 632;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 251;
Lond. t. 112;
With. iii. 34;
Berwick Flora, 192;
In woods, meadows, and pastures, frequent.
10. O. conopsea (Aromatic Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 23;
Eng. Bot. 10;
With. ii. 35;
Berwick Flora, 192;
Gymnadenia conopsea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 184;
In
Castle Eden and
Dalton Dene, and in meadows near
Urpeth,
Beamish,
Tanfield,
Witton-le-Wear, and
Sunderland, also on moors in Teesdale and Weardale, D. Near
Norton and in Close Wood, also on the cliffs near Black-halls, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. In meadows at
Shewing Shields,
Wardrew,
Hexham, and
Corbridge, N. Near
Wallington. — Miss Emma Trevelyan.
On a bank by the road on the east side of Simonburn Castle, also on the
north-west side of the Ostium of the brook at Wark in Tynedale, and on
Broad-pool Common,
between Con-shields and Blakelaw, near
Simonburn, N. — Wallis, 227;. In moist meadows and pastures near
Berwick not uncommon. — Dr. G. Johnston.
345. OPHRYS
1. O. muscifera (Fly Ophrys, or Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 29;
Eng. Hot. 64;
Hook. Lond. t. 31;
With. ii. 47;
On the Magnesian Limestone in
Hawthorn,
Dalton, and
Castle Eden Denes, D. Near
Middleton-one-Row.— Mr. E. Robson. At
Dinsdale, D Mr. S. Robson.
2. O. apifera (Bee Ophrys, or Orchis)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 30;
Eng. Bot. 383;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 66;
With. ii. 48;
On the Magnesian Limestone near the
coast at Marsden,
Rocoe-gill near Sunderland, and
Ryehope, D. At
Baydales, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
346. GOODYERA
1. G. repens (Creeping Goodyera)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 33;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 253;
Lond. 144;
Satyrium repens
Eng. Bot. 289;
With. ii. 39;
"I met with a plant of it in Ramshaw Wood by the the road to the mill on the south side of Wark Burn in Tynedale, N — Wallis, 232;." I have no better authority for inserting this northern plant, but wish some Botanist would carefully search Ramshaw Wood, and ascertain which of the Orchidae grow there. Assuredly not this rare inhabitant of the fir woods of Scotland.
347. LISTERA
1. L. ovata (Common Twayblade)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 37;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 253;
Berwick Flora, 193;
Ophrys ovata
Eng. Bot. 22;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 60;
With. iii. 43;
In woods, marshy meadows, and hedge banks, not very common, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. L. cordata (Heart-leaved Mountain Twayblade)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 38;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 253;
Lond. t. 143;
Berwick Flora, 193;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 186;
Ophrys cordata
Eng. Bot. 358;
With. ii. 44;
At
Gold-hill near Muggleswick, and among the heath at
Charnberry near Eglestone, D. On the
banks of Beldon Bourn, and on moors in the vicinity, N. By
Darden Lough,
Roadley Lake, and on
Simonside. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On
moors to the south of Haltwhistle. — Rev. T. Baker. On the
east side of Hedgehope, rather more than half-way up. — Dr. G. Johnston. At
Rock Houses near Unthank, N.— Mr. J. Thompson, Sp. On Alpine bogs, not uncommon. N. — Wallis, 233;.
3. L. Nidus-avis (Bird's-nest Listera)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 38;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 253;
Lond. t. 58;
Berwick Flora, 193;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 186;
Ophrys Nidus-avis
Eng. Bot. 48;
With. ii.;
In
Castle Eden and
Hawthorn Denes, and
Whorlton-haugh Wood,
Cocken, D. In
Capheaton and
Wallington WoodsMiss Emma Trevelyan. In
Willimoteswick Dene and near
WardrewMr. J. Thompson, Sp. In
Twizell woods, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
348. EPIPACTIS
1. E. latifolia (Broad-leaved Helleborine)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 40;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 254;
Lond. t. 102;
Serapias latifolia
Eng. Bot. 269;
With, ii. 51;
In woods, not uncommon. In
Heaton Wood near Newcastle, N.
2. E. palustris (Marsh Helleborine)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 42;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 254;
Lond. t. 89;
Berwick Flora, 193;
Serapias palustris
Eng. Bot. t. 270;
With. ii. 52;
In bogs at
Hilton and
Castle Eden,
Butterby,
Dinsdale and
Cocken, D. Near
Polam. — Mr. Backhouse. Near the
Dyke House, Hartlepool. — Mr. J. Backhouse. At
Norton, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. In bogs near
Hexham, N. Near
Belsay,
Roadley Mill, and
KirkharleMiss Emma Trevelyan. In a bog at
Slaterfield near Simonburn — Wallis, 230;. In the
Pond Field above Spindlestone. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Alnwick, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
3. E. ensifolia (Narrow-leaved White Helleborine)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 44;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 255;
Lond. t. 77;
Serapias ensifolia
Eng. Bot. 494;
With, ii. 53;
In the
main branch of Castle Eden Dene, and in the
north branch or Black Dene, growing with the Lady's Slipper, D. — July 9, 1797. In
Hawthorn Dene, D. — Rev. T. Baker.
349. MALAXIS
1. M. paludosa (Marsh Tender-tway-blade)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 47;
Eng. Bot. 72;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 255;
With. ii. 50;
In bogs on
Eglestone Moor, Teesdale, D. On
moors south of Wolsingham, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA
350. CYPRIPEDIUM
1. C. Calceolus (The Lady's Slipper)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 51;
Eng. Bot. 1;
Hook. Lond. t. 42;
With. ii. 54;
Robson's Flora, 150;
In the
north branch of Castle Eden Dene, called the Black Dene, and in the
main branch opposite the Garden of Eden, also on the first great white rock on the north side nearest the sea coast, D. — July 9, 1797.
I know not who first discovered this fine plant in the county of Durham; it is noticed by S. Robson in his Flora, printed in 1777; but Wilson, who published his Synopsis in 1744, only mentions its Yorkshire localities. "The Lady's Slipper, said by Dr. Turner to grow in a boggy place in a field at Newton-on-the-Moor, near Alnwick, N., is not now observed to grow there." — Wallis. The first edition of Turner's Herbal was printed in 1551, the second in 1568.
MONOECIA MONANDRIA
351. EUPHORBIA
1. E. Peplus (Petty Spurge)
Sm. Eng, Fl. iv. 60;
Eng. Bot. 959;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t.35;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 148;
On cultivated ground, everywhere.
2. E. exigua (Dwarf Spurge)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 60;
Eng. Bot. 1336;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 36;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 106;
With. ii. 588;
Berwick Flora, 197;
In corn fields near
Cleadon,
Fulwell, and
Castle Eden, D. Near
Norton,
Wynyard, and
Seaton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. Near
Prestwick. — Mr. W. Robertson. In
Greenfield Moor-fields near Alnwick. — Mr. J. Davison. By
the road side at the Inn below Mountholy, N. — Dr. G. Johnston
3. E. Lathyris (Caper Spurge)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 61;
Eng. Bot. 2225;
With. ii. 588;
In corn stubble near
Norton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq. Naturalized on the
banks of Wear below Mr. Fox's garden, Durham.
A very doubtful native.
4. E. paralia (Sea Spurge)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 631;
Eng. Bot. 195;
With. ii. 589;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D. On
Willington ballast-hills, N.
Plentiful on the Cumberland coast, but it does not appear to cross the Solway Frith.
5. E. helioscopia (Sun Spurge, Common Wart-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 63;
Eng. Bot. 883;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 36;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 148;
Everywhere, on cultivated ground.
6. E. striata (Upright Warty Spurge)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 64;
β Eng. Bot. 333;
E. platyphylla
With. ii. 591, var. 2;
By the race below Rennoldson's Mill in Heaton Dene, N. Probably brought there with corn.
7. E. Cyparissias (Cypress Spurge)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 66;
Eng. Bot. 840;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 106;
With. ii. 593;
On the banks of hedges
four miles south of Alnwick. — July 17, 1804; and naturalized on the walls of
Hulne Abbey, N.
352. CALLITRICHE
1. C. verna (Water Starwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 10;
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 2;
C. aquatica
Eng. Bot. 722;
Hook. Lond. 127;
Fl. Scot. 259;
In ditches, ponds, &c.
When growing in deep pools the submersed leaves of this plant are linear, and in this state it has often been mistaken for the succeeding species.
2. C. autumnalis (Autumnal Water Starwort)
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 2;
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 10;
Berwick Flora, 3;
In pools of water in the
vale below Langley Ford at the
foot of Cheviot. — Dr. G. Johnston.
C. autumnalis
may be considered a rare species with us, though it is abundant in the deep ditches which communicate with Derwentwater in Cumberland. If the following distinctions be attended to, the two plants can never be confounded with each other, as has heretofore frequently been the case. C. verna Fruit stalks with two bracteas at their base, fruit regularly tetragonal, each portion bluntly keeled at the back. C. autumnalis
Fruit stalks without bracteas, fruit irregularly tetragonal, each portion broadly and acutely winged at the back. — Arnott, MSS.
253. ZOSTERA
1. Z. marina (Grass Wrack)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 5;
Eng. Bot. 467;
With. iii. 658;
Hook. Lond. t. 35;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 188;
Berwick Flora, 2;
At
Jarrow Slake and
Hartlepool, D. On
Fenham Flats, N. Between
Goswick Links and the
Old Law — Thompson's Berwick Plants. Among the rejectamenta of the sea on the coast, abundant.
354. ZANNICHELLIA
1. Z. palustris (Horned Podweed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 70;
Eng. Bot. 1844;
With. ii. 8;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 187;
Berwick Flora, 197;
In ditches near
St. Peter's Quay, and in ponds at
St. Anthon's', Walker, and
Benwell, N. In ditches near
Gateshead, in ponds near
Hilton Castle, at
Hebburn Quay, and
Monkwearmouth, D. In the pond at
Scremmerston Lime-kilns, and ditches near Windmill Hill, Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
MONOECIA TRIANDRIA
355. TYPHA
1. T. latifolia (Great Cat's-tail, or Reed-mace)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 71;
Eng. Bot. 1455;
With. ii. 163;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 188;
T. major
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 61;
Berwick Flora, 197;
In slow streams and pools, common. N. and D. In the mill pond at
Grange Bourn and
North Fluve near Goswick. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
2. T. angustifolia (Lesser Cat's-tail, or Reed-mace)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 72;
Eng. Bot. 1456;
With. ii. 163;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 259;
T. minor
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 62.;
In a pond near the
Friar's Goose, below Gateshead, D. In a pond by the
road to Nesham from Darlington, D. — Mr. Janson.
356. SPARGANIUM
1. S. ramosum (Branched Bur-reed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 74;
Eng. Bot. 744;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 66;
With. ii. 164;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 189;
Berwick Flora, 198;
In slow streams and pools.
2. S. simplex (Unbranched Upright Bur-reed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 75;
Eng. Bot. 745;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 67;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 189;
With. ii. 164;
Berwick Flora, 198;
In pools and slow streams, N. and D. By the sides of the
Lough on Holy Island, and in the pond above
Spindlestone, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. S. natans (Floating Bur-reed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 75;
Eng. Bot. 273;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 189;
With. ii. 164;
S. simplex
Hudson, 401;
In the rivers Derwent and Team, D. In the
Ousebourn in Heaton Dene, and in the River Pont, N. In
Prestwick Carr, N. — Mr. J. Thornhill.
357. CAREX
1. C. dioica (Common Separate-headed Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 77;
Eng. Bot. 543;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 139;
With. ii. 129;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 189;
Berwick Flora, 198;
In bogs near
Hilton Castle, on
Beamish Moor, Chester Common, and in Teesdale and Weardale, D. Near
Darlington, D.— S. Robson, Flora 262. Near
Shewing Shields, at
Prestwick Carr, and on
moors near Blanchland and Cold-cleugh, N.
2. C. pulicaris (Flea Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 78;
Eng. Bot. 1051;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 261;
Lond. t. 177;
With. ii. 130;
Berwick Flora, 198;
In marshy meadows and on moors, frequent. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. C. pauciflora (Few-flowered Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 79;
Eng. Bot. 2041;
Lightfoot, 543, t. 6, f. 2;
With. ii. 131;
In a peat moss
between a public-house called Twice-brewed Ale and the south-west end of Crag Lake near the Roman Wall, and on the
Muckle Moss, N.— June 29, 1803.
The only English habitats.
4. C. stellulata (Little Prickly Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 80;
Eng. Bot. 806;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 144;
Berwick Flora, 198;
With. ii. 131;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 263;
C. muricata
Lightfoot, 549;
Hudson, 406;
In marshy meadows and on moors, not rare.
5. C. curta (White Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 81;
Eng. Bot. 1386;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 145;
With. ii. 132;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 263;
Berwick Flora, 198;
In bogs near
Edmond byers and
Crook Oak, D. In Teesdale.— Rev. J. Harriman. By
Halypike Lake, near
Allenheads, in
Beldon Bourn, and near
Gilsland, N.— On
Wallington moors.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In
bogs near Berwick, not rare.— Dr. G. Johnston.
6. C. ovalis (Oval-spiked Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 82;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 148;
Eng. Bot. 306;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 263;
With. ii. 133;
Berwick Flora, 199;
C. leporina
Hudson, 404;
Lightfoot, 547;
In marshy meadows and on moors, not rare.
7. C. remota (Remote Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 84;
Eng. Bot. 832;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 263;
With. ii. 133;
Berwick Flora, 199;
In
Ravensworth and
Cawsey Woods, and in all the woods on the Derwent, D. In
Tecket and
Ramshaw woods, and on the
banks of Wooler Water below Langley Ford, N.
8. C. arenaria (Sand Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 85;
Eng. Bot. 928;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 195;
With. ii. 135 t. 20;
Berwick Flora, 199;
On the sands of the sea coast, frequent.
9. C. intermedia (Soft Brown Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 86;
Eng. Bot. 2042;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 154;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 262;
Berwick Flora, 199;
With. ii. 136;
C. disticha
Hudson, 403;
In bogs and by slow streams not rare, N. and D. Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
10. C. muricata (Greater Prickly Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 88;
Eng. Bot. 1097;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 262;
With. ii. 138;
C. spicata
Hudson, 405;
Lightfoot, 548;
Near
Darlington, D.
11. C. divulsa (Grey Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 89;
Eng. Bot. 629;
With. ii. 138;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 160;
C. muricata
Wahl. Fl. Suec. 589;
Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
12. C. vulpina (Great Spiked Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 90;
Eng. Bot. 307;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 191;
With. ii. 139;
Berwick Flora, 199;
On the shores of Tyne, Pont, Wear, Tees, Skerne, &c. N. and D. By the
North Fluve at Goswick, and on the
coast at Budle, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
13. C. paniculata (Great Panicled Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 92;
Eng. Bot. 1064;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 262;
With. ii. 140;
Berwick Flora, 200;
On moors and in wet pastures, common.
14. C. pendula (Great Pendulous Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 95;
Eng. Bot. 2315;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 264;
Berwick Flora, 200;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 63;
With. ii. 142;
In
Ravensworth, Cocken,
Beamish, and
Urpeth Woods, also
by the Wear near Southwick, D.
By the Tees near Croft, D. — Mr. E. Robson. In
Gibside Woods, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill. In
Oakwood,
Scotswood,
Walbottle, and
Denton Denes, N. On Bothal Banks, N Miss Emma Trevelyan.
15. C. sylvatica (Pendulous Wood Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 96;
Eng. Bot. 995;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 264;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 138;
Berwick Flora, 200;
With. ii. 150;
C. Drymeia
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 296;
In every wood, N. and D.
16. C. capillaris (Capillary Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 100;
Eng. Bot. 2069;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 265;
With. ii. 148;
Near
Widdy Bank in Teesdale Forest, D., also on
Cronkley Fell.
Its most southern locality in Britain.
17. C. limosa (Green and Gold Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 102;
Eng. Bot. 2043;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 265;
With. ii. 152;
Berwick Flora, 200;
Near
Wardrew, N. On the
Wallington Moors, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
18. C. pallescens (Pale Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 105;
Eng. Bot. 2185;
Hook. Lond. 178;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 195;
With. ii. 151;
Berwick Flora, 201;
Near
Beamish and the Hounds, at
Birch Carr Near
Darlington, and on the banks of
Nuckton Burn, D. In bogs near
Scotswood, and at
Shewing-shields, and
Gilsland, N. On the banks of
Wooler Water below Langley Ford, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
19. C. flava (Yellow Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 106;
Eng. Bot. 1294;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 266;
With. ii. 144;
Berwick Flora, 201;
In boggy meadows and on wet moors, frequent.
20. C. Oederi (Oederian Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 107;
Eng. Bot. 1773;
C. flava
Hook. Fl. Scot. 266;
On wet moors, not rare.
A dwarf variety of the last species I suspect.
21. C. fulva (Tawny Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 107;
Eng. Bot. 1295;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 177, t. 20, f. 6;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 266;
C. flava
With. ii. 145 var. 2;
In bogs at
Ryhope and
Hilton, D. On the
south side of the Ropery above Shields Law, D.— Mr. R. Waugh. At
Birch Carr Near
Darlington. — Mr. Backhouse. At
Prestwick Carr, and on the
Muckle Moss near the Roman Wall, N.
22. C. extensa (Long-bracteated Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 108;
Eng. Bot. 833;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 175, t. 21, f. 7;
With. ii. 140;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 195;
Near the sea coast in a marsh on the Wear at
Hilton Castle, as well as at
Hartlepool and Seaton, also in the west of the county of Durham, and on bogs in
Waskerley Park, D. In bogs at Spencer's Quarry near Medomsley, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill. On the
sea beach north of the town at Holy Island, N, — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
23. C. distans (Loose Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 109;
Eng. Bot. 1234;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 267;
With. ii. 147;
In boggy ground near the sea coast at Hilton Castle, and near the
Law at South Shields, D. At the
mouth of Tees, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
On marshy ground near
Willington Bourn, N.
All these may be considered maritime localities.
24. C. binervis (Green-ribbed Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 110;
Eng. Bot. 1235;
With. ii. 147;
Berwick Flora, 201;
C. distans
Lightfoot, 561;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 267;
On boggy and wet moors, frequent. On
Newcastle Town Moor, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
25. C. praecox (Vernal, or Spring Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 111;
Eng. Bot. 1099;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 170;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 207;
Lond. t. 22;
With. ii. 143;
Berwick Flora, 201;
C. saxatilis
Hudson, 408;
On moors and in barren pastures.
26. C. pilulifera (Round-headed Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 112;
Eng. Bot. 885;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 267;
Berwick Flora, 201;
With. ii. 154;
C. montana
Hudson, 407;
In moist meadows and on moors, not rare.
27. C. panicea (Pink-leaved Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 114;
Eng. Bot. 1505;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 267;
With. ii. 148;
Berwick Flora, 201;
In moist meadows and pastures, common.
28. C. recurva (Glaucous Heath Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 114;
Eng. Bot. 1506;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 184;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 268;
With. ii. 150;
Berwick Flora, 202;
C. Micheliana
Eng. Bot. 2236;
α On moors and in moist meadows, everywhere. β in bogs near
Hilton Castle, D.
29. C. rigida (Rigid Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 116;
Eng. Bot. 2047;
Berwick Flora, 202;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 193, t. 22, f. 10;
With. ii. 156;
C. caespitosa
Hook. Fl. Scot. 268;
C. saxatilis
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 247 according to specimens from the late Dr. Swartz;
On the
summit of Cheviot, N., July 22d, 1804. On Teesdale Forest near the
Cauldron Snout, D.
30. C. caespitosa (Tufted Bog Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 117;
Eng. Bot. 1507;
With. ii. 156;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 195, t. 21, f. 8;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 268;
Berwick Flora, 202;
In marshy meadows and on moors, not rare.
31. C. stricta (Glaucous Straight-leaved Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 118;
Eng. Bot. 914;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 208;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 190, t. 21, f. 9;
With. ii. 157;
C. caespitosa
Hudson, 412;
C. caespitosa
Lightfoot, 561;
In the marsh behind
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, on the banks of the
Ousebourn near Haddrick's Mill, and in
Heaton Wood, N. In
Westcrow Bourn near Wolsingham, and at
Hell Kettles Near
Darlington, also by the
Tyne below Gateshead, D.
32. C. acuta (Slender Spiked Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 119;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 203;
Berwick Flora, 202;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 269;
With. ii. 160;
Eng. Bot. 580;
C. gracilis
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 62.;
By the river
Skerne near Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse. On the
banks of Tweed from West Ord to the Chain Bridge. — Dr. G. Johnston.
33. C. paludosa (Lesser Common Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 120;
Eng. Bot. 807;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 269;
Berwick Flora, 203;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 202;
With. ii. 159;
C. acuta
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 61.;
In bogs and on the banks of slow rivers, frequent.
34. C. riparia (Great Common Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 121;
Eng. Bot. 579;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 60;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 200;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 269;
With. ii. 158;
C. acuta
Hudson, 413;
Lightfoot, 565;
On the banks of rivers and in marshy places, frequent.
35. C. laevigata (Smooth-stalked Beaked Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 122;
Eng. Bot. 1387;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 269;
With. ii. 159;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 199;
Berwick Flora, 203;
On the banks of
Wooler Water below Langley Ford, and at the
base of the hill at Hepburn near Chillingham, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
30. C. vesicaria (Short-spiked Bladder Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 123;
Eng. Bot. 779;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 269;
With. ii. 161;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 199;
C. inflata
Lightfoot, 567;
On the banks of the river Team, in bogs near
Castle Eden, and near
Darlington, D. In
Heaton Wood, by
Craglake near Shewing-shields, and on the
Muckle Moss, N. On moors near
Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. At
Prestwick Carr, N.— Mr. J. Thornhill.
37. C. ampullacea (Slender-beaked Bladder Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 124;
Eng. Bot. 780;
Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 207;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 270;
With, ii. 101;
Berwick Flora, 203;
C. vesicaria
Hudson, 413;
Lightfoot, 566;
On the banks of lakes, rivers, and on bogs, N. and D. On the
Wallington Moors, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In the
vicinity of Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
38. C. hirta (Hairy Carex)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 125;
Eng. Bot. 685;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 270;
With. ii. 162;
Berwick Flora, 203;
In marshy meadows and on bogs, frequent.
358. ELYNA
1. E. caricina (Compound-headed Elyna)
Hook. Br. Fl. 401;
Kobresia caricina
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 206;
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 129;
Schoenus monoicus
Eng. Bot. 1410;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, v5;
On the
Widdy Bank in Teesdale Forest, D., also on
Cronkley Fell.
This plant was pointed out to me in these localities, Aug. 25, 1799, by the Rev. J. Harriman.
MONOECIA TETRANDRIA
359. LITTORELLA
1. L. lacustris (Plantain Shore-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 130;
Eng. Bot. 468;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 271;
Lond. t. 168;
With. ii. 270;
Berwick Flora, 204;
At
Prestwick Carr, and on the shores of
Bromley and
Greenley Loughs, also by
Holy Island Lough, N. By
Roadley Lake. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. By Hoseley Lough, N.— Dr. Richardson, Dill. Ray Syn. 316.
360. ALNUS
1. A. glutinosa (Common Alder)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 131;
Hook. Lond. t. 59;
Fl. Scot. 271;
Betula alnus
With. ii. 286;
Berwick Flora, 204;
Eng. Bot. 1508;
By rivers, lakes, and pools of water.
361. URTICA
1. U. pilulifera (Roman Nettle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 134;
Eng. Bot. 148;
With. iii. 280;
On the Ballast-hills of Tyne and Wear, N. and D., rare.
2. U. urens (Small Nettle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 134;
Eng. Bot. 1230;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 70;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 271;
Everywhere on cultivated ground.
3. U. dioica (Great Nettle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 135;
Eng. Bot. 1750;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 69;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 271;
On waste ground everywhere.
MONOECIA PENTANDRIA
362. XANTHIUM
1. X. strumarium (Broad-leaved Bur-weed)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 136;
Eng. Bot. 2544;
With. ii. 384;
On
Byker and
Willington ballast-hills, N. On
Jarrow and
South Shields ballast-hills, D. On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
363. AMARANTHUS
1. A. Blitum (Wild Amaranth)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 137;
Eng. Bot. 2212;
With. ii. 248;
On
Willington ballast-hills, N. On
Hebburn and
Jarrow ballast-hills, D. On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
364. BRYONIA
1. B. dioica (Red-berried Bryony)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 138;
Eng. Bot. 439;
With. ii. 102;
B. alba
Lightfoot, 590;
Woodv. t. 189;
In hedges near
Birtley,
Gainford,
Darlington, and
Bishop Auckland, D. At
Barneyside, Miss Forster, delin; and
Rugley near Alnwick, N. — Mr. J. Davison.
Not a common plant in the north.
MONOECIA POLYANDRIA
365. CERATOPHYLLUM
1. C. demersum (Common Hornwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 141;
Eng. Bot. 947;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 272;
With. ii. 579;
In ditches on
Durham Moor. — Rev. J. Symons.
366. MYRIOPHYLLUM
1. M. spicatum (Spiked Water-Milfoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 143;
Eng. Bot. 83;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 272;
With. ii. 519;
Berwick Flora, 205;
In loughs, ponds, and rivulets, frequent. N. and D.
In Tweed and ponds near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. M. verticillatum (Verticillate Water Milfoil)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 143;
Eng. Bot. 218;
With. ii. 519;
At
Polam, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
The limit of its range to the north.
367. SAGITTARIA
1. S. sagittifolia (Common Arrow-head)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 144;
Eng. Bot. 84;
With, iii 678;
Near
Bellingham and
Norton. — Mr. Backhouse. In becks near
Witton,
Thorp,
Portrack, and
Stockton, D. — J. Hogg, Esq.
The most northern localities.
368. ARUM
1. A. maculatum (Cuckow-pint, Wake Robin)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 146;
Eng. Bot. 1298;
Woodv. t. 25;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 63;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 272;
Berwick Flora, 205;
In woods and under hedges, frequent.
369. POTERIUM
1. P. Sanguisorba (Common Burnet)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 147;
Eng. Bot. 860;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 273;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 64;
With. iii. 654;
Berwick Flora, 206;
On dry Limestone hills, not very rare. On
Spindlestone Hills, N. — Dr. G. Johnstone.
370. QUERCUS
1. Q. Robur (Common British Oak)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 148;
Eng. Bot. 1342;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 373;
Berwick Flora, 206;
Woodv. t. 126;
Q. foemina
With. ii. 516;
Q. pedunculata
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 450;
In woods and hedges, everywhere.
2. Q. sessiliflora (Sessile-fruited Oak)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 150;
Eng. Bot. 1845;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 273;
Berwick Flora, 207;
Q. Robur
With. ii. 515;
In woods and hedges, frequent.
371. FAGUS
1. F. Castanea (Chesnut-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 151;
Eng. Bot. 886;
With. ii. 583;
Castanea vulgaris
Hook. Br. Fl. 408;
In plantations.
Not a native of the north of England.
2. F. sylvatica (Beech-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 152;
Eng. Bot. 1847;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 274;
Berwick Flora, 207;
In woods and hedges, common.
372. BETULA
1. B. alba (Common Birch)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 153;
Eng. Bot. 2198;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 274;
Berwick Flora, 208;
B. pendula
Lindley's Syn. 229.
In mountainous woods and by lakes, frequent. Roth and Lindley consided Betula pendula a distinct species from B. alba
owing to its weeping branches; and, when young, its bark being smooth and warted.
373. CARPINUS
1. C. Betulus (Horn-beam)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 155;
Eng. Bot. 2032;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 274;
In plantations.
Not originally a native of the north of England.
374. CORYLUS
1. C. Avellana (Hazel-nut-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 157;
Eng. Bot. 723;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 275;
Lond. t. 17;
Berwick Flora, 208;
In woods, hedges, and denes, common.
MONOECIA MONADELPHIA
375. PINUS
1. P. sylvestris (Scotch Fir)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 158;
Eng. Bot. 2460;
Lightfoot, 587;
Woodv. t. 207;
With. iii. 811;
Only in planted woods at present, though the roots and trunks of the Fir abound in all the bogs on our highest moors.
DIOECIA DIANDRIA
376. SALIX
1. S. triandra (Long-leaved Triandrous Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 166;
Eng. Bot. 1435;
With. ii. 65;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 278;
In hedges near
Chester-le-Street, D. On the
banks of the Pont at Ponteland, N.
Rare in the north.
2. S. amygdalina (Broad-leaved Triandrous Willow, Almond-leaved Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 169;
Eng. Bot. 1637;
With. ii. 66;
In hedges near
Birtley, and at
Chester-le-Street new bridge, also at
Beamish and on the banks of the Derwent, D. In
Heaton Wood, and in hedges near
Gilsland and
Cambo, at
Allan Heads, and on the
banks of Little Cow Lough, also near the
Roman station at Risingham, N.
3. S. pentandra (Sweet Willow, Bay-leaved Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 171;
Eng. Bot. 1805;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 279;
With. ii. 69;
Berwick Flora, 212;
In the
Roman Foss between Shewing-shields and
Carrow, in hedges near
Gilsland and
House-steads, in
Heaton Wood, on the banks of North Tyne and of Tweed, N. By the
Team near Beamish and
Pockerley, on the
banks of Wear near Chester-le-Street new bridge, and of
Tees near Eglestone, also
between Norton and Billingham, D. Near
West Boldon and
Cleadon, D.— Mr. R. Waugh and Mr. J. Thornhill. Near
Berwick, not uncommon. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. S. radicans (Rooting-branched Willow)
Sm. Fl. Brit. iii. 1053;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 280;
Br. Fl. 428;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 21;
S. phylicifolia
Sm. Fl. Brit. iii. 1049;
Eng. Fl. iv. 173;
Eng. Bot. 1958;
With. ii. 71.
By ditches communicating with
Prestwick Carr, N. On
both banks of Derwent above Blanchland, N. and D.
That this is not Salix phylicifolia of the Swedish botanists I am certain, from Lapland specimens communicated by the late Dr. Swartz. The figure in the English Botany is good, and agrees with the plant received from Sir J. Smith.
5. S. bicolor (Shining dark-green Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 178;
Eng. Bot. 1806;
With. ii. 70;
S. lamina
Sm. Linn. Tr. vi. 122.
On the
banks of Wear near Lumley Castle, and on Tees from Croft to Middleton, D. On the banks of Derwent, and of
Beldon and
Nuckton bourns above Blanchland, D. and N. In the hedges
north of Cambo, N.
By the Lune at its junction with the Tees.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
6. S. vitellina (Yellow Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 182;
Eng. Bot. 1389;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 281;
With. ii. 72;
On the banks of Team, Tyne, and Wear, D. and N. At
Morton Carrs, D. — Mr. Janson.
7. S. decipiens (Deceiving Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 183;
Eng. Bot. 1937;
With. ii. 68;
Berwick Flora, 212;
On the banks of Tyne, Wear, Team, and Derwent, N. and D.
By the sides of Grange Bourn near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
8. S. fragilis (Crack Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 184;
Eng. Bot. 1807;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 279;
With. ii. 73;
In denes and on the banks of rivers, frequent.
9. S. Russelliana (Bedford Willow, Leicestershire or Dishley Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 186;
Eng. Bot. 1808;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 279;
With. ii. 67;
Berwick Flora, 212;
On the banks of Wear and Tees, D. Near
Haughton and
Cockerton, D. — Mr. Janson. Near
Cambo and
Wallington, also by the Pont and in
Heaton Dene, N. By the Tweed, common. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Alnwick, N. — Miss Forster, delin.
10. S. Helix (Rose Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 188;
Eng. Bot. 1343;
With. ii. 63;
Berwick Flora, 212;
S. monandra
Curt. Lond. Fasc. vi. t. 71, excluding f. 2.
On the banks of the rivers Tweed, Tyne, Derwent, Wear, and Tees, N. and D., but not very abundant, nor does it occur near Newcastle.
11. S. Forbiana (Basket Osier)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 191;
Eng. Bot. 1344;
With. ii. 64;
Berwick Flora, 214;
S. fissa
Sm. Linn. Tr. vi. 115.
Mas. and Foem. On the banks of Team, Derwent, Tees, Tyne, and Wear, N. and D.
By the Tyne at Hopper's Fishery below Paradise, N. On the banks of
Wooler Water, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
Very distinct from S. Helix in the shape and texture of its leaves and its mode of growth. The figure in the English Botany is but indifferent.
12. S. rubra (Green-leaved Osier)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 191;
Eng. Bot. 1145;
With. ii. 64;
S. fissa
Hoff. Sal. i. 61, t. 13, 14;
Mas. and Foem.
By the Wear at Durham, and
Chester-le-Street new bridge, also on the
banks of the Derwent near Ebchester, D. — Foem. About Newcastle N., and
Gateshead D.
13. S. Croweana (Broad-leaved Monadelphous Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 192;
Eng. Bot. 1146;
With. ii. 65;
S. Weigilliana
Hook. Br. Fl. 429;
S. nitens Foem.
Eng. Bot. t. 2655;
Mas.
North of Cambo, and near
Roadley Lake, N. — Mas. and Foem. On the banks of Tees near
Eglestone, and
above Middleton-in-Teesdale, also of
Wear at Burtreeford in Weardale, D. On the banks of Derwent, and of
Beldon and
Nuckton Bourns above Blanchland, N. and D.
With us, the stamens of this willow are combined, proving it to be distinct from Salix Weigelliana of Willdenow, its garmens are also downy as Smith correctly described them.— See Hook. Eng. Fl. p. 430.
14. S. arenaria (Downy Mountain Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 204;
Eng. Bot. 1809;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 283;
With. ii. 78;
S. lapponum
Lightfoot, 604;
Hudson, 651;
Foem. On the Teesdale moors, but I do not know the exact spot, D. — Rev. J. Harriman, Sp.
Its most southern locality.
15. S. argentea (Silky Sand Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 206;
Eng. Bot. 1364;
With. ii. 78;
Berwick Flora, 214;
S. arenaria
Lightfoot, 604;
S. repens
Hook. Fl. Scot. 284;
Near Percy's Cross and by
Roadley Lake, N. On the
sea sands near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. At
Birch Carr, D.— Mr. Janson.
Probably an erect growing variety of S. repens.
16. S. repens (Creeping Dwarf Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 209;
Eng. Bot. 183;
With. ii. 81;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 284;
Berwick Flora, 214;
S. prostrata
Eng. Bot. 1959;
Berwick Flora, 214;
S. parvifolia
S. ascendens
Eng. Bot. 1962;
On wet moors, not rare.
Newcastle Town Moor, N;
Gateshead Fell D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G.Johnston.
17. S. fusca (Brownish Dwarf Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 210;
Eng. Bot. 1960;
With. ii. 80;
S. repens
Hook. Fl. Scot. 284;
Mas. In barren pastures near
Shewing Shields, on the Roman Wall, N. On the
banks of Waskerley Bourn, D.
This little willow is well figured in the English Botany, it is a dwarf, but upright shrub, with nearly smooth leaves. Having never seen female catkins, I will not take upon me to say that it may not be one of the endless varieties of Salix repens.
18. S. rosmarinifolia (Rosemary-leaved Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 214;
Eng. Bot. 1365;
With. ii. 82;
Foem. On the
banks of the Derwent, near Friar Side, D. Near
Ebchester, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill.
19. S. aurita (Round-eared Willow, Trailing Sallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 216;
Eng. Bot. 1487;
With. ii. 83;
Berwick Flora, 215;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 285;
Dill. Ray, 450;
α In woods and hedges; β on sterile moors.
20. S. aquatica (Common Willow, Water Sallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 218;
Eng. Bot. 1437;
With. ii. 83;
Berwick Flora, 215;
S. cinerea
Hook. Fl. Scot. 284;
S. oleifolia
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 219;
Eng. Bot. 1402;
With. ii. 84;
Berwick Flora, 216;
Forster's Tonb. 111;
S. cinerea
Hook. Fl. Scot. 284;
S. cinerea
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 215;
Eng. Bot. 1897;
With. ii. 82;
Forster, Tonb. 111;
Berwick Flora, 215;
α In woods and hedges, common. β generally on the banks of rivers, γ on the
banks of Irthing near Gilsland, N. In hedges about
two miles north of Chester-le-Street, D. In
Allerton Mill Dene and other places near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston. Through the medium of specimens communicated to me long ago by Mr. E. Forster and Mr. D. Turner, I am acquainted with the three preceding varieties of this willow, considered by Smith as three species. The fructifications of all, are alike, the leaves of α are broader than those of β, which is the only difference between them, but γ has rather a better right to be considered distinct. It is a low
growing tree, with leaves much smaller than the first and second varieties. At the
foot of Derwentwater, Cumberland, it is abundant.
21. S. hirta (Hairy-branched Sallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 221;
Eng. Bot. 1404;
Hook. Br. Fl. 426;
With. ii. 90;
In
Castle Eden Dene, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
22. S. rupestris (Silky Rock Sallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 222;
Eng. Bot. 2342;
With. ii. 90;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 285;
Br. Fl. 427;
Foem. By the
Derwent above Blanchland, N. and D. By the
Wear near Burtreeford, D.
23. S. Andersoniana (Green Mountain Sallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 223;
Eng. Bot. 2343;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 285;
Br. Fl. 427;
Mas. In
Heaton Dene. Foem. By the
River Derwent above Blanchland, N.
24. S. Forsteriana (Glaucous Mountain Sallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 224;
Eng. Bot. 2344;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 285;
Br. Fl. 427;
Foem. In
Heaton Dene, N. On the
south banks of Tyne near Friar's Goose, D.
By the Derwent above Blanchland, N. and D. In a hedge at
Mount Pleasant Near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. In hedges near the
Chain Bridge over the Tweed, N.
25. S. caprea (Great Round-leaved Sallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 225;
Eng. Bot. 1488;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 286;
With. ii. 85;
Berwick Flora, 217;
In woods and hedges, common.
26. S. acuminata (Long-leaved Sallow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 227;
Eng. Bot. 1434;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 286;
With. ii. 86;
Berwick Flora, 217;
On the
banks of Irthing at Gilsland, N. By
Nuckton Bourn above Blanchland, N. and D. By
Morton Carr, D — Mr. Janson. In hedges near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
27. S. viminalis (Common Osier)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 228;
Eng. Bot. 1898;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 287;
With. ii. 88;
Berwick Flora, 217;
By ditches and on the banks of rivers, common.
28. S. Smithiana (Silky-leaved Osier)
Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 229;
Berwick Flora, 217;
S. mollissima
Eng. Bot. 1509;
With. ii. 87;
In hedges near
Prestwick Carr, in
Pandon Dene near Newcastle, at
Jesmond,
Chirton,
Kirkwhelpington,
Cambo,
Roadley, and on
Holy Island, N. At the
Hope and near Leatham-shank in the vicinity of BerwickDr. G. Johnston. At
Whitburn, and by the
Wear at Lambton, D.
29. S. ferrugiuca (Ferrugineous Willow)
Hook. Br. Fl. 424;
Eng. Bot. ii. 2665;
On the banks of Tyne near
Warden, N.
I also gathered this willow several Years since, growing, together with Salix tenuifolia of Smith, a little below Kirby Lonsdale Bridge, Westmorland.
30. S. alba (Common White Willow)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 231;
Eng. Bot. 2430;
Berwick Flora, 218;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 287;
With. ii. 89;
S. caerulea
Eng. Bot. 2431;
In woods and hedges.
Between varieties α and β I can perceive no difference.
DIOECIA TRIANDRIA
377. EMPETRUM
1. E. nigrum (Black Crow, or Crake Berry)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 233;
Eng. Bot. 526;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 209;
With. ii. 250;
Berwick Flora, 218;
On moors, frequent.
378. RUSCUS
1. R. aculcatus (Common Butchers-broom)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 235;
Eng. Bot. 560;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 288;
Woodv. Supp. t. 237;
With. ii. 103;
Near
Cockerton. — Mr. James Backhouse. In
Cliff Wood, D.−W. Weighell's Herb.
DIOECIA TETRANDRIA
379. VISCUM
1. V. album (Common White Misseltoe)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 236;
Eng. Bot. 1470;
Woodv. Supp. 270;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 288;
With. ii. 281;
In woods at
Chipchase, rare. Introduced from the south of England into Sir D. Smith's garden at Alnwick, N. — Miss Pringle. Near
Bedlington, N. — The Rev. Mr. Coates. Also introduced into the gardens at
Bradley, D.
I have never been so fortunate as to meet with this parasite in the north, and cannot recollect who informed me that it had been seen either at Chipchase or at
Bradley.
380. MYRICA
1. M. Gale (Sweet Gale, Dutch Myrtle)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 239;
Eng. Bot. 562;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 288;
With. ii. 287;
Berwick Flora, 219;
On moors near
Harbottle Castle, and by
Roadley Lake, N. On the south side of Tyne opposite Hepple, and
between Woodhall and Harbottle. — Mr. E. Woodhouse. On the
banks of Kimmer Lake near Ellingham, N. — Wallis, 154;. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
DIOECIA PENTANDRIA
381. HUMULUS
1. H. Lupulus (Hop)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 240;
Eng. Bot. 427;
Gr. Fl. Scot. 209;
With. ii. 375;
Naturalized in hedges near
Jesmond,
Hexham,
Ovingham,
Wylam, and
Dilston, N. On the
banks of Hyshope Bourn, D. Near
Norton, D. J.Hogg, Esq.
DIOECIA HEXANDRIA
382. TAMUS
1. T. communis (Black Briony)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 241;
Eng. Bot. 91;
With. ii. 460;
In
Dalton,
Hawthorn, and
Castle Eden Denes, also in woods at
Hetton, and near
Hilton Castle on the Wear, D. In hedges about
Norton and near
Wynyard on the Fulthorp road, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. On the woody bank in
Heaton Dene, below Benton Bridge, N — Mr. J. Thornhill, jun.
Its most northern locality.
DIOECIA OCTANDRIA
383. POPULUS
1. P. alba (Great White Poplar, Abele-tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 243;
Eng. Bot. 1618;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 288;
Berwick Flora, 219;
In woods, hedges, and denes. It may also be noticed at a considerable elevation on the sides of our moors; truly indigenous.
2. P. canescens (Grey Poplar)
3. P. tremula (Ash Aspen, Trembling Poplar)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 244;
Eng. Bot. 1909;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 289;
Berwick Flora, 219;
In woods and hedges, common.
4. P. nigra (Black Poplar)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 245;
Eng. Bot. 1910;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 289;
Berwick Flora, 220;
On the banks of rivers and in hedges, frequent.
384. RHODIOLA
1. R. rosea (Mountain Rose-root)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 246;
Eng. Bot. 508;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 289;
With. ii. 518;
Berwick Flora, 220;
At the
head of Cauledge Bourn, among the Cheviots, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
This plant which usually grows in Alpine situations has been found on rocks near the sea coast between Berwick and Fast Castle, and in a ravine near St. Abbs' Head, by Dr. G. Johnston, and between Lamberton and Burnmouth, by the Rev. A. Baird.
DIOECIA ENNEANDRIA
385. MERCURIALIS
1. M. perennis (Dog's Mercury, Perennial Mercury)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 248;
Eng. Bot. 1872;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 65;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 289;
Berwick Flora, 221;
In denes, woods, and under hedges, frequent.
2. M. annua (Annual Mercury)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 248;
Eng. Bot. 559;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. v. t. 68;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 211;
With. ii. 521;
On rubbish by the road side on
Newcastle Town Moor, N. About Newcastle. — S. Robson's Flora, 223. About
Sunderland, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
386. HYDROCHARIS
1. H. Morsus-ranae (Common Frogbit)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 250;
Eng. Bot. 808;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iii. t. 64;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 211;
With. ii. 523;
In a ditch behind
St. Anthon's ballast-hills, N.
DIOECIA MONADELPHIA
387. JUNIPERUS
1. J. communis (Common Juniper)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 251;
Eng. Bot. 1100;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 290;
Woodv. t. 95;
With. iii. 790;
Berwick Flora, 221;
J. nana
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 252;
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 854;
J. communis
Lightfoot, 623;
With. 709, var. 2. β,
α In
Castle Eden Dene, and on the cliffs between it and Black Halls, in woods on the banks of Tees, also on moors near
Lanchester and
Auckland, D. On Bede Hills and
banks at West Dipton near Hexham, N. On the
sea banks in the vicinity of Berwick, also on
Chapel Hill near Belford.— Thompson's Berwick Plants. On the
banks of Tyne near the Riding below Hexham, N. — Wallis, 142;. β On
Teesdale Moors above the High Force, β. On
Broad-pool Common near Swinburne, N.— Wallis, 142;.
β Is no more than a procumbent alpine variety of the Common Juniper.
388. TAXUS
1. T. baccata (Yew Tree)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 253;
Eng. Bot. 746;
Lightfoot, 626;
With. iii. 809;
Berwick Flora, 221;
On rocks in
Castle Eden Dene, and on the
banks of Derwent above Gibside, also in
Shipley Wood near Eglestone in Teesdale, D. In the cliffs on the western margin of the Allen, N.— Wallis, 136;.
Truly indigenous in all these localities.
POLYGAMIA MONOECIA
389. ATRIPLEX
1. A. portulacoides (Shrubby Orache)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 256;
Eng. Bot. 261;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 211;
With. ii. 372;
At the
mouth of Coble Dene near North Shields, N. On the
shores of Wear near Hilton Dene, and at
Hartlepool, D.
2. A. laciniata (Frosted Sea Orache)
3. A. patula (Spreading Halberd-leaved Orache)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 257;
Eng. Bot. 936;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 212;
Berwick Flora, 223;
With. ii. 372;
A. hastata
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 66.
γ Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 258; Dill. Ray's Syn. 152.
α On waste ground and dunghills; γ on the sea beach, not rare.
4. A. angustifolia (Spreading Narrow-leaved Orache)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 258;
Eng. Bot. 1774;
With. ii. 373;
Berwick Flora, 224;
A. patula
Lightfoot, 637;
Hudson, 443;
On cultivated and waste ground, common.
5. A. littoralis (Grass-leaved Sea Orache)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 260;
Eng. Bot. 708;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 212;
With. ii. 374;
Berwick Flora, 224;
In salt marshes, frequent.
6. A. pedunculata (Stalked Sea Orache)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 261;
Eng. Bot. 232;
With. ii. 375;
On
Sunderland ballast-hills, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
PART II. CRYPTOGAMIC PLANTS
CRYPTOGAMIA CHARACEAE
1. CHARA
1. C. vulgaris (Common Chara)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 6;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 281;
Eng. Bot. 336;
Berwick Flora, 2;
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 345;
C. Hedwigii
Trevelyan, MSS.
α In muddy ditches and ponds, common. β in
streams running into the Weel near Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
2. C. hispida (Prickly Chara)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 7;
Eng. Bot. 463;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 281;
With. ii. 3;
C. tomentosa
Hudson, 398;
Robson's Flora, 295.
α In a pond at
Hartley old engine, and in pools near
Hartley Link House, N. In
Hell-kettles Near
Darlington, D. In ponds at
Norton. — J. Hogg, .Esq. At
Polam. — Mr. Backhouse, α and β in the
Whey Syke near Widdy Bank, on Teesdale Forest, D.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
3. C. aspera (Rough Chara)
Gr. Cryp. Fl. t. 339;
At
Prestwick Carr, N. — Mr. Wm. Robertson. In the
Lough on Holy Island, N.— Dr. G. Johnston. In the
Irthing at Gilsland, also in
Grindon and
Crag Loughs, N. — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp.
4. C. flexilis (Smooth Chara)
Sm. Eng. Fl. i. 7;
Eng. Bot. 1070;
With. ii. 4;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 280;
In an old quarry in Leming Lane, and at
Cocken, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. Backhouse. In a pond at
Walker, and in
Bromley and
Crag Loughs near Shewing-shields, N. In the
mouth of the rivulet at Goswick, N. — Thompson's Berwick Plants.
EQUISETACEAE
2. EQUISETUM
1. E. sylvaticum (Branched Wood Horsetail)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 336;
Eng. Bot. 1874;
Bolt. Fil, t. 32, 33;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 215;
With. iii. 979;
Berwick Flora, ii. 5;
In woods and denes, frequent.
2. E. fluviatile (Great Bog Horsetail)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 337;
Eng. Bot. 2022;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 213;
Bolt. Fil. t. 36, 37;
With. iii. 981;
Berwick Flora, ii. 5;
In boggy woods, not rare.
3. E. arvense (Corn Horsetail)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 337;
Eng. Bot. 2020;
Bolt. Fil. t. 34;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. iv. t. 64;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 213;
With. iii. 979;
Berwick Flora, ii. 7;
In woods and fallow fields, common.
4. E. palustre (Marsh Horsetail)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 338;
Eng. Bot. 2021;
Bolt. Fil. t. 35;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 161;
With. iii. 980;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 215;
Berwick Flora, ii. 7;
By slow streams, and in ditches.
5. E. limosum (Smooth Naked Horsetail)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 339;
Eng. Bot. 929;
Bolt. Fil. t. 38;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 214;
With. iii. 981;
Berwick Flora, ii. 8;
In ponds and watery places, but not frequent.
5. E. hyemale (Rough Horsetail, Shave-grass)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 339;
Eng. Bot. 915;
Berwick Flora, ii. 8;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 214;
With. iii. 983;
Hook. Lond. t. 161;
In woods not uncommon, N. and D. In
Castle Eden Dene, D.— S. Robson's Flora, 263.
7. E. variegatum (Variegated Rough Horsetail)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 340;
Eng. Bot. 1987;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 161;
By the
river Irthing at Gilsland, N.— Mr. J. Thompson, Sp. Near
Winch Bridge, by the
Whey Syke, and
opposite the mouth of the Lune in Teesdale, D.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
The most southern localities in Britain.
MARSILEACEAE
3. ISOETES
1. I. lacustris (Quill-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 343;
Eng. Bot. 1084;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 160;
Lond. t. 131;
With. iii. 988;
In
Crag Lake, N. Rare, and unaccompanied by its usual attendant in the northern lakes, the elegant Lobelia Dortmanna
4. PILULARIA
1. P. globulifera (Pill-wort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 342;
Eng. Bot. 521;
Hook. Lond. t. 83;
Bolt. Fil. t. 40;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 215;
With. iii. 987;
At
Prestwick Carr, N. Near a
pond by the road half a mile north of Wolsington House, N. — Mr. R. Waugh and Mr. J. Thornhill.
LYCOPODINEAE
5. LYCOPODIUM
1. L. clavatum (Common Club-moss)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 331;
Eng. Bot. 224;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 159;
With. iii. 984;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 215;
Berwick Flora, ii. 20;
On moors, frequent.
2. L. Selaginoides (Prickly Club-moss)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 332;
Eng. Bot. 1148;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 159;
With. iii. 984;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 216;
Berwick Flora, ii. 21;
In bogs, but not very common. On the
Mucklemoss, near the Roman Wall, and at
Prestwick Carr, N. On the Weardale and Teesdale Moors, and on
Gateshead Fell, D.
3. L. Selago (Fir Club-moss)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 333;
Eng. Bot. 233;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 216;
With. iii. 985;
Berwick Flora, ii. 21;
On moors, frequent.
4. L. alpinum (Savin-leaved Club-moss)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 334;
Eng. Bot. 234;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 216;
With. iii. 986;
Berwick Flora, ii. 22;
On alpine moors, not rare.
FILICES
6. OPHIOGLOSSUM
1. O. vulgatum (Common Adder's-tongue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 329;
Eng. Bot. 108;
Hook. Lond. t. 78;
Bolt. Fil. t. 3;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 217;
With. iii. 989;
In meadows near
Fulwell,
Gateshead, and
Saltwellside, D. In
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. Near
Netherwitton, N. — Miss Forster, delin. By a
foot way below Honeycleugh Crag on the east side of a streamlet near Chester Wood, N. — Wallis, 243;.
7. BOTRYCHIUM
1. B. Lunaria (Common Moonwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 328;
Hook. Lond. t. 66;
Fl. Scot. ii. 158;
Berwick Flora, ii 19;
Osmunda Lunaria
Eng. Bot. 318;
Bolt. Fil. t. 4;
With, ii. 990;
On the
sea coast between South Shields and Sunderland, near
Marsden, on Gateshead Fell,
Beamish Moor,
Lanchester Fell, and near the
High Force of Tees, D. On
moors near Blanchland, on the
coast near Tynemouth, on
Newcastle Town Moor, also near
Longhorsley and
Alnwick, on Hexham Fell and
Bradley Crags near St. Oswald, N. Near
Cambo,
Netherwitton, and at
Shaftoe Crags near Wallington, N — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On
both sides of the Roman Wall, at Tower-tay, near Wallwick, and near the
High Woodhouse, or West Wood near Hexham. — Wallis, 244;. Near
Langley Ford, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
8. BLECHNUM
1. B. boreale (Northern Blechnum, Rough Spleenwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 316;
Eng. Bot. 1159;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 157;
Berwick Flora, ii. 17;
B. Spicant
With. iii. 994;
Osmunda Spicant
Curt. Lond. Fasc. ii. t. 67;
Bolt. Fil. t. 6;
On heaths and moors, and in denes, not rare.
9. PTERIS
1. P. aquilina (Common Brakes)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 318;
Eng. Bot. 1679;
Bolt. Fil. t. 16;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 156;
Berwick Flora, ii. 18;
On moors, and in woods and denes, common.
10. CRYPTOGRAMMA
1. C. crispa (Curled or Rock Brakes)
Hook. Brit. Fl. 449;
Pteris crispa
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 319;
Eng. Bot. 1160;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 156;
Berwick Flora, ii. 19;
With. iii. 993;
Osmunda crispa
Bolt. Fil. t. 7;
Hudson, 450;
On
Basaltic rocks on which the Roman Wall is built above Crag Lake, and at the
foot of Cheviot beyond Langley Ford, N. Near the
summit of Cheviot. — Dr. G. Johnston. On the banks of Common Bourn, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In
Waskerly Park, and on stone walls in Teesdale Forest, D.
11. SCOLOPENDRIUM
1. S. vulgare (Common Hart's-tongue)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 314;
Eng. Bot. 1150;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 218;
Berwick Flora, ii. 17;
Asplenium Scolopendrium
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 67;
Bolt. Fil. 1 1;
Woodv. Supp. t. 272;
With. iii. 995;
In
Cawsey and
Cocken Woods, in
Castle Eden Dene, and on the
Roman station near Lanchester, D. In
Benwell,
Scotswood, and
Wallbottle Denes, and in woods near
Alnwick, N. At
Honeycleugh Crag, near Chester Wood, on South Tyne, and in the gill at
Sandhoe near Hexham, N. — Wallis, 246;.
12. ASPLENIUM
1. A. Trichomanes (Common Maidenhair Spleenwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 305;
Eng. Bot. 576;
Hook. Lond. t. 156;
Fl. Scot. ii. 155;
Woodv. t. 204;
Bolt. Fil. t. 13;
With. iii. 997;
Berwick Flora, ii. 16;
In
Cawsey and
Gibside Woods, and on the rocks at
Boldon,
Cleadon, and
Castle Eden, D. On
Whitburn church, D. — Rev. J. Symons. On the ruins of
Hulne Abbey, and on
Gunnerton Crags, also on rocks at
Rothbury, N.
2. A. viride (Green Maidenhair Spleenwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 306;
Eng. Bot. 2257;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 155;
Bolt. Fil. t. 14;
With. iii. 998;
On Basaltic rocks
below the High Force, at Cauldron Snout, and the
Widdy Bank, Teesdale, D. In
Irehope Dene in Weardale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. At
Wardrew and Whinnetly, N. — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp.
3. A. marinum (Sea Spleenwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 307;
Eng. Bot. 392;
Hook. Lond. t. 60;
Fl. Scot. ii. 155;
Bolt. Fil. t. 15;
With. iii. 998;
Berwick Flora, ii. 16;
On Magnesian Limestone rocks,
on the coast near Byers's Quarry in the vicinity of Whitburn, and near
Seaton, D. At
Black Hall Dene near Hartlepool, D. — Rev. Jas. Dalton.
4. A. Ruta muraria (Wall-rue Spleenwort, White Maidenhair)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 309;
Eng. Bot. 150;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 156;
Bolt. Fil. t. 16;
With. iii. 999;
Berwick Flora, ii. 16;
On rocks on
Boldon and
Cleadon Hills, and at
Castle Eden Dene, also on walls at
Gibside and near
Hilton Castle, and at the
Roman station near Lanchester, D. On
Ovingham Church walls, and on the
Roman Wall at Shewing Shields, also at
Alnwick, N. On the
bridge at Corbridge, and on the
church wall at Simonburn, N. — Wallis, 249;.
5. A. Adiantum nigrum (Black Maidenhair, Spleenwort)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 310;
Bolt. Fil. t. 17;
Eng. Bot. 1950;
Berwick Flora, ii. 16;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 219;
With. iii. 1000;
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 311;
Pluk. Phyt. t. 282, f. 3;
α On the walls of
Blanchland Church, and on crags at
West Dipton near Hexham, on the
Town walls of Newcastle, and rocks at
Warkworth Hermitage and walls at
Alnwick, also
near Haltwhistle, N. In the
Freestone quarry on the west side of Hallbarns, and in the wood at
Blakelaw opposite Low Moralee near Wark in TynedaleWallis, 248;. On the
sea banks beyond Hudshead, and on
Chapel Crags near Belford. — Dr. Thompson. Near
Berwick, not rare, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. On rocks in
Cawsey Dene, and near the
High Force Teesdale, also on walls at
Lumley Castle, D. On ruins at
Bear's Park, D. — Rev. J. Symons. β on rocks at
Cocken, D., rare.
13. ASPIDIUM
1. A. Lonchitis (Rough Alpine Shield-fern)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 284;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 153;
Polypodium Lonchitis
Eng. Bot. 797;
Bolt. Fil. t. 19;
With. iii. 1004;
In fissures of rocks
between Widdy Bank and Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D.
First found by the Rev. J. Harriman.
2. A. Oreopteris (Heath Shield-fern, Fragrant-fern)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 286;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 222;
Berwick Flora, ii. 11;
Polypodium Oreopteris
Eng. Bot. 1019;
With. iii. 1005;
P. Thelypteris
Bolt. Fil. 40, 22, f. 1, 2.
In the
west quarries near Spring Gardens, Newcastle, and at the
foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, N. In
Cawsey Wood, on
Gateshead Fell, on
Beamish Moor, near
Urpeth, and on the
banks of Pont Bourn, also in
Waskerley Dene, and near
Medomsley and
Darlington, D. On the
banks of Derwent above Blanchland, and of
Beldon and
Nuckton Bourns, D. and N. In
Arngill, D. — Mr. J. Backhouse.
3. A. Filix-mas (Male Fern, Male Shield-fern)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 288;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 154;
Lond. t. 40;
Eng. Bot. 1458;
Berwick Flora, ii. 11;
A. cristatum
Eng. Bot. 1949;
Polypodium Felix-mas
Woodv. t. 49;
Bolt. Fil. t. 44.
In woods, denes, and on hedge banks, common.
4. A. lobatum (Close-leaved Prickly Shield-fern)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 291;
Eng. Bot. 1563;
Berwick Flora, ii. 11;
Forster, Tonbr. 118;
A. aculeatum
Hook. Fl. Scot ii. 154;
Br. Fl. 443;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 221;
Polypodium lobatum
Hudson, 459;
P. Lonchitidi affinis
Ray. Syn., 2d ed., 48;
Aspidium aculeatum
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 290;
α and β in woods and denes, common. β being the plant in a young state.
Though A. lobatum
is common in every wood in these counties, I have never met with A. aculeatum or its variety A. angulare, which grow in the dene above and below the
Pease Bridge in Berwickhire.— See Berwick Flora. In the south of England it is common.
5. A. dilatatum (Great Crested Shield-fern)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 293;
Eng. Bot. 1461;
Forster, Tonbr. 119;
Berwick Flora, ii. 14;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 154;
Polypodium cristatum
Bolt. Fil. t. 23;
With. iii. 1010;
A. spinulosum
Eng. Bot. t. 1460;
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 292;
Forster's Tonb. 119;
Swartz, Syn. Fil. 54, according to specimens from the Author.
α In woods and denes, frequent. β in
Cawsey Wood, D. On
Shaftoe Crags near Wallington, N.
β Should scarcely be considered a variety, being merely the young state of the plant.
6. A. Filix-foemina (Female Shield-fern)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 295;
Eng. Bot. 1459;
Berwick Flora, ii. 14;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 155;
Polypodium Filix-foemina
Hudson, 458;
Bolt. Fil. t. 25.
In woods, denes, and under hedges, frequent.
14. POLYPODIUM
1. P. vulgare (Common Polypody)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 280;
Eng. Bot. 1149;
Woodv. Supp. 271;
Bolt. Fil. t. 18;
Curt. Lond. Fasc. i. t. 68;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 153;
Berwick Flora, ii. 10;
On old walls, shady banks, and the trunks of trees.
2. P. Phegopteris (Pale Mountain Polypody)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 282;
Eng. Bot. 2224;
Bolt. Fil. t. 20;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 222;
With. iii. 1005;
Berwick Flora, ii. 10;
In
Cawsey Wood and
Waskerley Dene, D. In
Cowclose and
Arngills, D. — Mr. Jas. Backhouse. On rocks at the
foot of Cheviot, above Langley Ford, and at
Shewing-shields, N. On the banks of Derwent, of Nuckton and
Beldon Bourns above Blanchland, N. and D. On the banks of
Fallowlees Bourn, and on
moors near Wallington, N.—
W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
3. P. Dryopteris (Tender Three-branched Polypody)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 282;
Eng. Bot. 616;
Bolt. Fil. t. 28;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 222;
With. iii. 1012;
Berwick Flora, ii. 11;
In
Cawsey Wood,
Feldon and
Waskerly Denes,
Howns Wood, and above
Winch Bridge Teesdale, D. In
Arngill and woods near Darlington, D. — Mr. J. Backhouse. In
Walbottle and
Scotswood Denes, on rocks at the
foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, at
Shewing-shields, and
West Dipton near Hexham, also near
Alnwick, N. On the
banks of the Derwent, and of Nuckton and Beldon Bourns, N. and D. On the banks of
Fallowlees Bourn, near Hartburn, and on the
south bank of the Wansbeck south of Wallington, also in
Twizell Dene, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
15. WOODSIA
1. W. ilvensis (Oblong Woodsia)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 322;
Brown, Linn. Tr. xi. 173;
Polypodium ilvense
Swartz, Syn. Fil. 39.
At the foot of the Basaltic rocks on the
Durham side of the river Tees about two hundred yards below Cauldron Snout.— Mr. J. Backhouse, Sp. Near the
summit of some bold Basaltic rocks called Falcon Clints about ten miles west of Middleton-in-TeesdaleMr. S. Halestone.
These localities cannot be far asunder.
16. CYSTEA
1. C. fragilis (Brittle Bladder-fern)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 298;
Berwick Flora, ii. 16;
Cyathea fragilis
Eng. Bot. 1587;
Aspidium fragile
Gr. Fl. Eds. 220;
Polypodium fragile
Bolt. Fil. t. 27 and 46;
With. iii. 1010;
In
Cawsey Wood, on walls at
Beamish and
Stanhope, on rocks at the
Gunner's Pool in Castle Eden Dene, and in
Ravensworth woods, D. On rocks at
Shewing Shields, and near
Tecket Water-fall, N. On the banks of
Common Bourn near Cheviot.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. On
Little Waney-house Crag near Sweethope lake, N. — Wallis, 254;.
This fern, when growing at different elevations, in various exposures, and on rocks dissimilar in chemical composition, becomes so much altered in general appearance, that it has afforded botanists opportunities of multiplying the species fourfold at least.
2. C. dentata (Toothed Bladder-fern)
Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 300;
Cyathea dentata
Eng. Bot. 1588;
Aspidium dentatum
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 155;
Polypodium dentatum
Dickson, Cryp. iii. 1, t. 7.
On rocks
between Widdy Bank and Cauldron Snout Teesdale, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
I have no specimen collected in this habitat, but those of G. Don, from Ben Lawers, strongly resemble Cystea fragilis of which it is probably a variety.
17. HYMENOPHYLLUM
1. H. Wilsoni (Scottish Filmy-fern)
MUSCI
18. PHASCUM
1. P. serratum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 4;
Berwick Flora, ii. 56;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. 1, 1. 1, f. 1;
Eng. Bot, 460;
Turn. Musc. 4;
P. stoloniferum
Dicks. Crypt. Fasc. 3, t. 7, f. 2;
Eng. Bot. 2006;
Near
Berwick, in corn fields of a light peat soil, not common. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. P. crispum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 6;
Eng. Bot. 1680;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 7;
P. multicapsule
Eng. Bot. 618;
At
West Dipton near Hexham, N. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
3. P. subulatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 6;
Eng. Bot. 2177;
Berwick Flora, ii. 56;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 7;
P. acaule
Dill. Musc. t. 32, f. 10;
On
banks near the Redheugh, Gateshead, D. On the fragment of the Roman wall at
Denton Bourn, also at
Prestwick Carr, in
East Common Wood, and on
Newcastle Town Moor, N. Near
Crowhall Mill, N.— Mr. J. Thompson, Sp.
4. P. axillare
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 7;
Eng. Bot. 1036;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 7;
P. strictum
Eng. Bot. 2093;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iv. t. 10, f. 1.
At
West Dipton near Hexham. N.
5. P. patens
6. P. muticum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 8;
Eng. Bot. 2027;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 7;
Turn. Musc. 3;
Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
7. P. cuspidatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 8;
Eng. Bot. 2025;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 7;
Berwick Flora, ii. 56;
P. Schreberianum
Eng. Bot. 2026;
P. curvisetum
Eng. Bot. 2259;
β piliferum, Hook. and Tay. Musc. 8;. On hedge banks near
Gateshead,
Hedworth,
Jarrow,
Sunderland,
East Murton, and
Medomsley, D. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse. In
East Common Wood, near Hexham, and on walls near
Benwell and
Denton, N. At the
foot of Cheviot, also about
Berwick, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Crowhall Mill, N. — Mr. Jno. Thompson, Sp.
8. P. bryoides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 10;
Eng. Bot. 1180;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 8;
On gravel walks about
Darlington, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
9. P. curvicollum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 11;
Eng. Bot. 905;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 8;
In gravel pits near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
19. SPHAGNUM
1. S. obtusifolium
2. S. squarrosum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 14;
Eng. Bot. 1498;
In bogs on moors, not rare.
3. S. acutifolium
4. S. cuspidatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 15;
Eng. Bot. 2392;
Berwick Flora, ii. 55;
Dill. Musc. t. 2, f. 2 B;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 6;
In bogs; immersed in water.
5. GYMNOSTOMUM
1. G. ovatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 21;
Eng. Bot. 1889;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 10;
Berwick Flora, ii. 54;
On walls near
Benwell,
Denton, and
Newcastle, N. On the
Windmill Hills, Gateshead, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. G. truncatulum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 22;
Eng. Bot. 1975;
Berwick Flora, ii. 53;
β intermedium
Eng. Bot. 1976;
Turn. Musc. vii. t. l. f. a.,
α On walls about
Newcastle, common. β in
Cawsey Wood on the bank near the Bridge, on walls near the Long Bank between Newcastle and Chester-le-Street, also near
Sunderland, D. Near Backworth, Killingworth, and West
Denton, N.
3. G. Heimii
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 22;
Turn. Musc. 9;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 228;
G. obtusum
Eng. Bot. 1407;
Turn. Musc. 9.
In meadows near
Beamish, and on banks near the Law at South Shields, D. At
Heddon-on-the-Wall, and near
Wylam, N. At
Cullercoats, N.— Mr. R.B. Bowman, Sp.
4. G. fasciculare
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 23;
Eng. Bot. 1245;
Turn. Musc. t. 10;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 228;
On boggy ground on the
banks of Tyne above Gateshead, D. On stones in a rivulet above
Edmondbyers, D. — Mr. J. Thornhill. At
Prestwick Carr and in
East Common Wood near Hexham, N.
5. G. pyriforme
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 24;
Eng. Bot. 413;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 10;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 229;
Berwick Flora, ii. 54;
In damp situations near
Urpeth,
Beamish,
Kipp Hill, and
Medomsley, D. Near
Hexham,
Lemington,
Benton, and
Gosforth, N. On rocks at
Ord Mill, near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. G. tenue
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 24;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 11;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 229;
Berwick Flora, ii. 55;
G. paucifolium
Eng. Bot. 2506;
Bryum paucifolium
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iv. t. 11, f. 3;
Dicranum cylindricum
Fl. Brit. 1221;
On a
Sandstone rock in the plantations above Ord Mill near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
7. G. Donianum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 25;
Eng. Bot. 1582;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 10;
On rocks near the
High Force, Teesdale, D. — Mr. R.B. Bowman, Sp.
8. G. microstomum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 25;
Eng. Bot. 2215;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 10;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 229;
In fields near
Saltwellside,
Gateshead, and
Maiden Law, D. At
Prestwick Carr, and in
Dilston Park, N.
21. ANICTANGIUM
1. A. ciliatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 27;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 11;
Berwick Flora, ii. 53;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 229;
Gymnostomum ciliatum
Eng. Bot. 1179;
On rocks in
Waskerley Park, in Teesdale and Weardale, and on the
banks of Derwent near Blanchland, D. On
Shafto Crags, near Wallington, and on trees at
Wardrew, N.
22. DYPHYSCIUM
1. D. foliosum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 32;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 12;
Buxlaumia foliosa
Eng. Bot. 329;
Sm. Fl. Brit. 1148;
Near the
High Force and
Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
23. TETRAPHIS
1. T. pellucida
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 33;
Eng. Bot. 1020;
Berwick Flora, ii. 53;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 230;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 14;
In
Cawsey,
Ravensworth, and
Beamish Woods, and on the banks of Derwent above
Gibside, D. In
Walbottle and
Scotswood Denes, and in
Oakwood and
East Common Wood, N. On
Murton Crags near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. T. Browniana
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 33;
Gr. Crypt. t. 169;
Fl. Edin. 230;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 14;
T. ovata
Hook. and Tay. Musc., 1st ed., 17;
Bryum Brownianum
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iv. t. 10, f. 16;
Orthotrichum Brownianum
Fl. Brit. 1269;
Grimmia Browniana
Eng. Bot. t. 1422 (bad);
On ledges of Sandstone rocks in
Cawsey Dene, D.— Mr. R.B. Bowman, Sp. In
Twizell Dene, N.— Greville, Sps. from Dr. G. Johnston.
24. SPLACHNUM
1. S. sphoericum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 36;
Eng. Bot. 1174;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 12;
Berwick Flora, ii. 53;
S. gracile
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iv. t. 10, f. 5;
S. ovatum
Eng. Bot. 1590;
At
Holliwell Moss and
Ebchester, also on
Cheviot and at
Prestwick Carr, N. At
Catcherside near Cambo, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In Teesdale, D. not rare.
2. S. muioides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 38;
Eng. Bot. 1539;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 13;
Near the
Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
3. S. ampullaceum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 39;
Eng. Bot. 144;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 231;
S. Turnerianum
Eng. Bot. 1116;
At
Prestwick Carr, and on the
Muckle Moss, N. At
Gold-hill, D. Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. E. Robson, Sp.
25. POLYTRICHUM
1. P. undulatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 43;
Eng. Bot. 1220;
Berwick Flora, ii. 44;
Bryum undulatum
Dill. Musc. t. 46, f. 18.
On hedge banks and in denes.
2. P. piliferum
3. P. juniperinum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 45;
Eng. Bot. 1200;
Berwick Flora, ii 43;
P. strictum
Eng. Bot. 2435;
On moors, frequent.
4. P. commune
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 46;
Eng. Bot. 1197;
Berwick Flora, 242;
P. attenuatum
Eng. Bot. 1198;
Turner, Musc. 84;
P. gracile
Eng. Bot. 1827;
Turner, Musc. 85.
On moors, common.
5. P. alpinum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 48;
Eng. Bot. 1905;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 246;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 71;
Berwick Flora, ii. 44;
On
Cheviot,
Hedgehope,
Simonside, and the banks of
Beldon Bourn, N. On
Swinhope, D.
6. P. urnigerum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 49;
Eng. Bot. 1218;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 246;
Berwick Flora, ii. 44;
On wet sandy banks, not rare. On
Gateshead Fell and near
Ravensworth, D. Near
Pont Bourn. — Mr. J. Thornhill. Near
Harlow Hill, and on
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, N.
7. P. aloides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 49;
Eng. Bot. 1619;
Berwick Flora, ii. 44;
P. rubellum
Eng. Bot. 1939;
Turner, Musc. 87;
P. Dicksoni
Eng. Bot. 1605;
On moist banks, not uncommon.
8. P. nanum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 50;
Eng. Bot. 1625;
Berwick Flora, ii. 44;
P. subrotundum
Eng. Bot. 1624;
P. pumilum
Swartz. Musc. t. 9, f. 19.
On hedge banks and stone fences. On
Newcastle Town Moor, also near
Heddon-on-the-Wall, and in
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. In the western part of the county of Durham, frequent. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
26. CINCLODOTUS
1. C. fontinaloides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 51;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 23;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 231;
Berwick Flora, ii. 50;
Trichostomum fontinaloides
Turn. Musc. 41;
Fontinalis minor
Eng. Bot. 557;
In
Dalton Bourn on the Durham coast and in the
Wear near Chester-le-Street new Bridge, D. In the
Wansbeck at Wallington and
Kirkwhelpington, also in the Tweed at
Carham and near
Coldstream, N.
27. TORTULA
1. T. enervis
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 52;
Supp. t. 2;
T. rigida
Eng. Bot. 180;
On walls at the Stoney Flat near Gateshead, and near
Beamish Hall, also on
Fulwell hills, D.
2. T. convoluta
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 54;
Berwick Flora, ii. 46;
Eng. Bot. 2382;
Turner, Musc. Hib. 149;
Sm. Fl. Brit. iii. 1253;
On banks near
Berwick, N., rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. T. revoluta
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 54;
Berwick Flora, ii. 46;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 37;
T. nervosa
Eng. Bot. 2383;
On banks above New Mills near Berwick, N — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. T. muralis
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 55;
Eng. Bot. 2033;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 37;
Berwick Flora, ii. 45;
On walls and hedge banks, everywhere.
5. T. ruralis
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 56;
Eng. Bot. 2070;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 231;
Berwick Flora, ii. 45;
On the sea coast but never in fructification, and in the southern part of the county of Durham, frequent. At Saggerston Haugh and
Muggleswick, D. At
Dilston, near Hexham, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. T. subulata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 57;
Eng. Bot. 1101;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 38;
Berwick Flora, ii. 45;
On hedge banks, frequent.
7. T. unguiculata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 57;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 38;
Berwick Flora, ii. 45;
T. mucronulata
Eng. Bot. 1299;
T. aristata
Eng. Bot. 2393;
T. barbata
Eng. Bot. 2391;
T. apiculata
Eng. Bot. 2494;
T. ericetorum
Eng. Bot. 2495;
On walls and hedge banks, common.
8. T. tortuosa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 59;
Eng. Bot. 1708;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 232;
On rocks at
Cleadon,
Boldon, and
Fawdon Slate, in
Bolihope Dene, also near
Stanhope-in-Weardale and
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D.
Near the coast it is seldom in fructification.
9. T. fallax
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 60;
Eng. Bot. 2179;
Berwick Flora, ii. 45;
T. imberbis
Eng. Bot. 2329;
T. unguiculata
Turner, Musc. 47. 2316;
On
Gateshead Fell,
Beamish Moor, at Sunnyside, and
Painsher, also near
Darlington D. Near
Wylam and
Hexham, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
10. T. gracilis
β viridis
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 61;
T. brevifolia
Eng. Bot. 2453;
Fl. Brit. 1259;
Barbula brevifolia
Bridel. Meth. 92;
In the
dene between Oakwood House and Wylam, N. In bogs on the moors near
Blanchland and
Wolsingham, N. and D.
28. ENCALYPTA
1. E. streptocarpa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 62;
Eng. Bot. 2163;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 23;
On rocks and stone fences at
Roadley near Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
2. E. vulgaris
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 63;
Turner, Musc. 17;
Berwick Flora, ii. 52;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 234;
Bryum extinctorium
Eng. Bot. 558;
On walls at
Dilston Park near Hexham and near
Ovingham, N. On the
Roman Station near Lanchester, and at East Morton, Dawden Tower,
Cleadon, and in Teesdale, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Crowhall and Hanshaw. — Mr. John Thompson. Near
Crawcrook, D — Mr. R.B. Bowman.
3. E. ciliata
29. GRIMMIA
1. G. apocarpa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 65;
Eng. Bot. 1134;
Berwick Flora, ii. 52;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 234;
G. rivularis
Eng. Bot. 1345;
Turner, Musc. 21, t. 2, f. 2.
On moist rocks and trees and in alpine rivulets, not rare.
2. G. maritima
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 66;
Berwick Flora, ii. 52;
Eng. Bot. 1645;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 234;
On the sea coast near
Dalton-le-Dale, D. On the
Fern Islands and at
Hudshead near Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Scremmerston, N.
3. G. pulvinata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 68;
Eng. Bot. 1728;
Berwick Flora, ii. 52;
Dicranum pulvinatum
Fl. Brit. 1214.
On walls, everywhere.
4. G. tricophylla
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 68;
Grev. Crypt. Fl. t. 100;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 21;
On
Alnwick Moor, N. On the
banks of Waskerley Bourn and near
Allansford, D. On rocks at the
Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
30. PTEROGONIUM
1. T. filiforme
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 75;
Eng. Bot. 2207;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 49;
P. caespitosum
Eng. Bot. 2526;
Hypnum cylindricum
Dicks. Crypt. Fasc. ii. 12;
On Porphyritic rocks in the denes above Wooler, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
31. WEISSIA
1. W. nigrita
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 78;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 26;
Grimmia nigrita
Eng. Bot. 1825;
In
the second field from the Tees between Whey-syke House and Harewood Bourn, D. — Mr. R.B. Bowman, Sp.
2. W. lanceolata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 80;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 236;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 24;
Grimmia lanceolata
Eng. Bot. 1408;
On banks near
Whitburn,
Boldon, and
Cleadon, and on walls near
Hedworth and
Jarrow, D.
3. W. cirrata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 82;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 237;
Grimmia cirrata
Eng. Bot. 2356;
G. Dicksoni
Eng. Bot. 1420;
On the banks of hedges and in meadows, not rare near
Newcastle, N. and D.
4. W. curvirostra
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 84;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 25;
Berwick Flora, ii. 50;
Grimmia recurvirostra
Eng. Bot. 1438;
On
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, also on walls at
West Denton, near
Wylam, and in
Wallbottle Dene, N. At
Darlington, also near
Beamish Hall, and on
Gateshead Fell, D. In
Stella Dene, D.— Mr. R.B. Bowman.
5. W. controversa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 84;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 25;
Berwick Flora, ii. 50;
Grimmia controversa
Eng. Bot. 1367;
Turner, Musc. 27.
On walls at
Dilston Park and at
Fallowlees Bourn, N. At
Beamish,
Urpeth, and
Gateshead Fell, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. W. recurvata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 85;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 237;
Grimmia recurvata
Eng. Bot. 1489;
Turner, Musc. 24.
On Sandstone rocks in
Cawsey Wood,
Stella Dene, and at
Pont Bourn near Hamsterley, D. In
Scotswood,
Denton, and
Wallbottle Denes, N. Near
East Ord, N Dr. G. Johnston.
7. W. verticillata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 86;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 238;
Berwick Flora, ii. 50;
Grimmia verticillata
Eng. Bot. 1258;
Turner, Musc. 31.
On the banks of
Tyne at Warden Mill, and of the
Deals Water at Dilston, N. Near
Berwick, and in
Twizell Dene near the bridge. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Crowhall, N — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp. In the
Ouse Bourn near Haddrick's Mill, also near
Cullercoats, N. — Mr. R.B. Bowman.
This moss will usually be found encrusted with carbonate of lime.
8. W. acuta
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 87;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 238;
Grimmia acuta
Eng. Bot. 1644;
Turner, Musc. 29.
On the banks of
Beldon Bourn above Blanchland, and in
East Common Wood near Hexham, N.
32. DICRANUM
1. D. bryoides
Hook. and Tay, Musc. 88;
Eng. Bot. 625;
Berwick Flora, ii. 48;
Swartz. Musc. t. 2, f. 4;
Turner, Musc. t. 53;
D. viridulum
Eng. Bot. 1368;
D. osmundioides
Eng. Bot. 1662;
α In fields, meadows, and woods, β on the heath at
Prestwick Carr, in
Dilston Park, and on moors near
Blanchland, N. In
Waskerley Park, D. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. D. adiantoides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 90;
Berwick Flora, ii. 49;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 238;
Turner, Musc. 57;
Hypnum adiantoides
Eng. Bot. 264;
In meadows, fields, and woods.
3. D. taxifolium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 91;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 238;
Berwick Flora, ii. 49;
Hypnum taxifolium
Eng. Bot. 416;
Dill. Musc. t. 34, f. 2.
In fields, meadows, and woods, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. D. glaucum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 92;
Eng. Bot. 2166;
Berwick Flora, ii. 47;
Bryum glaucum
Dill. Musc. t. 46, f. 20, and t. 83, f. 8.
In bogs on moors, frequent.
5. D. longifolium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 93;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 29;
In
Waskerley Park, D., but not in fructification.
The Durham plant agrees with specimens from Scotland named by Dr. Greville, but is much larger, and its leaves more curved than those of D. longifolium of Swartz. Many years ago, Turner would not allow my plant to be the true D. longifolium
of the foreign botanists, but declined naming it.
6. D. cerviculatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 93;
Eng. Bot. 1661;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 239;
D. pusillum
Eng. Bot. 2491;
D. uncinatum
Eng. Bot. 2261;
At
Prestwick Carr, N. On the banks of
Beldon and Nucton Bourns above Blanchland, D. and N.
7. D. flexuosum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 94;
Eng. Bot. 1491;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 239;
β nigro viride
Sphagnum alpinum
Dill. Musc. t. 47, f. 33, and t. 32, f. 3.
At
Prestwick Carr, N. On
Holliwell Moss between Nucton and Beldon Bourns, N. and D. On
Hedgehope and
Cheviot, N.
8. D. polycarpum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 96;
Sm. Fl. Brit. iii. 1227;
Eng. Bot. 2269;
Berwick Flora, ii. 48;
On rocks in
Humbledon Dene above Wooler, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
9. D. squarrosum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 98;
Eng. Bot. 2004;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 240;
Berwick Flora, ii. 48;
On
Beamish Moor, and on the banks of
Hishope Bourn, D. On
Hedgehope and
Cheviot, N.
10. D. pellucidum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 98;
Eng. Bot. 1346;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 240;
Berwick Flora, ii. 48;
In
Cawsey Wood, on
Beamish Moor, by
Pont Bourn, also in
Ravensworth and
Gibside Woods, D. In
Walbottle and
Scotswood Denes, at
Prestwick Carr, and in
Dilston Park, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. D. crispum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 99;
Eng. Bot. 1151;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 33;
Berwick Flora, ii. 47;
On
Urpeth and
Beamish Moors, D.
Below Shoreswood Hall Dr. Thompson. In the
dene below Allerton Mill, N Dr. G. Johnston.
12. D. undulatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 100;
Eng. Bot. 2260;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 240;
Berwick Flora, ii. 47;
D. polysetum
Swartz. Musc. t. 3, f. 5.
On
Gateshead and
Ravensworth Fells, also near
Feldon Lead Mill, D. In
Dilston Park, and
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. Near
Crowhall, N. — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
13. D. scoparium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 101;
Berwick Flora, ii. 47;
D. majus
Eng. Bot. 1490;
Bryum scoparium
Eng. Bot. 354;
On moors and in woods, frequent.
14. D. fuscescens
Turner, Musc. 60;
Fl. Brit. 1204;
Eng. Bot. 1597;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 241;
D. scoparium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 101;
On rocks near
Heddon-on-the-Wall, N. On stone fences in
Muggleswick and
Waskerley Parks, also on the Weardale and Teesdale Moors, D.
15. D. varium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 102;
Berwick Flora, ii. 47;
Eng. Bot. 1215;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 241;
D. rigidulum
Eng. Bot. 1439;
D. rufescens
Eng. Bot. 1216;
Bryum rufescens
Dill. Musc. t. 50, f. 59.
α In fields and meadows.
β Appears to be merely tinged by moss water.
16. D. heteromallum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 103;
Eng. Bot. 1272;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 241;
Berwick Flora, ii. 48;
D. interruptum
Eng. Bot. 2508;
Dill. Musc. t. 47, f. 37, 38.
On moist banks, not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick, and in
Twizell Dene, N Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Crowhall, N — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp.
33. TRICHOSTOMUM
1. T. lanuginosum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 105;
Eng. Bot. 1348;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 242;
Berwick Flora, ii. 51;
On rocks at
Shewing Shields,
Simonside,
Hedgehope, and
Cheviot, N. On moors near
Urpeth,
Waskerley, in Teesdale, and similar situations in the north-west of the county of Durham, abundant.
2. T. canescens
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 106;
Eng. Bot. 2434;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 242;
Berwick Flora, ii. 51;
T. ericoides
Eng. Bot. 1991;
Turner, Musc. 38.
On rocks near
Cawsey Arch,
Gateshead Fell,
Ravensworth Fell, and on moors in Teesdale, also near
Blanchland, D. On
Simonside,
Cheviot, and
Hedgehope, N.
3. T. heterostichum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 106;
Eng. Bot. 1347;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 242;
Berwick Flora, ii. 51;
On rocks and stones in the west of the county of Durham, frequent. At
Wardrew, and on
Simonside,
Hedgehope, and
Cheviot, N.
4. T. microcarpon
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 107;
Eng. Bot. 1440;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 22;
On
Cheviot,
Hedgehope, and
Alnwick Moor, N.
5. T. aciculare
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 107;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 243;
Berwick Flora, ii. 51;
Dicranum aciculare
Eng. Bot. 1978;
Turner, Musc. 67.
On stones and rocks in sub-alpine rivulets, not rare. In
Scotswood dene,
Dilston Park, in
Wooler Water above Langley-ford, in the
Wansbeck near Wallington. In Reedsdale, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
6. T. fasciculate
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 108;
Eng. Bot. 2005;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 243;
On
Beamish Moor and in
Cawsey Dene, and on moors in the west of the county of Durham, frequent. On
Simonside,
Hedgehope, and
Cheviot, N.
7. T. polyphyllum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 108;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 243;
Berwick Flora, ii. 51;
Dicranum polyphyllum
Eng. Bot. 1217;
On rocks on
Holliwell Moss near Blanchland, N. By Howdon Bourn, D. — Mr. J. Thornhill.
This plant, so common in the vicinity of the Cumberland lakes, is rare on the east side of the island.
8. LEUCODON
1. L. sciuroides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 112;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 50;
Dicranum sciuroides
Eng. Bot. 1903;
On rocks in
Castle Eden Dene, and on trees near
Lamesley,
Beamish, and
Cawsey, D. Above
Langley Ford at the
foot of Cheviot, and in
Dilston Park, N.
35. DIDYMODON
1. D. purpureum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 113;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 244;
Berwick Flora, ii. 46;
Dicranum purpureum
Eng. Bot. 2262;
D. strictum
Eng. Bot. 1294;
D. bipartium
Eng. Bot. 2357;
D. Celsii
Eng. Bot. 2418;
On the ground and hedge banks. Very large on the heathy part of
Prestwick Carr, N. D. strictum of Smith.— See Eng. Bot. 1294.
2. D. rigidulum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 117;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 35;
Trichostomum lineare
Eng. Bot. 1598;
T. rigidulum
Eng. Bot. 2178;
Turner, Musc. 34.
On rocks in the
Ouse Bourn, near Haddrick's Mill, and near
Wylam, N. On rocks by the Tyne above
Hebburn Quay, and on the banks of
Feldon and
Pont Bourns, D.
3. D. trifarium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 118;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 244;
Berwick Flora, ii. 46;
Trichostomum linoides
Eng. Bot. 2295;
T. trifarium
Eng. Bot. 1707;
By the
High Force of Tees, and
above Stanhope in Weardale, D. At
Prestwick Carr, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. D. capillaceum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 119;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 224;
Trichostomum capillaceum
Eng. Bot. 1152;
On
Cheviot,
Hedgehope, and in
Tecket wood, N. On
Boldon and
Cleadon Hills, also in
Bolyhope Dene, near Stanhope in Weardale, and in Teesdale, D.
5. D. heteromallum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 119;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 244;
Grimmia heteromalla
Eng. Bot. 1899;
Grimmia homomalla
Eng. Bot. 1900;
On
Simonside,
Cheviot, and in
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. By
Feldon and
Winlaton Bourns, D. By
Nuckton and
Beldon Bourns, N.
and D.
36. FUNARIA
1. F. hygrometrica
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 121;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 247;
Berwick Flora, ii. 39;
Bryum hygrometricum
Eng. Bot. 342;
On walls and hedge banks, but most frequent on old pit heaps and coal ashes.
This moss is abundant on the
lava of Vesuvius.
2. F. Muhlenbergii
37. ORTHOTRICHUM
1. O. cupulatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 125;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 248;
Berwick Flora, ii. 40;
O. anomalum
Eng. Bot. 1423;
O. nudum
Eng. Bot. 1325;
On rocks in the river Wear near
Chester-le-Street New Bridge, and in
Waskerley Bourn near Wolsingham, D. In rivulets near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. O. anomalum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 126;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 247;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 13;
Berwick Flora, ii. 40;
Eng. Bot. 2696;
Bryum striatum
Dill. Musc. t. 55, f. 9. β,
On rocks at
Cleadon and
Boldon, and on walls at
Saltwellside, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. At
Penpeugh, N. — Mr. John Thompson.
3. O. Drummondii
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 126;
Supp. t. 4;
Gr. Crypt. Fl. t. 115;
Berwick Flora, ii. 40;
Upon Alder trees on the banks of Wooler Water below Langley Ford, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. O. affine
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 127;
Eng. Bot. 1323;
Berwick Flora, ii. 41;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 248;
O. pumilum
Eng. Bot. 2168;
Turner, Musc. 98.
On trees, not uncommon. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. O. rupincola
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 127;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 248;
Berwick Flora, ii. 41;
On Limestone rocks at
Carham and
Wark on the Tweed, N. On rocks at
Easington House below Belford, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. O. diaphanum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 128;
Eng. Bot. 1324;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 249;
O. aristatum
Turner, Musc. t. 9, f. 2;
Fl. Brit. 1265.
On trees at
Painsher,
Hollinside,
Cawsey, and
Lamesley, and at East Morton, D. Near
Gosforth and
Fenham, N.
7. O. rivulare
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 128;
Eng. Bot. 2188;
Turner, Musc. 96, t. 8;
On stones in
Cawsey Bourn, and in the
Wear at Chester-le-Street New Bridge, D.
8. O. striatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 128;
Eng. Bot. 2187;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 250;
Berwick Flora, ii. 42;
On trees, frequent.
9. O. crispum
10. O. Hutchinsiae
Hook. and Tay. 131;
Eng. Bot. 2523;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 18;
On trees in Teesdale near
Cronkley Fell, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
11. O. pulchellum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 134;
Eng. Bot. 1787;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 249;
Berwick Flora, ii. 41;
On trees in
Cawsey Wood, January, 1801, and at
Gibside,
Allansford, and
Hamsterley, 1802, D. Behind
Fenham, on
Newcastle Town Moor, N., 1803. In
Longridge Dene near Berwick. — Dr. G.
Johnston. Near
Crowhall, N. — Mr. J. Thompson.
38. NECKERA
1. N. crispa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 136;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 251;
Turner, Musc. 101;
Hypnum crispum
Eng. Bot. 617;
In
Cawsey,
Painsher,
Friarside, and
Gibside Woods, in
Castle Eden Dene, and woods above Derwent Bridge, also in Weardale, D. In woods on the
banks of Irthing near Wardrew, and at the
foot of Cheviot, N. On the
banks of Fallow lees Bourn, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
39. ANOMODON
1. A. curtipendulum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 137;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 250;
Neckera curtipendula
Eng. Bot. 1444;
On trees on
Waskerley Bourn, on
Muggleswick Park wall, on the
banks of the Derwent near Allansford and on trees in
Howns Wood near Lanchester, D. On the
south bank of the Derwent near Crook Oak, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill.
2. A. viticulosum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 138;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 250;
Berwick Flora, ii. 35;
Neckera viticulosa
Turner, Musc. 103;
Hypnum viticulosum
Eng. Bot. 265;
In woods and on Limestone rocks in the denes on the coast, N. and D., but seldom in fructification. On rocks in
Humbledon Dene above Wooler, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
40. DALTONIA
1. D. heteromalla
Hook. and Tay, Musc. 139;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 55;
Neckera heteromalla
Eng. Bot. 1180;
On trees near
Kibblesworth, D. Near
Wardrew, N.
41. FONTINALIS
1. F. antipyretica
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 140;
Eng. Bot. 859;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 251;
Berwick Flora, ii. 35;
In the Tweed near
Carham,
Wark, and
Norham, N. In rivers and brooks, N. and D., not very common.
2. F. squamosa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 141;
Eng. Bot. 1861;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 251;
Turner, Musc. 199;
In the river Wear near
Lumley Castle, and in the
Tees above Middleton, D. In
Wooler Water, N.
42. BARTRAMIA
1. B. pomiformis
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 144;
Eng. Bot. 998;
Gr. Fl. Scot. 252;
major
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 145;
Berwick Flora, ii. 35;
B. crispa
Eng. Bot. 1526;
Swartz, Musc. 73;
Ann. of Bot. i. 527;
α. On hedge banks near
Gateshead,
Ravensworth,
Gibside, and
Busty Bank, D. Near
Hexham, N. β on rocks at
Shewing Shields, on
Cheviot, and
above Blanchland, also in Allendale and in the
Roman Foss at Walwick, N. On the banks of
Fallowlees Bourn, and on Cottingham Hope, Reedsdale, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. Near
Burn House Coan Wood, N.— Mr. J. Thompson. On
Redwell Hills near Pontop Pike, and in
Waskerley and
Feldon Denes, D. Near
Edmond Byers, D. — Mr. J. Thornhill.
β Occurs in subalpine situations; α in the lower part of the country.
2. B. ithyphylla
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 145;
Eng. Bot. 1710;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 40;
On
Cheviot, and in Allendale and Teesdale, also on a wall at
Eal's Bridge near Blanchland, N. Near
Edmondbyers, and at
Healey Field, also near
Cauldron Snout, U. On banks near
Crowhall, N.— Mr. Jno. Thompson.
This is Bartramia pomiformis of Swartz, Musc. 73; according to specimens from the author.
3. B. gracilis
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 146;
Eng. Bot. 1826;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 40;
B. Aediri
Schw. Supp. 49, t. 59.
By
Irehope Bourn, Weardale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
4. B. fontana
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 146;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 252;
Berwick Flora, ii. 36;
Bryum fontanum
Eng. Bot. 390;
In wet places and bogs, frequent.
5. B. arcuata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 148;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 253;
Berwick Flora, ii. 36;
Eng. Bot. 1237;
Turner, Musc. 109;
Mnium arctuatum
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iii. 2, t. 7, f. 3.
In woods at the foot of
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, N, On
moors near Feldon Lead Mill, D.
43. HOOKERIA
1. H. lucens
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 149;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 253;
Berwick Flora, ii. 35;
Eng. Bot. 1902;
Hypnum lucens
Fl. Brit. 1295;
Turner, Musc. 155.
In
woods near Newcastle, not rare. In
Scotswood and
Heaton Denes, N. In
Cawsey,
Gibside, and
Ravensworth woods, D. On rocks at
Hudshead and other places near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
44. HYPNUM
1. H. trichomanoides
2. H. complanatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 152;
Eng. Bot. 1492;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 253;
Berwick Flora, ii. 34;
On trees in woods, frequent.
3. H. riparium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 152;
Eng. Bot. 2060;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 254;
In the water course of Derwent Coat Forge, D. At
Prestwick Carr, N.
4. H. undulatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 153;
Eng. Bot. 1181;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 254;
Berwick Flora, ii. 34;
In every wood near
Newcastle, N. and D. On
Cheviot and the adjoining hills, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. H. denticulatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 153;
Eng. Bot. 1260;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 254;
Berwick Flora, ii. 34;
H. Donianum
Eng. Bot. 1446;
In woods and on hedge banks, frequent.
6. H. medium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 154;
Eng. Bot. 1274;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 67;
H. inundatum
Eng. Bot. 1922;
On trees near
Cleadon,
Boldon, and
Cocken, D. At
Beaufront near Hexham, N.
7. H. tenellum
8. H. serpens
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 155;
Eng. Bot. 1037;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 255;
Berwick Flora, ii. 26;
In every wood near
Newcastle.
9. H. populeum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 157;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 255;
Berwick Flora, ii. 26;
H. implexum
Eng. Bot. 1584;
Turner, Musc. 173, t. 16.
On stones in fields near
Gateshead, and in
Urpeth,
Beamish, and
Ravensworth woods, also in
Waskerley and
Cawsey Denes, D. In
Scotswood,
Horsley, and
Jesmond Denes, and in
Dilston Park, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
10. H. Schreberi
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 159;
Eng. Bot. 1621;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 255;
Berwick Flora, ii. 28;
In
Cawsey Wood, D. On
Newcastle Town Moor also near
Blanchland, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. H. stramineum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 160;
Eng. Bot. 2465;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 60;
In bogs near
Muggleswick, D., but not in fructification.
12. H. murale
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 161;
Turner, Musc. 166;
H. confertum
Eng. Bot. 1038;
H. abbreviatum
Hedw. Musc. t. 65, f. 1;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, i. 113, and Addenda, 24;
On walls near
Bywell, and in
Walbottle Dene, N. On
Gateshead Fell, and on stones in a rivulet near
Ravensworth, also at Spring Houses near
Muggleswick, on the
banks of Tyne near the Redheugh, at
Painsher, and in
Dalton Dene, D.
13. H. purum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 162;
Eng. Bot. 1599;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 255;
Berwick Flora, ii. 28;
H. illecebrum
Eng. Bot. 2189;
Dill. Musc. t. 40, f. 45.
In woods and on shady banks, everywhere.
14. H. plumosum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 162;
Eng. Bot. 2071;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 256;
Berwick Flora, ii. 26;
Turner, Musc. 172, t. 15, f. 1;
H. alpinum
Eng. Bot. 1496;
Turner, Musc. 192.
On stones in
Font Bourn and the
Derwent above Blanchland, also in
Cawsey Wood and near Derwent Coat, D. In the
bourn in Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, also in
Oakwood and
Dilston Park, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
15. H. polyanthos
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 164;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 69;
Berwick Flora, ii. 27;
Leskea polyantha
Gr. Crypt, t. 151;
On apple, and at the foot of hawthorn trees near
Darlington. — Mr. Backhouse. In the
dene above Twizell Castle Bridge, N. — Rev. A. Baird. Near
Croft, D. — Rev. James Dalton.
6. H. sericeum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 165;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 256;
Eng. Bot. 1445;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 64;
Berwick Flora, ii. 27;
On rocks, stone walls, and the trunks of trees, but not very common, N. and D. Near Wellington, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. About
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
17. H. salebrosum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 166;
Gr. Crypt, t. 184;
In boggy places in
Ravensworth,
Cawsey, and
Beamish Woods, D.
18. H. lutescens
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 166;
Eng. Bot. 1301;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 257;
Berwick Flora, ii. 27;
On
Boldon and
Cleadon Hills, and at
Painsher, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
19. H. nitens
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 176;
Eng. Bot. 1646;
Sm. Fl. Brit. iii. 1316;
Berwick Flora, ii. 28;
In bogs on the
Wolsingham Moors, D., but not in fruit. In Haiden Dene, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
20. H. albicans
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 167;
Eng. Bot. 1300;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 257;
Berwick Flora, ii. 28;
On
Gateshead Fell, D. On
Holy Island, N. On
Spittle and
Scremmerston Links, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
21. H. alopecurum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 168;
Eng. Bot. 1182;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 258;
Berwick Flora, ii. 30;
In woods on the
banks of the Irthing near Wardrew, in
Dilston Park and
East Common Wood, also at the
foot of Cheviot, N. On
Allen Banks, N. — Mr. Jno. Thompson. In
Cawsey Dene and most of the woods in the west of the county of Durham.
22. H. dendroides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 168;
Eng. Bot. 1565;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 258;
Berwick Flora, ii. 30;
In woods near
Lamesley, and at
Cawsey Wood, also near the
Redheugh, D. At the
foot of Cheviot and
Hedgehope, in
East Common Wood,
Tecket wood, and in the vicinity of
Gilsland, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Crowhall, N. — Mr. Jno. Thompson.
23. H. curvatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 169;
Eng. Bot. 1566;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 258;
Berwick Flora, ii. 30;
On trees, not rare. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
24. H. myosuroides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 169;
Eng. Bot. 1567;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 258;
Berwick Flora, ii. 30;
In
Cawsey,
Beamish, and
Ravensworth woods, D. In
Dilston Park,
East Common Wood, and at the
foot of Cheviot, N. In the neighbourhood of
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. On the banks of
Fallowlees Bourn, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
25. H. splendens
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 170;
Eng. Bot. 1424;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 259;
Berwick Flora, ii. 28;
In woods and on moors, frequent.
26. H. proliferum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 170;
Eng. Bot. 1494;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 259;
Berwick Flora, ii. 29;
In woods, common.
27. H. praelongum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 172;
Eng. Bot. 2035;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 259;
Berwick Flora, ii. 29;
H. Stokesii
Eng. Bot. 2036;
In woods, frequent.
28. H. flagellare
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 174;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 64;
H. umbratum
Eng. Bot. 2565;
Turner, Musc. 158.
On dripping rocks near the upper end of
Waskerley Dene near Wolsingham, D.
29. H. abictinum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 174;
Eng. Bot. 2037;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 64;
Turner, Musc. 162;
On the Magnesian Limestone at
Boldon,
Cleadon, and
Ryhope, D., but never in fructification.
30. H. piliferum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 175;
Eng. Bot. 1516;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 259;
Near
Painsher, D. In
East Common Wood near Hexham, N.
31. H. rutabulum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 176;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 260;
Berwick Flora, ii. 29;
H. crenulatum
Northumberland and Durham Guide, 108, No. 997;
Eng. Bot. 1261;
H. brevirostre
Eng. Bot. 1647;
On trees and stone walls, common.
H. crenulatum is a woodland variety, and from that circumstance owes its peculiar habit.
32. H. velutinum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 177;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 260;
Eng. Bot. 1568;
Berwick Flora, ii. 29;
H. intricatum
Eng. Bot. 2421;
H. Teesdalii
Dicks. Crypt. Fasc. iv. 16;
Eng. Bot. 203;
In woods and on hedge banks, not rare.
3. H. ruscifolium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 177;
Eng. Bot. 1275;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 260;
Berwick Flora, ii. 30;
In rivulets and pools of water, not rare.
4. H. striatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 178;
Eng. Bot. 1648;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 261;
Berwick Flora, ii. 29;
In woods, denes, and on hedge banks, frequent.
5. H. confertum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 178;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 261;
Eng. Bot. 2407;
Berwick Flora, ii. 30;
H. serrulatum
Eng. Bot. 1262;
On walls near
Urpeth, and trees in
Cawsey Wood, also on
Gateshead Fell, and at
Spring Houses near Muggleswick, D. In
Heaton Wood,
Oak Wood, and
Dilston Park, N.
6. H. cuspidatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 178;
Eng. Bot. 2407;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 261;
Turner, Musc. 177;
Berwick Flora, ii. 28;
In bogs, common.
7. H. cordifolium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 179;
Eng. Bot. 1447;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 261;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 66;
In fruit in old pit holes, on
Newcastle Town Moor, also on the
Muckle Moss, and at
Prestwick Carr, N. In bogs on moors near
Blanchland,and at the
source of Horsley Hope Bourn, also near the Smelt Mill Forge at Team, D. Near
Crowhall Mill, N. — Mr. J. Thompson.
38. H. polymorphum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 179;
Eng. Bot. t. 2671;
H. chrysophyllum
Bridel. Musc. ii. 2, f. 2;
Hedw. Musc. 66;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, i. 113, and Addenda, 24;
In fallow fields near
Medomsley and
Lanchester, also near
Lamesley, and
Ravensworth, D.
The specimen figured in Eng. Bot. grew near Lanchester.
39. H. stellatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 180;
Eng. Bot. 1302;
Gr. Fl. Eds 262;
Berwick Flora, ii. 31;
In bogs near
Feldon Lead Mill, and on
Ravensworth Fell, D. At
Prestwick Carr, and on
moors beyond Blanchland, N. Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
40. H. lorcum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 181;
Eng. Bot. 2072;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 262;
Berwick Flora, ii. 31;
In woods, common.
41. H. triquetrum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 182;
Eng. Bot. 1622;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 262;
Berwick Flora, ii. 31;
In woods, abundant.
42. H. squarrosum
43. H. filicinum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 183;
Eng. Bot. 1570;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 263;
Berwick Flora, ii. 32;
On bogs and by rivulets.
44. H. palustre
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 185;
Eng. Bot. 1655;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 263;
Berwick Flora, ii. 33;
H. luridum
Hedw. St. Cr. iv. t. 38;
H. fluviatile
Eng. Bot. 1303;
Turner, Musc. 192;
H. adnatum
Turner, Musc. 165;
Eng. Bot. 2406;
In the river Derwent, in Pont,
Waskerley, and
Cawsey Bourns, also on the
moor at Sunnyside near Whickham, D. In the
De'il's Water in Dilston Park and in the
lrthing at Gilsland, N.
45. H. fluitans
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 185;
Eng. Bot. 1448;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 263;
Berwick Flora, ii. 33;
In fruit in old pit holes, on
Newcastle Town Moor, in
East Common Wood, and
Dilston Park, on the
Muckle Moss, and at
Prestwick Carr, N. In ponds on
Gateshead Fell, and on the moor at
Sunnyside near Whickham, D.
46. H. aduncum
α revolvens
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 186;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 263;
Berwick Flora, ii. 33;
H. revolvens
Eng. Bot. 2073;
Swartz, Musc. t. 7, f. 14;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, 111, No. 1034.
H. rugosum
Eng. Bot. 2250;
Dicks. Crypt. Fasc. ii. 12;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, 111.
α On the heathy part of
Prestwick Carr, on moors near
Blanchland and
Wardrew, N. In the Black Syke near Spring Houses, also on the Teesdale Moors, and near
Feldon Lead Mill, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. β at
Prestwick Carr, and by
Roadley Lake, N. On the
south bank of Derwent near Crook-oak, D.
In uniting these species I have followed Dr. Hooker, but the great difference of size between H. revolvens and H. rugosum
even when growing close together, makes me suspect that they will, after all, prove distinct species. H. aduncum
of Swartz has extremely fine leaves, and is unlike any British moss which has come under my observation.
47. H. uncinatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 187;
Eng. Bot. 1600;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 264;
Berwick Flora, ii. 33;
Turner, Musc. 190;
In bogs near
Blanchland,
Wardrew, and in
East Common Wood, N. On
Gateshead Fell, and in
Cawsey and
Friarside Woods, also near
Hilton Castle, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
48. H. commutatum
Hook. and Tay, Musc. 188;
Eng. Bot. 1569;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 264;
Berwick Flora, ii. 32;
In
Heaton Dene, on bogs near
Blanchland, and by
the lrthing at Wardrew, also on the
moors near Wallington, N. In
Castle Eden Dene, on
Ravensworth Fell and the Teesdale Moors, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
This moss usually occurs in springs whose waters are impregnated with lime.
49. H. scorpioides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 188;
Eng. Bot. 1039 (bad);
Gr. Fl. Eds. 264;
Turner, Musc. 187;
Berwick Flora, ii. 31;
On the heath at
Prestwick Carr, N.
50. H. silesianum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 189;
Eng. Bot. 2016;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 68;
On the
high ground at the head of Waskerley Bourn, D., rare.
51. H. cupressiforme
α vulgare
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 189;
Eng. Bot. 1800;
Berwick Flora, ii. 31;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 265;
H. nigro-viride
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iv. 18;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, 108;
β compressum
Dill. Musc. t. 36, f. 22;
γ tenue
H. polyanthos
Eng. Bot. 1664;
Turner, Musc. 137;
α On trees, everywhere; β in woods; γ always on trees. Variety nigro viride
on rocks in Cawsey Wood, D.
52. H. molluscum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 181;
Eng. Bot. 1327;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 265;
Turner, Musc. 198;
Berwick Flora, ii. 32;
On moors, frequent. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
45. BRYUM
1. B. androgynum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 193;
Turner, Musc. 113;
Mnium androgynum
Eng. Bot. 1328;
At
Prestwick Carr, and on the
Muckle Moss, N. In
Cawsey Wood and near
Tanfield, also in
Waskerley Dene, D. In
Twizell Dene, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. B. palustre
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 193;
Eng. Bot. 391;
Berwick Flora, ii. 38;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 265;
Mnium palustre
Fl. Brit. 1346.
On bogs, frequent.
3. B. trichodes
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 195;
Eng. Bot. 1517;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 43;
In bogs on
Holliwell Moss, and the
Muckle Moss, N. Near
Feldon Lead Mill, and by
Nuckton Bourn, D.
4. B. dealbatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 196;
Eng. Bot. 1571;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 266;
Turner, Musc. 115;
On the
banks of Nuckton and
Feldon Bourns, D. Of
Beldon Bourn, and on the
Muckle Moss, N.
5. B. pyriforme
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 196;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 45;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 266;
B. aureum
Eng. Bot. 389;
In
Mr. Falla's nursery grounds, Gateshead, D.
6. B. crudum
7. B. carneum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 198;
Eng. Bot. 360;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 207;
Berwick Flora, ii. 37;
On boggy ground near the
Red Heugh, and on
Gateshead Fell, also near
Sunderland, D. Near
Dilston and
Hexham, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
8. B. argenteum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 199;
Eng. Bot. 1602;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 267;
Berwick Flora, ii. 37;
On walls, hedge banks, &c., common.
9. B. Zierii
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 199;
Eng. Bot. 1021;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 267;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 45;
Turner, Musc. 123;
Near the
Cauldron Snout, D.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
10. B. roseum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 200;
Eng. Bot. 2395;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 267;
Turner, Musc. 132;
Berwick Flora, ii. 39;
In
Ravensworth and
Cawsey Woods, also Near
Darlington, D. In
Scotswood and
Walbottle Denes, and at the
foot of Cheviot, N. In
Twizell Dene, and at
Hudshead, N Dr. G. Johnston. I never met with this moss in fructification.
11. B. capillare
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 200;
Eng. Bot. 2007;
Berwick Flora, ii. 37;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 267;
B. annotinum
Eng. Bot. 1862;
In woods and on boggy ground near the
Red Heugh, also Near
Darlington, D. At
Blanchland,
Gilsland, in
Dilston Park, and at
Prestwick Carr, N.
12. B. caespititium
Hook. and Tay. Musc. α 201;
Eng. Bot. 1904;
Berwick Flora, ii. 37;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 268;
B. bicolor
Eng. Bot. 1601;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iv. 16;
Turner, Musc. 11, f. 2.
α On walls and the roofs of houses, &c, everywhere. β on
Gateshead Fell,
Ravensworth Fell, and near
Medomsley, also near
Healy Field, D. Near
Allansford, at
Prestwick Carr, and
Corbridge, N.
The minute green Aliments, so common on damp walls, garden posts, &c., and figured at t. 77 of Dillwyn's work, as Conferva velutina are now considered to be the radicles of this moss.
13. B. turbinatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 202;
Eng. Bot. 1572;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 268;
Berwick Flora, ii. 37;
B. nigricans
Eng. Bot. 1528;
B. interruptum
Eng. Bot. 2371;
In bogs near the
Red Heugh, and on the
banks of Feldon and
Nuckton Bourns, also on
Gateshead Fell,
Beamish Moor, and in
Cawsey and
Ravensworth woods, D. At
Prestwick Carr, and in
Scotswood, also on the banks of
Beldon Bourn, on the
Muckle Moss, and near
Wardrew, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
14. B. nutans
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 203;
Eng. Bot. 1240;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 268;
Turner, Musc. 117;
Berwick Flora, ii. 29;
B. compactum
Eng. Bot. 1257;
At
Prestwick Carr, and on
Newcastle Town Moor, in
Dilston Park, on the
Muckle Moss, and near
Wardrew, N. At the
Red Heugh,
Beamish, and
Cawsey, also in Weardale and Teesdale, D.
15. B. ventricosum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 205;
Eng. Bot. 2270;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 268;
Berwick Flora, ii. 38;
B. bimum
Eng. Bot. 1518;
B. cubitale
Eng. Bot. 2554;
In bogs near the
Red Heugh and on
Ravensworth Fell,
Beamish Moor, in Weardale and Teesdale, D. At the
Muckle Moss, on
Wallington Moors,
Holliwell Moss,
Prestwick Carr, and near
Gilsland, N. Near
Burn House in Coan Wood, N.— Mr. J. Thompson.
16. B. punctatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 207;
Eng. Bot. 1183;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 269;
Berwick Flora, ii. 38;
Turner, Musc. 132;
In shady woods and damp denes, not rare. Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
17. B. ligulatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 207;
Eng. Bot. 1449;
Berwick Flora, ii. 39;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 269;
B. undulatum
Turner, Musc. 133.
In woods, frequent.
18. B. rostratum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 208;
Eng. Bot. 1475;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 269;
Berwick Flora, ii. 38;
In
Waskerley Dene near Wolsingham, D. Near
Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
19. B. marginatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 208;
Dicks. Crypt. Fasc. 2, t. 5, f. 1;
Eng. Bot. 1493;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 44;
Near the
High Force of Tees, and at
Winch Bridge in the same Neighbourhood, D.
20. B. hornum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 209;
Eng. Bot. 2271;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 270;
Berwick Flora, ii. 39;
In woods, common.
21. B. cuspidatum
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 209;
Eng. Bot. 1474;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 270;
Berwick Flora, ii. 38;
In woods, not very rare, N. and D. In
Castle Eden Dene, and at
Cocken, D.
46. ANDRAEA
1. A. alpina
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 2;
Eng. Bot. 1278;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 6;
Upon rocks, on the moors at the head of Derwent, between
Nuckton and
Beldon Bourns, N. and D.
2. A. rupestris
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 2;
Eng. Bot. 1277;
Berwick Flora, ii. 56;
Upon rocks on the Teesdale Moors, D. On
Cheviot, N. On the
summit of Hedgehope, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. A. Rothii
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 2;
Eng. Bot. 2162;
Arn. Disp. Musc. 6;
A. ruspestris
Sm. Fl. Brit. 1178.
On the
Wolsingham Moors, D. On the
Teesdale Moors near the Cauldron Snout, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
HEPATICAE
47. JUNGERMANNIA
1. J. trichophylla
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 226;
Hook. Jung. t. 7;
Eng. Bot. 2252;
Dill. Musc. t. 73, f. 37;
On heaths Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson.
2. J. asplenioides
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 227;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 272;
Eng. Bot. 1788;
Hook. Jung. t. 13;
Berwick Flora, ii. 62;
Dill. Musc. t. 69, f. 5;
In every wood near
Newcastle.
3. J. lanceolata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 228;
Hook. Jung. t. 18;
Berwick Flora, ii. 63;
In denes and woods near
Newcastle, also at
Prestwick Carr, and
Gilsland, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. J. Sphagni
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 228;
Eng. Bot. 2470;
Hook, Jung. t. 33, and Supp. t. 2;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 273;
In boggy places on moors, N. and D.
5. J. crenulata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 229;
Eng. Bot. 1463;
Hook. Jung. t. 37;
At the
foot of Bolt's Law, on Muggleswick Fell, also near
Gilsland, and in Weardale and Teesdale, D. On
Cheviot, N.
6. J. emarginata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 229;
Eng. Bot. 1022;
Hook. Jung. t. 27;
Berwick Flora, ii. 63;
In
Beldon Dene, and near
Wardrew, also on
Hedgehope and
Cheviot, N. At the
foot of Bolt's Law, also in Weardale and Teesdale, D. On
Gateshead Fell, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill.
7. J. concinnata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 229;
Eng. Bot. 2229;
Hook. Jung. t. 3;
On rocks in the upper part of
Waskerley Dene, D. At the
Cauldron Snout, Teesdale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
8. J. excisa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 230;
Eng. Bot. 2497;
Hook. Jung. t. 9;
Berwick Flora, ii. 64;
In shady denes and on wet heaths.
9. J. ventricosa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 230;
Eng. Bot. 2568;
Hook. Jung. t. 28;
Berwick Flora, ii. 63;
In woods, but not frequent.
10. J. bicuspidata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 230;
Eng. Bot. 2239;
Hook. Jung. t. 11;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 273;
Berwick Flora, ii. 64;
In woods near
Newcastle, not rare.
11. J. byssacca
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 230;
Hook. Jung. t. 12;
Berwick Flora, ii. 65;
J. divaricata
Eng. Bot. 719;
On dry open situations, on moors, N. and D.
12. J. connivens
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 231;
Eng. Bot. 2436;
Hook. Jung. t. 15;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 274;
Berwick Flora, ii. 64;
In boggy places in
Heaton Dene, N. Near the
Red Heugh near Gateshead, D.
13. J. curvifolia
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 231;
Eng. Bot. 1304;
Hook. Jung. t. 16;
Dicks. Crypt. t. 5. f. 9;
On Teesdale Forest, D. On
Cheviot, N.
14. J. incisa
15. J. pusilla
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 231;
Hook. Jung. t. 69;
Eng. Bot. 1775;
Berwick Flora, ii. 64;
In fields by the borders of woods, N. and D. Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
16. J. nemorosa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 232;
Eng. Bot. 607 and 2437;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 274;
Hook. Jung. t. 21;
Berwick Flora, ii. 61;
On
Gateshead Fell, D. In
Scotswood dene, N. The alpine variety, in
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, and
Waskerley Dene, also in rivulets near the Roman Aqueduct west of Woodlands, D. At
Birch Carr near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. On the Wallington and
Gilsland moors and
Cheviot, N.
17. J. undulata
Hook. and. Tay. Musc. 232;
Eng. Bot. 2251;
Hook. Jung. t. 22;
Berwick Flora, ii. 61;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 274;
J. purpurea
Eng. Bot. 1023;
On
Lanchester Moor, and at the
foot of Bolt's Law, also in Weardale and Teesdale, D. On
Cheviot, the
Wallington moors, and at
Gilsland, N.
18. J. resupinata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 232;
Eng. Bot. 2498;
Hook. Jung. t. 23;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 275;
In woods and denes, but not common.
19. J. albicans
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 233;
Eng. Bot. 2240;
Hook. Jung. t. 25;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 275;
Berwick Flora, ii. 62;
In denes and woods, frequent. At
Cottenhope in Reedsdale, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
20. J. obtusifolia
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 233;
Eng. Bot. 2511;
Hook. Jung. t. 26;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 275;
On banks near
Heddon-on-the-Wall, N.— Mr. J. Thornhill.
21. J. minuta
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 233;
Hook. Jung. t. 44;
Eng. Bot. 2231;
Among moss on the high moors, N. and D.
22. J. cochleariformis
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 234;
Hook. Jung. t. 68;
Eng. Bot. 2500;
In
Waskerley Dene, D.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
23. J. complanata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 234;
Eng. Bot. 2499;
Berwick Flora, ii. 62;
Hook. Jung. t. 81;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 276;
Dill. Musc. t. 72, f. 26;
On the bark of trees, not rare.
24. J. scalaris
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 234;
Hook. Jung. t. 61;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 276;
J. lanceolata
Eng. Bot. 605;
Berwick Flora, ii. 61;
In woods and denes, N. and D.
25. J. polyanthos
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 234;
Hook. Jung. t. 62;
Eng. Bot. 2475;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 276;
In
Gilsland Woods, N. In woods Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. E. Robson.
26. J. viticulosa
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 235;
Hook. Jung. t. 60;
Eng. Bot. 2513;
In
Cocken woods, D. In
East Common Wood, N.
27. J. Trichomanis
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 235;
Hook. Jung. t. 79;
Eng. Bot. 1875;
Gr. Fl. Eds, 276;
Berwick Flora, ii. 60;
In moist places in woods, and on moors, N. and D. On
Murton Crags, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
28. J. bidentata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 235;
Eng. Bot. 606;
Berwick Flora, ii. 59;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 277;
Hook. Jung. t. 30;
J. bicuspidata
Eng. Bot. 281;
In woods near
Newcastle, not rare.
29. J. heterophylla
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 235;
Hook. Jung. t. 31;
Berwick Flora, ii. 60;
In
Cawsey and
Beamish Woods, D. In woods at
Gilsland, N. In woods
about Twizell, on the Tweed, N.— Rev. A. Baird.
30. J. barbata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 236;
Hook. Jung. t. 70;
Berwick Flora, ii. 60;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 277;
J. quinquedentata
Eng. Bot. 2517;
In woods near
Newcastle, N. On
Murton Crags, N.— Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Darlington, D.
31. J. reptans
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 236;
Hook. Jung. t. 75;
Eng. Bot, 608;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 277;
In woods, but not frequent.
32. J. trilobata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 236;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 277;
Berwick Flora, ii. 59;
Hook. Jung. t. 76;
J. radicans
Eng. Bot. 2232;
In Teesdale and Weardale, and on
Muggleswick Fell, D. On
Wardrew Moors, N. On
Murton Crags, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
33. J. platyphylla
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 237;
Eng. Bot. 789;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 278;
Hook. Jung. t. 40 and Supp. t. 3;
Berwick Flora, ii. 59;
On trees near
Lanchester,
Tanfield, and
Darlington, D. In
East Common Wood near Hexham,
Dilston Park, and
Gilsland Woods, N. Near
Berwick, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
34. J. ciliaris
35. J. tomentilla
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 237;
Hook. Jung. t. 36;
Eng. Bot. 2242;
In
Cawsey Wood, near
Allansford, and
Witton-le-Wear, D. In
Gilsland Woods, N.
36. J. minutissima
37. J. dilatata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 239;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 279;
Hook. Jung. t. 5;
Berwick Flora, ii. 58;
J. tamariscifolia
Eng. Bot. 1086;
On the trunks of trees, common.
38. J. Tamarisci
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 239;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 279;
Berwick Flora, ii. 58;
Hook. Jung. t. 6;
J. tamariscina
Eng. Bot. 2480;
In woods near
Eglestone, D. At the
foot of Cheviot, and in
Gilsland Woods, N. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
39. J. pinguis
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 240;
Hook. Jung. t. 46;
Eng. Bot. 185;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 270;
Berwick Flora, ii. 66;
On bogs and in watery places.
40. J. multifida
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 240;
Hook. Jung. t. 45;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 271;
Berwick Flora, ii. 66;
Eng. Bot. 186;
J. sinuata
Eng. Bot. 1476;
In marshy places near
Ravensworth and the
Redheugh, D. Near
Darlington, D.-Mr. E. Robson. At
Prestwick Carr, and in
Dilston Park, also in
Benwell Dene, N.
41. J. epiphylla
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 240;
Hook. Jung. t. 47;
Eng. Bot. 771;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 271;
Berwick Flora, ii. 65;
In
East Common Wood near Hexham, and in
Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, N. In
Cawsey,
Ravensworth,
Longacre, and
Gibside Woods, also Near
Darlington, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
42. J. furcata
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 241;
Hook. Jung, t.55, 56;
Eng. Bot. 1632;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 271;
Berwick Flora, ii. 66;
On the trunks of trees in woods, frequent.
43. J. pubescens
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 241;
Hook. Jung. t. 73;
Berwick Flora, ii. 66;
On rocks in
Cawsey Wood, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
48. MARCHANTIA
1. M. polymorpha
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 219;
Eng. Bot. 110;
Berwick Flora, ii. 67;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 279;
Dill. Musc. t. 76, f. 6, E. F;
In moist, wet, and shady situations, frequent.
2. M. conica
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 221;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 280;
Eng. Bot. 504;
Dill. Musc. t. 75, f. 1;
On rocks, in woods, and damp places, not rare.
3. M. hemisphaerica
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 222;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 279;
Eng. Bot. 503 and t. 2545, excluding the two lower figures;
Reboullia hemisphaerica
Dill. Musc. t. 75, f. 2.
On moist rocks, in sub-alpine situations, N. and D. By the
Irthing at Wardrew, N.
49. ANTHOCEROS
1. A. punctatus
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 216;
Berwick Flora, ii. 67;
A. major
Eng. Bot. ii. 1538;
Dill. Musc. t. 68, f. 2.
In watery places at Little Chesters, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
50. RICCIA
1. R. crystallina, α glauca
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 212;
Berwick Flora, ii. 68;
Eng. Bot. 2546;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 280;
R. minima
Dill. Musc. t. 78, fl 10, 11.
On the
banks of fish ponds at Wallington, N.
2. R. nutans
Hook. and Tay. Musc. 214;
Eng. Bot. 252;
R. capellata
Dill. Musc. t. 78, f. 18.
At
Hell-kettles Near
Darlington, D Mr. E. Robson, Sp.
LICHENES
51. SPILOMA
1. S. tumidulum
Ach. Syn. 1;
Eng. Bot. 2151;
Gr. Fl. Scot. 324;
Berwick Flora, ii. 101;
Lichen impolitus
Eng. Bot. 981;
Sphaeria gregaria
Sowerby, Fungi. 375, f. 5;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. i. 22.
On the smooth bark of trees in Teesdale, also near
Gainford, and in
Cawsey Wood, D. In
Oakwood, N.
2. S. microscopicum
Eng. Bot, 2396;
Upon heaths, mosses, &c.
3. S. melanopum
Eng. Bot. 2358;
Ach. Meth. 10, t. 1, f. 8;
On the bark of apple trees.
4. S. murale
Eng. Bot. 2397;
On old mortar, common.
5. S. dispersum
Eng. Bot. 2398;
On old rails, frequent.
6. S. decolorans
Eng. Bot. 2399;
On the bark of old oak trees.
7. S. punctatum
Eng. Bot. 2472;
On the bark of old oak trees.
8. S. tuberculosum
Eng. Bot. 2556;
On Sandstone rocks, N. and D. — Mr. Wm. Robertson.
52. ARTHONIA
1. A. moriformis
Ach. Syn. 5;
On the bark of trees near
Gainford, D. — Rev. John Harriman.
2. A. astroidea
Ach. Syn. 6;
Opegrapha astroidea
Eng. Bot. 1847;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 36;
A. Swartziana
Ach. Syn. 5;
Eng. Bot. 2079;
Berwick Flora, ii. 101;
On the smooth bark of trees, not rare. With the variety β I am acquainted by specimens communicated by Dr. Swartz. To me it appears to be only A. astroidea in a young state.
3. A. obscura
Ach. Syn. 6;
Lichen obscurus
Eng. Bot. 1752;
On the bark of trees, but not common.
4. A. lyncea
Ach. Syn. 7;
Lichen lynceus
Eng. Bot. 809;
Lecidea lyncea
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 35;
On old oaks in
Newton-cap Wood near Auckland, also in the
Bishop's park, D.
5. A. prunosa
Ach. Syn. 7;
A. impolita
Eng. Bot. 2692 f. 1;
On trunks of trees in Teesdale, D.
53. SOLORINA
1. S. saccata
Ach. Syn. 8;
Lichen saccatus
Lightfoot, 885;
Dill. Musc. t. 30, f. 121. 288;
On earth upon Encrinal Limestone rocks near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D.
54. LECIDEA
1. L. atro-alba
Ach. Syn. 11;
Berwick Flora, ii. 88;
Lichen atro-albus
Eng. Bot. t. 2336;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 324;
On Basaltic rocks near
Eglestone, D. On
Gunnerton Crags, N.
2. L. verruculosa
Lichen verrucidosus
Eng. Bot. 2317;
Upon fine-grained Sandstone on
Muggleswick Fell, D.
3. L. fusco-atra
Ach. Syn. 12;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 324;
L. dendritica
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 33 and 112;
Lichen dendriticus
Eng. Bot. 1734;
On fragments of Quartz in the Millstone grit in Weardale and Teesdale, D. On
Shaftoe Crags, N., upon the same kind of rock.
L. fusco-atraL. atro-albaLichen acrotellusEng. Bot. 1712;L. fimbriatesEng. Bot. 2438;
4. L. fumosa
Ach. Syn. 12;
L. cechumena
Ach. Meth. 42;
L. anthroocarpa
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 33;
Lichen anthroocarpus
Eng. Bot. 1829;
L. cechumenus
Eng. Bot. 1830;
On Sandstone in Charnberry Gill near
Eglestone, and on rocks in
Horsley Hope Dene, D. On Basalt upon
Cronkley Fell, also on the fell above Holwick, Teesdale; first discovered by the Rev. John Harriman. On
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, N.
5. L. lapicida
Ach. Syn. 13;
Lichen contiguus
Eng. Bot. 821;
Jn
Cawsey Dene, and on
Gateshead Fell; also on walls at
Barnardcastle, D. On
Gunnerton Crags near Barwesford, N.
6. L. petraea
Ach. Syn. 15;
Gr. El. Eds. 324;
Berwick Flora, ii. 87;
Lichen concentiricus
Eng. Bot. 246;
On Sandstone rocks near
Eglestone, and in the neighbourhood of
Gainford, also in
Cawsey Wood, D. On
Gunnerton Crags near Barwesford, and in
Heaton Dene, N.
7. L. confluens
Ach. Meth. 16;
Berwick Flora, ii. 86;
Eng. Bot. 1964;
β L. pilularis.
On Sandstone rocks in hilly situations.
8. L. parasema
Ach. Syn. 17;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 325;
Berwick Flora, ii. 87;
Lichen parasemus
Eng. Bot. 1450;
On the bark of trees common.
9. L. sanguinaria
Ach. Syn. 19;
Berwick Flora, ii. 86;
Lichen sanguinarius
Eng. Bot. 155;
On stones upon
Gateshead Fell, and on stones, decayed mosses, and old trees, in the neighbourhood of
Eglestone, D. On
Hedgehope and
Cheviot, N. On
Murton Crags, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
The circumstance on account of which the name sanquinaria is given, is a disease to which several Lichens are subject, and some that one would not certainly suspect; as, for instance, Lecidea muscorum
and Parmelia quadricolor
and it is not confined to the Apothecia only, the whole inside of the crust is frequently diseased and becomes crimson. — Harriman.
10. L. sabuletorum β geochroa
Ach. Syn. 20;
Lichen muscorum
Eng. Bot. 626;
On decayed mosses at
Fawdon Slate and near
Hilton Castle, also in Teesdale Forest and Weardale, D. On
Gunnerton Crags,
Cheviot, and
Hedgehope, N.
11. L. miscella
Ach. Syn. 21;
Lichen mucellus
Eng. Bot. 1831;
L. escharoides
Eng. Bot. 1257;
On Basaltic rocks near
Winch Bridge and
Whey Syke, in
Harewood, on Teesdale Forest, also in
Horsley Hope Dene, D.
12. L. atro-virens, and α geographica
Ach. Syn. 21;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 325;
Berwick Flora, ii. 88;
Lichen geographicus
Eng. Bot. 245;
On rocks and stones especially in the sub-alpine parts of Durham and Northumberland.
13. L. silacea
Ach. Syn. 22;
Lichen silaceus
Eng. Bot. 1118;
On rocks and stones in sub-alpine situations. On the Teesdale Moors, D. On
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, N.
14. L. Oederi
Ach. Syn. 22;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 325;
Berwick Flora, ii. 88;
Lichen Oederi
Eng. Bot. 1117;
Lichen caesius
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. ii. 19, t. 6, f. 6;
L. Dicksoni
Ach. Pred. 76.
On rocks in the sub-alpine parts of Northumberland and Durham, particularly on Basalt and Porphyry.
15. L. alba
Ach. Syn. 24;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 326;
Lepraria alba
Eng. Bot. 1349;
Byssus lacteus
Lightfoot, 1007;
On rocks and trees in the sub-alpine parts of Durham and Northumberland.
16. L. citrinella
Ach. Syn. 25;
β scabrosa
Lichen citrinellus
Eng. Bot. 1877;
L. flavo-virescens
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iii. 13, t. 8, f. 9.
On earth upon the tops of walls near
Eglestone, D. First discovered by the Rev. J. Harriman.
17. L. uliginosa
Ach. Syn. 25;
Lichen uliginosus
Eng. Bot. 1466;
On the heathy part of
Prestwick Carr, and on
Cheviot, N. In boggy places near the
Redheugh, and near
Eglestone, D.
18. L. immersa
Ach. Syn. 27;
Lichen immersus
Eng. Bot. 193;
L. calcivorus
Ehrh. Cr. Ex. No. 244.
On the Magnesian Limestone, Durham, and on the Encrinal Limestone, D. and N. Ehrhart's name calcivorus is very appropriate.
19. L. rivulosa
Ach. Syn. 28;
Lichen rivulosus
Eng. Bot. 1737;
On Basaltic rocks in
Horsley Hope Bourn, D. In
Wooler Water at the foot of Cheviot, N.
20. L. albo-caerulescens
Ach. Syn. 29;
Lichen pruinatus
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iii. 15, t. 9, f. 4;
L. pruinosus
Eng. Bot. f. 2244;
On stone walls near
Gainford, D. By the
West Turnpike Road a mile and half from Newcastle.
21. L. abictina
Ach. Syn. 30;
Gr. Fl. Scot. 326;
Lichen abietinus
Eng. Bot. 1682;
On old trees in
Charnberry Gill near Eglestone, D. On fir trees beyond
West Denton, N.
22. L. speirea
Ach. Syn. 31;
Lichen speireus
Eng. Bot. 1864;
On the Magnesian Limestone upon
Cleadon,
Boldon, and
Fulwell hills, D.
23. L. margaritacea
Ach. Syn. 31;
L. conspurcata
Berwick Flora, ii. 88;
Lichen conspurcatus
Eng. Bot. 964;
Lond. Ency. No. 15,406.
On the Magnesian Limestone, D. On Sandstone rocks at Hudshead, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
24. L. rimosa
Lichen rimosus
Eng. Bot. 1736;
Upon the Encrinal Limestone on the Teesdale Moors, and in Weardale and Allendale, D. and N.
25. L. epipolia
Ach. Syn. 32;
Lichen epipolius
Eng. Bot. 1137;
L. niveo-ater
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iv. t. 12, f. 3.
On
Cleadon,
Boldon, and
Fulwell hills,and on walls at
Gainford, D. On the walls of
Wycliffe Church.
26. L. corticola
Ach. Syn. 32;
Lichen corticola
Eng. Bot. 1892;
On old trees at
Gainford, and near
Medomsley, D.
27. L. quernea
Ach. Syn. 36;
Lichen querneus
Eng. Bot. 485;
On old trees about
Newcastle, N. In
Newton Cap Wood, near Bishop Auckland, D.
28. L. viridescens
Ach. Syn. 36;
L. hypnophila
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 37;
Lichen viridescens
Eng. Bot. 2217;
On Hypnum sericeum,
in woods near Eglestone in Teesdale, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
29. L. incana
Ach. Syn. 36;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 326;
Lichen incanus
Eng. Bot. 1683;
On the barks of trees and mosses, but never in fructification.
30. L. sulphurea
Ach. Syn. 37;
Berwick Flora, ii, 88;
Lichen sulphureus
Eng. Bot. 1186;
On rocks and stones frequently covering other Lichens.
Probably not a good species.
31. L. orosthea
Ach. Syn. 37;
Lichen orosthea
Eng. Bot. 1549;
Upon the bark of trees by the
Derwent near Gibside, D.
32. L. decolorans
Ach. Syn. 37;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 39;
Lichen escharoides
Eng. Bot. 1247;
L. quadricolor
Eng. Bot. 1185;
α In a wood at
Eglestone. β upon the ground on
Gateshead Fell, and on earth upon the tops of walls near
Eglestone, also on peat bogs on the Teesdale Moors, on
Muggleswick Fell, and near
Medomsley, D. At
Prestwick Carr, and on
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, N.
33. L. anomala
Ach. Syn. 38;
Lichen ferruginosus
Turner, Linn. Tr. v. 7;
L. tricolor
With., 5th ed, iv. 20;
β cyrtella
Lichen cyrtellus
Eng. Bot. 2155;
On the bark of trees near
Gainford, D.
34. L. calva
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 39;
Lichen calvus
Eng. Bot. 948;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. ii. 18, t. 6, f. 4;
L. rupestris
Ach. Syn. 39;
On the Magnesian Limestone on
Cleadon and
Boldon Hills, on the Encrinal Limestone near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, and near the
New Bridge below Barnardcastle, D.
35. L. rupestris
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 39;
Lichen rupestris
Eng. Bot. 2245;
On Sandstone walls behind
Beamish Hall and in the neighbourhood of
Gainford, D.
This species differs from L. calva by its crust being cracked and green within, whereas that of L. calva
is contiguous and white within.
36. L. luteola
Ach. Syn. 41;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 39;
Berwick Flora, ii. 89;
Lichen vernalis
Eng. Bot. 845;
L. porriginosus
Turner, Linn. Tr. vii. 94, t. 8, f. 4;
L. vernalis
Ach. Syn. 36;
On trees near
Hexham, N. On trees and moss near
Eglestone and
Gainford, D.
By no means rare in the north.
37. L. carncola
Ach. Syn. 42;
Lichen corneus
Eng. Bot. 965;
On old oaks in a wood near
Eglestone, D. First found by the Rev. J. Harriman.
38. L. Griffithii
L. carncola
Ach. Syn. 42;
β,
Lichen Griffithii
Eng. Bot. 1735;
L. tricolor
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 36;
On the bark of old oaks in
Newton Cap Wood, near Bishop Auckland, and in the
Bishop's Park, also near
Gainford, D. Found by the Rev. J. Harriman.
39. L. fusco-lutea
Ach. Syn. 42;
Lichen fusco-luteus
Eng. Bot. 1007;
Upon
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, N.
40. L. anthracina
Ach. Syn. 43;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 39;
Berwick Flora, ii. 89;
Lichen byssinus
Eng. Bot. 432;
On rocks at
Hudshead, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. Probably not distinct from Lecanora crenulata.
41. L. ferruginea
Lichen ferrugineus
Eng. Bot. 1650;
Hudson, 526;
L. caesio-rufa
Ach. Syn. 44;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 237;
Berwick Flora, ii. 89;
L. crenulata
Ach. Meth. 71.
On trees and walls near
Lanchester, also near
Eglestone, D. On
Roadley Crags, N. On
Hudshead near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
I see no reason for altering the very appropriate specific name given by Hudson to this Lichen.
42. L. icmadophila
43. L. marmorca
Ach. Syn. 46;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 327;
Lichen marmorens
Eng. Bot. 739;
L. cupularis
Ach. Meth. 56.
On the Magnesian Limestone at
Fawdon Slate, and on the Encrinal Limestone in
Bolyhope Bourn, also near
Middleton in-Teesdale, on mosses and Limestone rocks in
Harewood, and near
Wycliffe in the bed of the Tees, D.
44. L. alabastrina, β sphaeroides
Ach. Syn. 46;
Lichen sphaeroides
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. i. 9. t. 2, f. 2.
In
Bradley Wood near
Medomsley, D.
Only a variety of Lichen vernalisEng. Bot. 845;
45. L. rosella
L. alabastrina
Ach. Syn. 46;
γ,
Lichen rosellus
Eng. Bot. 1651;
On the bark of trees near
Eglestone, D.
46. L. argena
Ach. Syn. 47;
Lichen argenus
Eng. Bot. 1923;
On the bark of trees in
Cawsey Wood, D.
47. L. Ehrhartiana
Ach. Syn. 47;
Lichen Ehrhartianus
Eng. Bot. 1136;
β polytropa
L. polytropus
Eng. Bot. 1264;
α and β on Sandstone walls near
Newcastle, N. On rocks and walls on
Gateshead Fell, also in Teesdale and Weardale, D.
48. L. luteo-alba
Ach. Syn. 49;
Lichen luteo-albus
Eng. Bot. 1426;
On the bark of trees in
West Crow Wood near Wolsingham, and near
Gainford, D.
49. L. vesicularis
Ach. Syn. 51;
Lichen coeruleo-nigricans
Eng. Bot. 1139;
Lightfoot, 805;
On Limestone rocks at
Fawdon Slate and
Boldon, also upon earth on Limestone in Weardale and
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. On
Cleadon and
Fulwell hills, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill.
50. L. lurida
Ach. Syn. 51;
Lichen luridus
Eng. Bot. 1329;
On earth upon a rock called the
Marble Stone near Middleton-in-Teesdale, D.
51. L. atro-rufa
Ach. Syn. 51;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 41;
Lichen atro-rufus
Eng. Bot. 1102;
Dicks. Crypt. Fasc. iv. 22 t. 12, f. 4;
On earth upon wall tops in Teesdale Forest, D. Also in
Lunedale. — Rev. J. Harriman.
52. L. pholidiota
Ach. Syn. 53;
Lichen globulosus
Eng. Bot. 1955;
Abundant on Sandstone rocks at
Lanchester, and walls at
Knitsley, D., Nov. 1804.
53. L. canescens
Ach. Syn. 54;
Lichen canescens
Eng. Bot. 582;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. i. 10, t. 2, f. 5.
On walls and trees near
Gainford and
Houghton-le-Spring, D. Near
Hexham and
Brinkburn Priory, N.
54. L. aeruginosa
Eng. Bot. 2682;
On old rails and gate posts, not rare.
55. CALICIUM
1. C. stigonellum
Ach. Syn. 56;
C. sessile
Eng. Bot. 2520;
Lichen gelasinatus
With., 5th ed., iv. t. 31, f. 1.
On the bark of trees near
Gainford, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. In
Oakwood and
Dilston Park, N.
2. C. claviculare
Ach. Syn. 57;
Lichen clavellus
Eng. Bot. 1465;
β subtile
Oak wood.
α On trees in and near
Hexham, N. Near
Eglestone, D. β in
Cawsey Wood, D.
3. C. sphoerocephalum
Ach. Syn. 57;
Lichen sphoerocephalus
Eng. Bot. 414;
On trees near
Hexham, N. On trees and old wood near
Eglestone, D.
4. C. hyperellum, β roscidium
Ach. Syn. 59;
Lichen graniformis
Eng. Bot. 1464;
On trees in
Cawsey Wood, D. In
Oak wood and
Felton Woods, N.
5. C. cantharellum
Ach. Syn. 61;
Eng. Bot. 2557;
C. peronellum
Ach. Meth. 96.
In
East Common Wood near Hexham, and in
Felton Wood, N. On decayed wood near
Eglestone, D.
6. C. capitellatum
Ach. Syn. 61;
Lichen capitatus
Eng. Bot. 1539;
On banks at
Cow-close near Ravensworth, and in
Long-acre Wood, D. In
Felton Wood, N. Near the roots of trees on the
south bank of the Wansbeck at Wallington, N.— Miss Emma Trevelyan, Sp.
56. GYROPHORA
1. G. glabra
Ach. Syn. 63;
β polyphylla
Lichen polyphyllus
Eng. Bot. 1272;
On
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, also on
Shaftoe and
Roadley Crags near Wallington, N. On rocks and stones above
Blanchland, and near
Hunt Hall, Teesdale, N. and D.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In the neighbourhood of
Eglestone, and on walls at
Healy Field and
Conset Park. In fructification on rocks at the foot of Hunsterley Peak,
between Waskerley Park and Hishope, D. — Mr. J. Thornhill.
2. G. proboscidea
Ach. Syn. 64;
Berwick Flora, ii. 99;
Lichen proboscideus
Eng. Bot. 522 and 2484;
G. cylindrica
Ach. Syn. 65;
Berwick Flora, ii. 99;
Lichen deustus
Lightfoot, 861;
On
Shaftoe Crags near Wallington, and on
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, N. On walls and rocks
in Teesdale near the High Force,in
Harewood, particularly
between Widdy Bank and Cauldron Snout, D; also on
Cronkley Fell.
Acharius has separated G. proboscidea from G. cylindrica
but they are the same plant in different stages of growth.
3. G. crosa
Ach. Syn. 65;
Eng. Bot. 2066;
Lichen torrifactus
Lightfoot, 862;
On rocks at Hunsterley Peak,
north-west of Waskerley Park, also near
Eglestone, particularly about
Blackburn, D. On
Cronkley Fell, Teesdale. On
Cheviot and
Hedgehope, N.
4. G. deusta
Ach. Syn. 66;
Eng. Bot. 2483;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 42;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 328;
On rocks of the Millstone Grit at
Roadley near Wallington, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
5. G. pustulata
Ach. Syn. 66;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 42;
Lichen pustulatus
Eng. Bot. 1283;
On the Millstone Grit at
Shaftoe Crags near Wallington, N.
First noticed there by Miss Emma Trevelyan.
6. G. pellita
Ach. Syn. 67;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 42;
Lichen pellitus
Eng. Bot. 931;
L. polyrrhizus
Lightfoot, 864;
On
Shaftoe Crags,
Hedgehope and
Cheviot, also on Hexham Fell, N. On
Muggleswick Fell, D. On
Cronkley Fell, Teesdale.
57. OPEGRAPHA
1. O. Persoonii
Ach. Syn. 71;
Eng. Bot. 2345;
Berwick Flora, ii. 99;
Upon sandstone rocks on the coast of Northumberland. Upon
Hudshead, and on Sandstone dykes near
Berwick, abundant. N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. O. tesserata
Eng. Bot. t. 2632 f. 3;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 313;
O. petraea
Ach. Syn. 72;
On
rocks above Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. Sent to Acharius by the Rev. J. Harriman.
3. O. calcaria
Ach. Syn. 72;
Eng. Bot. 1790;
On the Magnesian Limestone Rocks near
Whitburn,
Sunderland, and
Castle Eden, D. On the walls and mortar of Wycliffe Church.
Probably only a variety of O. Persoonii.
4. O. macularis
Ach. Syn. 72;
Berwick Flora, ii. 100;
O. opiphoga
Eng. Bot. 2282;
Lichen rugosus
Linn. Sp. Pl. 1607;
Lightfoot, 802;
Sibthorp, 317.
On the bark of trees, common.
5. O. herpetica
Ach. Syn. 72;
Eng. Bot. 1789;
On trees in woods near
Newcastle.
6. O. vulgata
Ach. Syn. 73;
Eng. Bot. 1811;
On trees, frequent. N. and D.
7. O. epipasta
Ach. Syn. 74;
Eng. Bot. 1828;
On the smooth bark of trees near
Newcastle.
8. O. microscopica
Eng. Bot. 1911;
O. epipasta
Ach. Syn. 75;
On the bark of trees near
Newcastle.
9. O. stenocarpa β denigrata
Ach. Syn. 75;
O. denigrata
Eng. Bot. 1753;
O. atra
Berwick Flora, ii. 100;
On the bark of the Ash, the Hazel, &c, not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
10. O. notha
Ach. Syn. 76;
Eng. Bot. 1890;
Berwick Flora, ii. 100;
On trees in Teesdale, and in
Cawsey Wood, D. Near
Hexham and
Corbridge, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. O. diaphora
Eng. Bot. 2280;
On trees in Weardale and Teesdale, also in
Ravensworth and
Cawsey Woods, D.
Probably not distinct from the preceding species.
12. O. rubella
Eng. Bot. 2347;
O. herpetica
β disparata
Ach. Syn. 73;
On trees near
Eglestone, D.
13. O. cerasi
Eng. Bot. 2301;
On the bark of Cherry and Plumb Trees.
14. O. cerebrina
Eng. Bot. t. 2632 f. 1;
Lecidea plocina
Ach. Syn. 16;
On Encrinal Limestone rocks in Teesdale, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
58. GRAPHIS
1. G. scripta
Ach. Syn. 81;
Opegrapha scripta
Eng. Bot. 1813;
Berwick Flora, ii. 100;
Lichen scriptus
Linn. Sp. Pl. 1606;
Lightfoot, 800;
On trees in Weardale and Teesdale, D. Near
Newcastle and
Hexham, N.
2. G. pulverulenta
G. scripta
Ach. Syn. 82;
β,
Opegrapha pulverulenta
Eng. Bot.1754.
On trees in Weardale and Teesdale, D. Near
Newcastle and
Hexham, N.
3. G. betuligna
Ach. Syn. 83;
Opegrapha betuligua
Eng. Bot. 2281;
On the bark of Birch Trees, common.
4. G. serpentaria
Ach. Syn. 83;
Eng. Bot. 1755;
On the bark of trees near
Eglestone, also in
Cawsey and
Ravensworth woods, D. In woods near
Newcastle, N.
59. VERRUCARIA
1. V. punctiformis
Ach. Syn. 87;
Lichen punctiformis
Eng. Bot. 2412;
On the smooth bark of trees, not rare.
2. V. analepia
Ach. Syn. 88;
Lichen analeptus
Eng. Bot. 1848;
On the smooth bark of trees in Teesdale, D. In woods near
Newcastle, N.
3. V. carpinea
Ach. Syn. 88;
V. olivacea
Eng. Bot. t. 2597 f 1;
On the smooth bark of the Ash, Thorn, &c. Probably only a variety of V. epidermidis.
4. V. epidermidis
5. V. stigmatella
Ach. Syn. 89;
atomaria
Lichen stigmatellus
Eng. Bot. 1891;
On the smooth bark of trees, N. and D.
6. V. gemmata
Ach. Syn. 90;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 45;
Eng. Bot. t. 2617 f. 2;
On the bark of trees, in woods on the Derwent, D. and N.
7. V. Schraderi
Ach. Syn. 93;
Lichen Schraderi
Eng. Bot. 1711;
On the Magnesian Limestone, on
Cleadon and
Boldon Hills, also near
Castle Eden, D. On the Encrinal Limestone near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, and between
Widdy bank and
Cauldron Snout, D.
8. V. Harrimanni
Ach. Syn. 93;
Lichen Harrimanni
Eng. Bot. t. 2539;
On Limestone rocks in Teesdale, D.
9. V. Laevata
Ach. Syn. 94;
Eng. Bot. t. 2623 f. 2;
On rocks and stones
in the Tees near Middleton, and in the
Derwent near Blanchland, D. and N.
10. V. epipolaea
Ach. Syn. 95;
Eng. Bot. 2647 f. 3;
On rocks near
Eglestone and
Middleton, D.— Rev. J. Harriman. On Limestone in
Castle Eden Dene, D.
11. V. maura
Ach. Syn. 95;
Lichen maurus
Eng. Bot. 2546;
On Magnesian Limestone rocks at
Boldon,
Cleadon, and
Castle Eden Dene. On the Encrinal Limestone in Teesdale, D. On Basaltic rocks at
Bamborough,
Dunstanborough, and
Holy Island, N.
12. V. striatula, β aerotella
Ach. Syn. 95;
Lichen acrotellus
Eng. Bot. 1712;
On the Millstone Grit in Teesdale and Weardale, D.
13. V. muralis
Ach. Syn. 95;
Eng. Bot. 2647 f. 2;
Sphaeria communis
Sowerby, Fungi, t. 295, upper figure.
On Magnesian Limestone rocks at.
Cleadon,
Boldon, and
Castle Eden Dene, and on
Gainford Church, D. On the mortar of walls in
Heaton Dene, and near
Jesmond, N.
14. V. spongiosa
Ach. Syn. 96;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 45;
On earth upon wall tops near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D; also near
RomaldkirkRev. J. Harriman.
Perhaps this is nothing but Byssus velutina in old age, — Harriman.
15. V. epigea
Ach. Syn. 96;
Berwick Flora, ii. 102;
Lichen terrestris
Eng. Bot. 1681;
Sphoeria epigea
Persoon, Syn. Appx. xxvii.
Upon hedge banks and earth, upon the tops of stone fences, N. and D.
16. V. concinna
Eng. Bot. t. 2623 f. 1;
On the Encrinal Limestone near
Middleton and
Eglestone, D.
60. ENDOCARPON
1. E. smaragdulum
Ach. Syn. 98;
Lichen Smaragdulus
Eng. Bot. 1512;
On walls near
Eglestone,
Butsfield, and the Woodlands, D.
2. E. tephroides, β polythecium
Ach. Syn. 98;
Lichen fuscellus
Eng. Bot. 1500;
Turner, Linn. Tr. 7, 90, t. 8, f. 2;
On rocks and stories about
Gainford and
Eglestone, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
3. E. Hedwigii
Ach. Syn. 99;
Lichen trapeziformis
Eng. Bot. 595;
On earth in the neighbourhood of
Eglestone, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
4. E. miniatum
Ach. Syn. 101;
E. complicatum
Lichen miniatus
Eng. Bot. 593 and f. 2;
Lightfoot, 857;
On rocks of Magnesian Limestone at the
Gunners Pool in Castle Eden Dene, and on the Encrinal Limestone near
Stanhope-in-Weardale,
Middleton-in-Teesdale,
Eglestone, and
Rokeby, D.
5. E. euplocum
Ach. Syn. 102;
E. miniatum
β pusillum
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 462;
Verrucaria euploca
Eng. Bot. t. 2602 f. 2;
On Sandstone rocks
by the Tyne west of Newcastle, N.— Mr. W. Robertson.
6. E. Weberi
Ach. Syn. 102;
Berwick Flora, ii. 103;
Lichen aquaticus
Eng. Bot. 594;
On rocks in the
Tees below Wycliffe, D. On stones in a bourn on the
north side of the Derwent opposite Gibside, D. — Mr. J. Thornhill. In
a rivulet in Holwick. — Rev. J. Harriman. On rocks at
Cauldron Snout, U. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In the
Loughs near the Roman Station at Shewing Shields, in
Wooler Water, and in the
Irthing at Gilsland, N.
61. PORINA
62. P. pertusa
Ach. Syn. 109;
Berwick Flora, ii. 102;
Lichen pertusus
Eng. Bot. 677;
Lightfoot, 802;
On the bark of trees, common.
2. P. fallax, β hymenia
Ach. Syn. 110;
Lichen hymenins
Eng. Bot. 1731;
On trees near
Eglestone, also on the
banks of the Derwent near Gibside, and in
Horsleyhope Bourn, D. In
East Common Wood, and
Felton Wood on the Coquet, N.
62. THELOTREMA
1. T. lepadinum
Ach. Syn. 115;
Lichen inclusus
Eng. Bot. 678;
On the bark of trees near
Eglestone, and in
Gibside,
Ravensworth, and
Cawsey Woods. On Sandstone rocks at
Eglestone, D Rev. J. Harriman. On trees in
Bearl Wood,
East Common Wood, and
Felton Woods, N.
2. T. exanthematicum
Ach. Syn. 116;
Lichen exanthematicus
Sm. Tr. Linn. Soc. i. 81, t. 4. f. 1;
Eng. Bot. 1184;
L. volvatus
Villar's Delph. t. 55;
Verrucaria clausa
Hoffm. Fl. Germ. 177;
On Encrinal Limestone rocks near
Mr. Morritt's Bridge at Rokeby, and
below the New Bridge at Barnardcastle, D.
First found by the Rev. John Harriman. This Lichen, though widely dispersed over Europe, is rare in England, nor does it appear to have been found in Scotland by any Botanist but the late Mr. Dickson. In his Fasc. iii. 14, he gives no precise locality, but merely says "In rupibus Calcareis Scoticis," with us it is confined to the Encrinal Limestone, which it has the property of excavating in the same way as Lecidea immersa and some other Lichens that grow on chalk and limestone. Its structure is so
peculiar that it might constitute a genus.
63. PYRENULA
1. P. umbonata
Ach. Syn. 121;
Verrucaria thelostoma
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 44;
Lichen thelostomus
Eng. Bot. 2153;
On Basaltic rocks near
Eglestone, D.— Rev. J. Harriman.
2. P. nitida
Ach. Syn. 125;
Verrucaria nitida
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 45;
Eng. Bot. t. 2607 f. 1;
Sphoeria nitida
Sowerby, Fungi, t. 275;
On the bark of trees near
Eglestone, and in
Horsleyhope Dene, D. In
East Common and
Oak Wood, N.
3. P. tessellata
Ach. Syn. 126;
Lichen tesselalus
Eng. Bot. 533;
On stones near
Gainford, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
4. P. nigrescens
Ach. Syn. 126;
Verrucaria umbrina
Eng. Bot. 1499;
On stones near
Gainford, D. On rocks and old walls near
Newcastle, &c, N. and D.
5. P. leucocephala
Ach. Syn. 126;
Verrucaria leucocephala
Eng. Bot. t. 2642 f. 2;
Sphoeria lichenoides
Sowerby, Fungi, t. 373, f. 12.
On the bark of old trees in woods, N. and D.
64. VARIOLARIA
1. V. velata
Ach. Syn. 129;
Lichen velatus
Eng. Bot. 2062;
On the bark of trees in
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, D. In
East Common Wood and
Felton Woods, N.
2. V. multipunctata
Ach. Syn. 129;
Lichen multipunctatus
Eng. Bot. 2061;
On the bark of trees in Teesdale, also in
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, D. In
Felton Woods and
Dilston Park, N.
3. V. aspergilla
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 30;
Eng. Bot. 2401;
V. communis
g. Ach. Syn. 131;
On the bark of trees in
Conset Park, D. In
East Common Wood near Hexham, in
Felton Woods, and at the
foot of Cheviot, N.
4. V. globulifera
Ach. Syn. 130;
Lichen globuliferus
Eng. Bot. 2008;
Turner, in Linn. Tr. ix. 139, t. 10, f. 2.
On trees and rocks, N. and D.
Probably not a good species.
5. V. amara
Ach. Syn. 131;
Berwick Flora, ii. 101;
Lichen fagineus
Eng. Bot. 1713;
On the bark of trees, common.
6. V. lactea
Ach. Meth. 132;
Eng. Bot. 2410;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 46;
On Basaltic rocks near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. On the
Crags near Shewing Shields, and at the
foot of Cheviot, N.
7. V. grisco-virens
Eng. Bot. 2400;
On the bark of the Cherry, Birch, &c.
65. URCEOLARIA
1. U. Acharii
Ach. Syn. 137;
Lichen Acharii
Eng. Bot. 1087;
β cyrtapsis
On stones in
Bolt's Hope Bourn, also in the Derwent, in the Tees and rivulets in Teesdale, D. In
Horsleyhope Bourn, D. — Mr. J. Thornhill. On rocks in the
Coquet at Rothbury, and in
Wooler Water, N.
2. U. gibbosa
Ach. Syn. 139;
U. fimbriata
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 48;
Lichen fibrosus
Eng. Bot. 1732;
On Quartz pebbles, in the Millstone Grit near
Eglestone, and on the Weardale Moors, D. On
Shaftoe Crags near Wallington, and at
Roadley, N.
3. U. cinerea
Ach. Syn. 140;
Lichen cinerens
Eng. Bot. 1751;
On stones near
Eglestone, and on Limestone rocks near
Boldon and
Cleadon, D.
4. U. scruposa
Ach. Syn. 142;
Lichen scruposus
Eng. Bot. 266;
Upon earth on the tops of stone walls near
Eglestone, and on rocks in
Harewood Forest,
between Widdy Bank and Cauldron Snout, D,
5. U. calcarea
Ach. Syn. 143;
U. Hoffmanni
Lichen Hoffmanni
Eng. Bot. 1940;
On the Magnesian Limestone near
Boldon,
Whitburn, and
Castle Eden, and on the Encrinal Limestone in Teesdale and Weardale, D.
6. U. epulotica
Ach. in Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 48;
On Limestone rocks near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. In
Boltshope Bourn, D.
A doubtful species.
66. LECANORA
1. L. atra
Ach. Syn. 146;
Berwick Flora, ii. 83;
Lichen ater
Eng. Bot. 949;
Lightfoot, 813;
On rocks, stones, and the bark of trees, frequent.
2. L. coarctata
Ach. Syn. 149;
Lichen coarctatus
Eng. Bot. 534;
Parmelia elacista
Ach. Meth. 159, t. 4, f. 4.
On Sandstone upon
Gateshead Fell, and about
Eglestone and
Gainford, D. In
Heaton Dene, and near
Gosforth, N.
3. L. periclea
Ach. Syn. 150;
Lichen pinicola
Eng. Bot. 1851;
L. pericleus
Eng. Bot. 1850;
On fir trees near
Gainford, and in
Newton-cap Wood near Bishop Auckland, also near
Ryton, D. In
Fenham Woods, N.
4. L. exigua
Lichen exiguus
Eng. Bot. 1849;
On tiles on the roofs of houses in and about
Gainford, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
5. L. privigna
L. milvina
Ach. Syn. 151;
;
Lecidea privigna
Ach. Syn. 49;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 34;
Lichen simplex
Eng. Bot. t. 2152, the upper figure;
On Sandstone rocks and walls near
Gainford, and on
Gateshead Fell, D. In
Heaton Dene, and near
Jesmond, N.
By no means rare in the north.
6. L. milvina
Ach. Syn. 151;
Eng. Bot. t. 2662 f. 1;
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 410;
Fl. Suec. 805;
On Sandstone rocks in Teesdale, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
7. L. sophodes
Ach. Syn. 153;
Lichen sophodes
Eng. Bot. 1791;
On trees in
Newton-cap Wood near Bishop Auckland, D. In
Felton Woods, N.
8. L. badia
Ach. Syn. 154;
Lichen piceus
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iv. t. 12, f. 5;
Lecidea picea
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 34;
On Basalt near
Eglestone, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
9. L. aipospola
Ach. Syn. 155;
Eng. Bot. t. 2662 f. 2;
Lichen aipospolus
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 409 t. 27, f. 2;
Fl. Suec. 805;
On Basaltic rocks at
Holy Island, N. At
Bamborough, and on the
Staples, N. — Mr. W. Robertson.
10. L. spodophoea
Ach. Syn. 155;
Eng. Bot. 2662 f. 3;
Wahl. Fl. Lapp. 409;
Fl. Sue. 805;
On Basaltic rocks at
Holy Island, N. At
Bamborough,and on the
Staples, N. — Mr. W. Robertson.
To me this appears to be a variety of the preceding species.
11. L. subfusca
Ach. Syn. 157;
Berwick Flora, ii. 83;
Lichen subfuscus
Eng. Bot. 2109;
On rocks and the bark of trees, common.
12. L. punctata
Lichen punctatus
Eng. Bot. 450;
Parmelia ostracoderma
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 49;
On Limestone rocks near
Eglestone, and on Sandstone rocks upon
Gateshead Fell, D. In
Heaton Dene, N.
13. L. ventosa
Ach. Syn. 159;
Berwick Flora, ii. 84;
Lichen ventosus
Eng. Bot. 906;
On Basaltic rocks in Teesdale Forest, also in
Weardale, D. In Allendale, and on the
west side of the Roman Station at Shewing-shields, also on
Cheviot, and
Hedgehope, N.
14. L. chloroleuca
Ach. Syn. 160;
Lichen chloroleucus
Eng. Bot. 1373;
Parmelia chloroleuca
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 52;
On moss upon the Magnesian Limestone on
Fulwell hills, also on the Encrinal Limestone near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, and
between Widdy Bank and Cauldron Snout, D.
15. L. varia
Ach. Syn. 161;
Eng. Bot. 1666;
On old gate posts, rails, &c. common.
16. L. rubricosa
Ach. Syn. 162;
Lichen caesio-rufus
Eng. Bot. 1040;
Parmelia craspedia
Ach. Meth. 172;
Lecidea cinereo-fusca
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 39;
On walls near
Wycliffe. — Rev. J. Harriman.
17. L. glaucoma
Ach. Syn. 165;
Lichen Glaucoma
Eng. Bot. 2156;
On rocks and stones in sub-alpine situations.
18. L. diacapsis
Lichen diacapsis
Eng. Bot. 1954;
Parmelia diacapsis
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 51;
On stones
between Barnardcastle and Early Banks, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
19. L. angulosa
Ach. Syn. 166;
Parmelia angulosa
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 51;
On the bark of trees in Teesdale, D.
20. L. Hageni
Ach. Syn. 167;
Parmelia Hageni
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 51;
On the bark of trees in Teesdale, D.
21. L. parella
Ach. Syn. 169;
Berwick Flora, ii. 84;
Lichen parellus
Eng. Bot. 727;
On rocks, stones, and the bark of trees in sub-alpine situations, not rare, N. and D. On the
Fern Islands, N.
22. L. tartarea
Ach. Syn. 172;
Berwick Flora, ii. 84;
Lichen tartareus
Eng. Bot. 156;
Lichen Turneri
Eng. Bot. 857;
L. frigidus
Eng. Bot. 1879;
On rocks and the branches of trees in subalpine situations, N. and D.
23. L. cerina
Ach. Syn. 173;
Lichen cerinus
Eng. Bot. 627;
β stillicidiorum
Ach.
On trees in woods on the Derwent, and near
Healeyfield, also about
Gainford, D. β on the thatched roof of a house at
Eglestone, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
24. L. vitellina
Ach. Syn. 174;
L. citrina
Berwick Flora, ii. 85;
Lichen vitellinus
Eng. Bot. 1792;
On old gate posts, pales, &c., not rare.
25. L. salicina
Ach. Syn. 175;
Lichen salicinus
Eng. Bot. 1305;
On trees at
Cocken, and in
Castle Eden and
Dalton Denes, also by the
Derwent near Gibside and
Hamsterley, and in Teesdale, D.
Near Hexham and
Chollerford, N. On walls near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
26. L. rubra
Ach. Syn. 177;
Lichen ulmi
Eng. Bot. 2218;
Near
Greta Bridge. — Mr. Borrer in Eng. Bot.
27. L. Haematomma
Ach. Syn. 178;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 49;
L. Stonei
Ach. Syn. 172;
Lichen Haematomma
Eng. Bot. 486;
L. coccineus
Eng. Bot. 223;
On
Gunnerton Crags near Barwesford, also on rocks near
Heddon-on-the-Wall, and at
Harlow Hill, N. On the walls of
Muggleswick Park, and on Basaltic rocks and old trees near the
High Force, and at
Winch Bridge in Teesdale, also on walls near
Eglestone, D.
28. L. epigea
Ach. Syn. 179;
Lichen candicans
Eng. Bot. 1778;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iii. 15, t. 9, f. 5.
On Limestone rocks on
Boldon and
Cleadon Hills, D. On
Gunnerton Crags near Barwesford, N.
29. L. saxicola
Ach. Syn. 180;
Lichen saxicola
Eng. Bot. 1695;
On
Gunnerton Crags near Barwesford, and on rocks near
Warden Mill, also on rocks at
Carham and
Wark by the Tweed, N. On walls and stones near
Urpeth, at
Cawsey Hall, also near
Eglestone and
Gainford, D.
30. L. murorum
Ach. Syn. 181;
Berwick Flora, ii. 85;
Lichen murorum
Eng. Bot. 2157;
On old walls near
Gainford, D. On the Limestone rocks on the coast of Durham, and on Basaltic and Sandstone rocks on the coast of Northumberland, abundant.
31. L. miniata
Ach. Syn. 182;
Parmelia miniata
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 54;
On
Gainford church, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
32. L. elegans
Ach. Syn. 182;
Lichen elegans
Eng. Bot. 2181;
On calcareous stones in Teesdale Forest, and on rocks near
Whitburn and
Sunderland, D., rare.
33. L. circinata
Ach. Syn. 184;
Lichen circinatus
Eng. Bot. 1941;
On Encrinal Limestone rocks near the
New Bridge below Barnardcastle, D.
34. L. gelida
Ach. Syn. 186;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 50;
Lichen Heclae
Fl. Dan. t. 270, f. 2;
L. gelidus
Eng. Bot. 699;
In fructification on Basaltic rocks at
Winch Bridge and the
Cauldron Snout, also in
Charnberry near
Eglestone, and in Teesdale Forest, D. In
Holwick, and on
Cronkley Fell, Teesdale. — Rev. J. Harriman.
35. L. crenulata
Lecidea crenulata
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 40;
Lichen crenulatus
Dick, Crypt. Fasc. iii. 14, t. 9, f. 1;
Eng. Bot. 930;
L. galactina β dispersa
Ach. Syn. 187;
On the Magnesian Limestone rocks at
Castle Eden,
Fulwell,
Boldon, and
Cleadon, also on the Encrinal Limestone, by Middleton Beck, and near
Barnardcastle, D. On Limestone
by the Tweed at Carham and
Wark, N.
36. L. anthracina
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 39;
Berwick Flora, ii. 89;
Lichen byssinus
Eng. Bot. t. 432;
On Red Sandstone rocks at Hudshead, south of Berwick, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
Probably only a variety of the preceding species.
35. L. squamulosa
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 50;
Lichen squamulosus
Eng. Bot. 2011;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iv. 22, t. 12, f. 5;
Parmelia squamulosa
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 53;
L. cervina
Ach. Syn. 188;
On Sandstone rocks upon
Muggleswick Fell, and on Basalt near
Eglestone, D.
36. L. crassa
Ach. Syn. 190;
Lichen cartilaginus
Lightfoot, 815;
L. crassus
Eng. Bot. 1893;
On a rock called the
Marble Stone near Middleton-in-Teesdale, D.
37. L. virella
Ach. Syn. 191;
Lichen virellus
Eng. Bot. 1696;
On stone walls near
Gainford and
Saltwellside, and in the west of the county of Durham, common. Near
Ovingham and
Hexham, N.
38. L. candelaria
Ach. Syn. 192;
Lichen candelarius
Eng. Bot. 1794;
L. concolor
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iii. 18, t. 9, f. 8.
On trees and stones, frequent.
39. L. hypnorum
Ach. Syn. 193;
L. lepidora
Lich. Univ. 418;
Lichen hypnorum
Eng. Bot. 740;
On earth and moss upon stones in
Hag Crag Wood, and about
Eglestone and
Middleton, also in Teesdale Forest, D. On
Gunnerton Crags near Barwesford, and at
Shewing Shields, also on
Cheviot, N.
40. L. carnosa
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 51;
Lichen carnosus
Eng. Bot. 1684;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. ii. 21, t. 6, f. 7;
L. muscorum
Ach. Syn. 193;
Lecidea carnosa
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 41;
On stones in
Hag Crag Wood in Teesdale Forest, D.
41. L. microphylla
Lecidea microphylla
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 41;
Lichen microphyllus
Eng. Bot. 2128;
On stones near
Eglestone, D., but extremely scarce. — Rev. J. Harriman.
42. L. brunnea
Ach. Syn. 193;
Lichen brunneus
Eng. Bot. 1246;
L. pezizoides
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. i. 10, t. 11, f. 4.
On the
south bank of the Derwent above Blanchland, N. In
Howns Wood near Lanchester, and in Teesdale Forest, D.
67. PARMELIA
1. P. glomulifera
Ach. Syn. 195;
Lichen glomuliferus
Lightfoot, 853;
Eng. Bot. 293;
On the bark of old trees in
Hishope and
Horsleyhope Denes, D. In
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. In the neighbourhood of
Romaldkirk. — Rev. J. Harriman.
2. P. caperata
Ach. Syn. 196;
Lichen caperatus
Eng. Bot. 654;
On rocks near
Heddon-on-the-Wall, and at
West Dipton near Hexham, N. In
the vicinity of Romaldkirk. — Rev. J. Harriman.
3. P. scortea
Ach. Syn. 197;
Lichen scorteus
Eng. Bot. 2065;
On trees, and the thatched roof of the
house at Foggerforth near Eglestone, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
4. P. herbacea
Ach. Syn. 198;
Lichen herbaceus
Hudson, 544;
L. laete-virens
Eng. Bot. 294;
On trees in
Horsleyhope and
Hishope Denes, also on stones and trees in
Shipley Wood near Eglestone, D. In
Irehope Dene, Weardale, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In woods near
Healy Field, D.— Mr. R. Waugh and Mr. J. Thornhill.
5. P. olivacea
Ach. Syn. 200;
Berwick Flora, ii. 79;
Lichen olivaceus
Eng. Bot. 2180;
On the bark of trees, common.
6. P. parietma
Ach. Syn. 200;
Berwick Flora, ii. 80;
Lichen parietinus
Eng. Bot. 194;
On trees, walls, and stones, common.
7. P. plumbea
Ach. Syn. 202;
Lichen plumbeus
Eng. Bot. 353;
Lightfoot, 826, t. 26.
On trees near
Healy-field, and
Middleton-in-Teesdale, also on trees and stones in woods near
Eglestone, D.
8. P. rubiginosa
Ach. Syn. 202;
P. affinis
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 56;
Lichen affinis
Eng. Bot. 983;
On trees in
Charnberry and
Eglestone Woods, D.
9. P. omphalodes
Ach. Syn. 203;
Berwick Flora, ii. 82;
Lichen omphalodes
Eng. Bot. 604;
On rocks and stones upon moors, in sub-alpine situations, D. and N.
10. P. saxitilis
Ach. Syn. 203;
Berwick Flora, ii. 81;
Lichen saxatilis
Eng. Bot. 603;
On rocks, stones, and trees, in sub-alpine situations.
11. P. fahlunensis
Ach. Syn. 204;
Lichen fahlunensis
Eng. Bot. 653;
On stones and rocks upon the moors in Teesdale and Weardale, also near
Butsfield and
Horsleyhope, D. On
Cheviot, N.
12. P. stygia
Ach. Syn. 204;
Lichen stygeus
Eng. Bot. 2048;
Upon stones on
moors near Butsfield, D.
13. P. aquila
Ach. Syn. 205;
Berwick Flora, ii. 80;
Lichen aquilus
Eng. Bot. 982;
L. pullus
Lightfoot, 825;
On Basaltic rocks at the
Heugh on Holy Island, and on the
Fern Islands, N. On Sandstone rocks at
Hartley Bates, N. — Mr. J. Thornhill. On rocks at
Hudshead, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
14. P. recurva
Ach. Syn. 206;
Lichen incurvus
Eng. Bot. 1375;
L. multifidus
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iii. 16, t. 9, f. 7.
On Sandstone rocks, on
Beamish Moor, and
Eglestone Fell, D. Upon Porphyry on
Hedgehope and
Cheviot, N.
15. P. conspersa
Ach. Syn. 209;
Benwick Flora, ii. 82;
Lichen conspersus
Eng. Bot. 2097;
On rocks and stone walls near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. On the
banks of North Tyne near Warden Mill, D.
16. P. pulverulenta
Ach. Syn. 214;
Berwick Flora, ii. 81;
Lichen pulverulentus
Eng. Bot. 2063;
On the bark of trees, not rare.
17. P. stellaris
Ach. Syn. 216;
Berwick Flora, ii. 81;
Lichen stellaris
Eng. Bot. 1697;
On trees in
Ravensworth and
Cawsey Woods, D. At
West Dipton near Hexham, and in
Oak Wood near Wylam, N.
18. P. caesia
Ach. Syn. 216;
Lichen caesius
Eng. Bot. 1052;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iii. 17.
On tiles upon the roofs of houses in and about
Gainford, and upon rocks at
Fawdon Slate, D. On the
Crags at West Dipton near Hexham, N.
19. P. cycloselis
Ach. Syn. 216;
Lichen cycloselis
Eng. Bot. 1942;
Upon the branches of old Apple trees, N. and D.
20. P. physodes
Ach. Syn. 218;
Berwick Flora, ii. 82;
Lichen physodes
Eng. Bot. 126;
γ platyphylla
α. On trees and stones, common. In fructification on the stems of Heath upon
Gateshead Fell, D.
γ
On trees by
Waskerley Bourn, and on the walls of
Wolsingham Park, D.
68. BORRERA
1. B. ciliaris
2. B. tenella
Ach. Syn. 221;
Berwick Flora, ii. 79;
Lichen tenellus
Eng. Bot. 1351;
L. ciliaris
Hudson, 538;
β leptalea
Parmelia leptalea
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 55;
α. Upon trees, particularly the Black Thorn, and on Basaltic rocks at
Holy Island, N. β on stones near
Gainford, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
3. B. furfuracea
Ach. Syn. 222;
Berwick Flora, ii. 79;
Lichen furfuraceus
Eng. Bot. 984;
On the walls of
Conset and
Waskerley Park, and in the neighbourhood of
Eglestone, also at
Water Gate near Healy Field, D. Near
Harbottle, and on
Cheviot,
Hedgehope, and
Simonside, N. In
Chillingham Park, and near
Rawse Castle, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
69. CETRARIA
1. C. juniperina, β pinastri
Ach. Syn. 226;
Lichen pinastri
Eng. Bot. 2111;
L. juniperinus
Lightfoot, 836;
On the juniper near the
High Force, on the south side of the Tees. — Rev. J. Harriman.
Never found in fructification.
2. C. glauca
Ach. Syn. 227;
Berwick Flora, ii. 77;
Lichen glaucus
Eng. Bot. 1606;
Lightfoot, 838;
On rocks and stones among moss in Sub-alpine situations, N. and D. Near
Heddon-on-the-Wall, N.
3. C. islandica
Ach. Syn. 229;
Berwick Flora, ii. 76;
Lichen islandicus
Eng. Bot. 1330;
On
Gateshead,
Whickham, and
Muggleswick Fells, also on the moors in Teesdale and Weardale, D. On
Cheviot,
Hedgehope,
Simonside, and the
Wallington Moors, N. On
Murton Crags, and the
moors west of Belford, N.— Thompson's Berwick Plants.
70. STRICTA
1. S. pulmonacea
Ach. Syn. 233;
Berwick Flora, 75;
Lichen pulmonarius
Eng. Bot. 572;
Lightfoot, 831;
On trees near
Unthank and
Rothbury, also
at the foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, N. On trees and rocks at
Blackston Bank Wood near Wolsingham, also near
Eglestone and
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. On trees between
Healey Field and
Allansford, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill.
2. S. scrobiculata
Ach. Syn. 234;
Berwick Flora, ii. 75;
Lichen scrobiculatus
Eng. Bot. 497;
Lightfoot, 850;
L. verrucosus
Hudson, 545;
At the
foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, N. On rocks at
Rawse Castle above Chillingham, and in woods
above Renton Inn, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. On trees and stones in
Shipley Wood near
Eglestone, also near the
High Force, Teesdale, and on the
banks of Waskerley Bourn, near Wolsingham, D.
3. S. linibata
Ach. Syn. 236;
Lichen limbatus
Eng. Bot. 1104;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 59;
On rocks among moss near
Eglestone, D. At the
foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, N.
4. S. sylvatica
Ach. Syn. 236;
Lichen sylvaticus
Eng. Bot. 2298;
Lightfoot, 848;
On rocks among moss in
Cawsey,
Eglestone, and
Blackstone Bank Woods, D. At the
foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, and in
East Common Wood, N.
71. PELTIDEA
1. P. horizontalis
Ach. Syn. 238;
Lichen horizontalis
Eng. Bot. 888;
Lightfoot, 849;
On
Gunnerton Crags, and at the
foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, N. On stones among moss in
Hag-crag Wood in Teesdale Forest, and in the neighbourhood of
Healy Field, D.
2. P. apthosa
Ach. Syn. 238;
Lichen apthosus
Eng. Bot. 1119;
Lightfoot, 847;
At the
foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, and on
Gunnerton Crags, also on rocks at
Shewing Shields, where it was noticed by Wallis, N. On stones among moss in
Hag-crag Wood in Teesdale Forest, D. In
Holwick. — Rev. J. Harriman.
3. P. canina
4. P. rufescens
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 61;
Berwick Flora, ii. 74;
Lichen rufescens
Eng. Bot. 2300;
Peltidea canina γ crispa
Ach. Syn. 329;
On
Gunnerton Crags near Barwesford, and at
Shewing-shields, N. In Teesdale, and the neighbourhood of
Healey Field, D.
5. P. polydactyla
Ach. Syn. 240;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 61;
Lichen caninus
Lightfoot, 846;
On the earth among moss in woods near
Eglestone, and on the
banks of the Derwent near Gibside, D.
6. P. spuria
Ach. Meth. 283, t. 5, f. 2;
Berwick Flora, ii. 74;
P. canina
Ach. Syn. 239;
Lichen spurius
Eng. Bot. 1542;
On the sea banks at
Hudshead, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
Acharius appears now to consider P. spuria not even a variety of P. caninaP. rufescens
of Smith, is his variety γ, and probably P. polydactyla
might be enumerated as another variety. Lightfoot at least considered it as such.
72. NEPHROMA
1. N. resupinata
Ach. Syn. 241;
Berwick Flora, ii. 75;
Lichen resupinatus
Eng. Bot. 305;
Peltidea resupinata
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 62;
On stones among moss at
Healey Field,
Beamish,
Urpeth, and in
Cawsey Wood, also in woods near
Eglestone, D. At the
foot of Cheviot above Langley Ford, and in
Dilston Park and
East Common Wood, N.
73. EVERNEA
1. E. prunastri
Ach. Syn. 245;
Berwick Flora, ii. 89;
Lichen prunastri
Eng. Bot. 859;
On trees, common. In fructification in
Gibside Woods, D. At
Wallington, N. — Miss Emma Trevelyan.
74. CENOMYCE
1. C. papillaria
Ach. Syn. 248;
Baeomyces papillaria
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 64;
Lichen papillaria
Eng. Bot. 907;
Upon moors near
Ravensworth,
Butsfield, the Woodlands, and
Eglestone, D. On
Cheviot,
Hedgehope, and the
Wallington Moors, N.
2. C. caespititia
Ach. Syn. 249;
Lichen caespititius
Eng. Bot. 1796;
On earth upon a stone wall in
Heaton Dene above Hadrick's Mill, N.
3. C. alcicomis
4. C. cervicornis
Ach. Syn. 251;
Lichen cervicornis
Eng. Bot. 2574;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 62;
On moors and mountains, N. and D. Near the
Roman aqueduct at Butsfield, D.
5. C. pixidata
Ach Syn. 252;
Berwick Flora, ii. 97;
Lichen pixidatus
Eng. Bot. 1393;
In denes and on moors, common.
6. C. Pocillum
Ach. Syn. 253;
Lichen Pocillum
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 65;
Upon
Cronkley Fell in Teesdale. — Rev. J. Harriman.
7. C. fimbriata
Ach. Syn. 254;
Berwick Flora, ii. 97;
Lichen fimbriatus
Eng. Bot. 2438;
L. cornutus
Eng. Bot. 1836;
L. radiatus
Eng. Bot. 1835;
On earth in mountainous situations, N. and D.
8. C. gonorega, β anomaea
Ach. Syn. 258;
Lichen anomaeus
Eng. Bot. 1867;
On high moors, N. and D.
9. C. ecmocyna, α gracilis
Ach. Syn. 261;
Berwick Flora, ii. 96;
Lichen gracilis
Eng. Bot. 1284;
β hybrida
Ach. Syn. 262;
On sub-alpine moors, N. and D.
10. C. bacillaris
Ach. Syn. 266;
Lichen filiformis
Eng. Bot. 2028;
L. tubiformis
Lightfoot, 871;
In sub-alpine denes and on moors, N. and D.
11. C. digitata
Ach. Syn. 267;
Berwick Flora, ii. 96;
Lichen digitals
Eng. Bot. 2439;
Lightfoot, 874;
On moors, frequent.
12. C. deformis
Ach. Syn. 268;
Lichen deformis
Eng. Bot. 1394;
Lightfoot, 876;
In sub-alpine denes and on moors, N. and D.
13. C. coccifera
Ach. Syn. 269;
Berwick Flora, ii. 96;
Lichen cocciferus
Eng. Bot. 2051;
L. cornucopioides
Lightfoot, 868;
α and β On moors and heaths, frequent.
14. C. bellidiflora
Ach. Syn. 270;
Berwick Flora, ii. 96;
Lichen bellidiflorus
Eng. Bot. 1894;
At
Prestwick Carr, on
Hexham and
Dilston Fells, and on
Cheviot, N. On the Teesdale and Weardale Moors, D.
Probably a variety of C. coccifera.
15. C. cenotea
Ach. Syn. 271;
Baeomyces cenoteus
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 65;
Ach. Hist. 345, t. 7, f. 7.
On the moors near
Edmondbyers, D.
16. C. sparassa
Ach. Syn. 273;
Lichen sparassus
Eng. Bot. 2362;
L. ventricosus
Lightfoot, 275;
In sub-alpine denes, N. and D.
17. C. delicata
Ach. Syn. 274;
Lichen delicatus
Eng. Bot. 2052;
On moors near
Lanchester, D. In
Dilston Park and on
Cheviot, N.
18. C. racemosa
Ach. Syn. 275;
Lichen spinosus
Lightfoot, 882;
Hudson, 459;
Baeomyces spinosus
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 66;
On walls near
Lanchester, D. On
Hexham and
Dilston Fells, N.
19. C. furcata
Ach. Syn. 276;
Lichen farcatus
Hudson, 458;
β subulata
Baeomyces subulata
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 66;
α and β On moors near
Eglestone, and in the vicinity of the
Roman aqueduct at Butsfield, D. On
Hexham and
Dilston Fell.', N.
20. C. uncialis
Ach. Syn. 276;
Berwick Flora, ii. 95;
Lichen uncialis
Eng. Bot. 174;
β udunca
Dill. Musc. t. 16, f. 21, A. B.
α. On heaths, common. β on
Cheviot and the Teesdale Moors, N. and D.
21. C. rangeferina
Ach. Syn. 277;
Berwick Flora, ii. 93;
Lichen rangeferinus
Eng. Bot. 173;
δ pungens
α On moors and heaths, abundant.. δ on
Hexham and
Dilston Fells, N.
75. BAEOMYCES
1. B. roseus
Ach. Syn. 280;
Lichen ericetorum
Eng. Bot. 372;
Lightfoot, 809;
On earth, in mountainous situations.
2. B. rufus
Ach. Syn. 280;
Berwick Flora, ii. 98;
Lichen rufus
Hudson, 527;
B. rupestris
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 64;
Lichen Byssoides
Eng. Bot. 372;
Lightfoot, 809;
On earth and stones in denes and on moors, N. and D. In
Scotswood and
Heaton Denes, and on the
Roman station at Caervoran, N. In
Twizell Dene, N.— Mrs. Selby.
3. B. placophyllus
Ach. Syn. 281;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 64;
On the moors about
Eglestone, D., rare. — Rev. J. Harriman.
76. ISIDIUM
1. I. corallinum
Ach. Syn. 281;
Berwick Flora, ii. 98;
Lichen corallinus
Eng. Bot. 1541;
β dealbatum
Variolaria dealbata
Eng. Bot. 2519;
α On rocks and stones in mountainous situations, N. and D. On the
Roman wall at House-steads, N. On
Murton Crags, N. — Dr. G. Johnston, β on the Teesdale Moors, D.
2. I. Westringii
Ach. Syn. 282;
Lichen Westringii
Eng. Bot. 2204;
Dicks. Cryp. Fasc. iv. 20.
On stone walls in Teesdale Forest, and in Weardale, D. In Allendale, and on the
Roman wall at Housesteads, N. In
Holwick. — Rev. J. Harriman.
3. I. microsticticum
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 66;
Lichen microsticticus
Eng. Bot. 2243;
L. punctatus
Dicks. Crypt. Fasc. iii. 15;
On walls in Teesdale Forest, D.
4. I. phymatodes
Ach. Syn. 282;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 47;
In
Newton-cap Wood, and in the
Bishop's park at Bishop Auckland, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
77. STEREOCAULON
1. S. paschale
Ach. Syn. 284;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 66;
Lichen paschale
Eng. Bot. 282;
On rocks and stones in sub-alpine situations.
2. S. condyloideum
Ach. Syn. 285;
On the
Roman wall at House-steads, N. In the north-west of the county of Durham.— Mr. John Thornhill.
3. S. cereolinum
Ach. Syn. 285;
S. Cereolus
Eng. Bot. t. 2667;
Lichen Vulcani
Bory, Voy. ii. 147.
On Basaltic rocks and stones near
Eglestone, D. — Rev. John Harriman. On the
Roman Wall at Walltown, and
east of Housesteads, N.
4. S. namum
Ach. Syn. 285;
On rocks and stones in Teesdale Forest, D. — Rev. John Harriman.
78. SPHAEROPHORON
1. S. coralloides
Ach. Syn. 287;
Berwick Flora, ii. 97;
Lichen globiferus
Eng. Bot. 115;
Lightfoot, 887;
On the Teesdale and Weardale Moors, D. On
Cheviot,
Simonside,
Hedgehope, and on the
Roman wall at House-steads, also on
Gunnerton Crags, and near
Harbottle and
Heddon-on-the-Wall, N.
2. S. fragile
Ach. Syn. 287;
Berwick Flora, ii. 97;
Lichen fragilis
Lightfoot, 888;
Eng. Bot. 2474;
On
Cheviot,
Hedgehope,
Simonside, and the
Harbottle Moors, N. On the Weardale and Teesdale Moors, D.
Probably a variety of S. globiferus.
3. S. compressum
Ach. Syn. 287;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 67;
Lichen fragilis
Eng. Bot. 114;
On rocks at
Eglestone,
Knitsley, and
Muggleswick, D. On
Shaftoe Crags,
Harbottle Moor, and
Gunnerton Crags near Barwesford, also on
Cheviot,
Hedgehope, and
Simonside, N.
79. ALECTORA
1. A. jubata
Ach. Syn. 291;
Berwick Flora, ii. 92;
Lichen jubatus
Lightfoot, 891;
Eng. Bot. 1880;
Parmelia jubata
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 60;
β chalybeiformis
α On
Gunnerton Crags and rocks at
Harlow Hill, near
Rothbury, on
Cheviot and
Simonside, also at
Shewing-shields, where it was observed by Wallis, N. On
Murton Crags, at
Rawse Castle and
Hepburn Hill near Chillingham, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. Upon the common heath, and on rocks and trees near
Eglestone, D. β on trees in
Charnberry near Eglestone, D. α on
Gateshead Fell, D. — Mr. J. Thornhill.
80. RAMALINA
1. R. polymorpha
Ach. Syn. 295;
Parmelia polymorpha
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 60;
On rocks and stones in the neighbourhood of
Eglestone, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
2. R. fraxinea
3. R. fastigiata
Ach. Syn. 296;
Berwick Flora, ii. 91;
Lichen fastigiatus
Eng. Bot. 890;
On trees and pales, frequent.
4. R. scopulorum
Ach. Syn. 297;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 68;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 348;
Berwick Flora, ii. 90;
Lichen scopulorum
Eng. Bot. 688;
β siliquosus
With. iv. 40;
On rocks near the
sea coast at Newbiggen,
Dunstanborough, and
Bamborough Castles, on the
Heugh and St. Cuthbert's Island,
Holy Island, also on the
Staples and Fern Islands, N. At
Hudshead — Dr. G. Johnston. On
Hartley Bates, N — Mr. J. Thornhill. & on the top of a wall in
Lune — Rev. J. Harriman.
5. R. farinacea
6. R. pollinaria
Ach. Syn. 298;
Lichen pollinarius
Eng. Bot. 1607;
Parmelia pollinaria
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 60;
On old pales and rocks in Teesdale, D — Rev. J. Harriman.
81. CORNICULARIA
1. C. tristis
Ach. Syn. 299;
Berwick Flora, ii. 92;
Lichen trislis
Eng. Bot. 720;
L. corniculatus
Lightfoot, 855;
On
Cheviot,
Hedgehope, and
Simonside, N. On rocks near
Blackton not far from
Eglestone, also in in the neighbourhood of
Middleton-in-Teesdale, D. On
Cronkley Fell, D Rev. J. Hariman.
2. C. aculeata
Ach. Syn. 299;
β spadicca
Berwick Flora, ii. 91;
Lichen hispidus
Eng. Bot. 452;
Lightfoot, 883;
δ muricata
L. muricatus
Swartz. Nov. Act. Ups. v. 248.
On
Simonside and at
Prestwick Carr, N. On
Gateshead and
Ravensworth Fells, D. In sub-alpine situations, not rare, D. and N.
3. C. ochroleuca
Ach. Syn. 301;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 69;
Lichen ochroleucus
Eng. Bot. 2374;
On
Eglestone Moors, D., rare. — Rev. J. Harriman.
4. C. lanata
Ach. Syn. 302;
Lichen lanatus
Eng. Bot. 846;
Lightfoot, 892;
On stones upon the Teesdale Moors, D. On
Cheviot,
Simonside, and
Hedgehope, N.
82. USNEA
1. U. florida
Ach. Syn. 304;
Lichen floridus
Eng. Bot. 872;
L. hirtus
Eng. Bot. 1356;
Usnea plicata
Ach. Syn. 305;
In fructification in
Gibside Woods, D. On trees in woods, not rare, N. and D.
2. U. plicata
Ach. Syn. 305;
U. hirta
Berwick Flora, ii. 93;
Lichen plicatus
Eng. Bot. 257;
Lightfoot, 889;
Upon trees on the banks of
Waskerley Bourn near
Wolsingham, D.
83. COLLEMA
1. C. nigrum
Ach. Syn. 308;
Berwick Flora, ii. 78;
Lichen niger
Eng. Bot. 1161;
Lecidea nigra
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 41;
Upon rocks on
Cleadon and
Boldon Hills, on
Gateshead Fell, and near
Eglestone, D. In
Scotswood and
Heaton Denes, and near
Heddon-on-the-Wall, N. In the
Quarry at Hudshead, N; and
near the Old Castle, Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. C. crispum
Ach. Syn. 311;
Berwick Flora, ii. 77;
Lichen crispus
Eng. Bot. 834;
β cristatum
Ach. Syn. 312;
α and β On
the ground in the neighbourhood of Eglestone; β on
Cleadon and
Boldon Hills, D. Near
Berwick, and in
Dilston Park, also near
Ridley Hall, N.
3. C. meloenum
Ach. Syn. 315;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 59;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 71;
Berwick Flora, ii. 78;
On stones about
Eglestone, D. On Sandstone walls near
Berwick, N Dr. G. Johnston.
4. C. fasciculare
Ach. Syn. 317;
Lichen fascicularis
Eng. Bot. 1162;
Lightfoot, 841;
On Calcareous stones near
Middleton-in-Teesdale, and
Wycliffe, D. On stone walls near
Hexham, N.
5. C. saturinum
Ach. Meth. 320;
Lichen saturinus
Eng. Bot. 1980;
Dicks. Crypt. Fasc. ii. 21 t. 6, f. 8.
On trees in
Horsley Hope Dene, and on trees and stones near
Eglestone, D. On stones near
Hexham, and above
Langley Ford at the
foot of Cheviot, N.
6. C. flaccidum
Ach. Syn. 322;
Lichen flaccidus
Eng. Bot. 1653;
L. rupestris
Swartz. Nor. Act. Ups. iv. 249.
On stones in a rivulet in
Holwick. — Rev. J. Harriman. On rocks in
Wooler Water above Langley Ford, N.
7. C. tunaerforme
Ach. Syn. 322;
Parmelia tunarformis
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 58;
On Limestone rocks about
Eglestone and
Middleton-in-Teesdale. — Rev. J. Harriman. Near
Wycliffe, D.
8. C. fureum
Ach. Syn. 323;
Lichen granulatus
Eng. Bot. 1757;
On trees in the neighbourhood of
Eglestone, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. In
East Common Wood and
Dilston Park, N.
9. C. scotinum
Ach. Syn. 323;
β sinuatum
Lichen sinuatus
Eng. Bot. 772;
Parmelia scotina
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 58;
α and β On the ground and on stones about
Eglestone, D.— Rev. J. Harriman. In
Dilston Park, N.
10. C. laccrum
Ach. Syn. 327;
Lichen laccr
Eng. Bot. 1982;
L. tremelloides
Lightfoot, 842;
Among moss in
Cocken,
Cawsey, the
Howns,
Gibside, and
Ravensworth woods, and on Lanchester and
Cronkley Fells, D. In
Dilston Park and
above Langley Ford, also in the
Felton Woods, N.
11. C. muscicola
Ach. Syn. 328;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 72;
Lichen muscicola
Eng. Bot. 2264;
On
Cheviot and
Simonside, N. Upon the
Hag Crag in Teesdale Forest, D. Near
Muggleswick, D. — Mr. J. Thornhill.
12. C. spongiosum
Ach. Syn. 329;
Lichen spongiosis
Eng. Bot. 1374;
Parmelia spongiosa
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 53;
On
Lanchester Fell upon earth, D. On
Eglestone and Teesdale Moors, and near the
Smelt Mill in Harewood, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
84. LEPRARIA
1. L. chlorina
Ach. Syn. 329;
Eng. Bot. 2038;
On rocks and old walls.
2. L. flava
Ach. Syn. 330;
Eng. Bot. 1350;
Berwick Flora, ii. 103;
Byssus candelarius
Lightfoot, 1005;
On trees and old pales, common.
3. L. Jolithus
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 73;
Eng. Bot. 2471;
L. rubens
Ach. Meth. 6.
On rocks and trees in Teesdale, and in woods on the Derwent, also in
Cawsey Wood, D. In
East Common Wood near Hexham, N.
Not rare in sub-alpine situations. It has the scent of violets, but faint.
4. L. aeruginosa
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 73;
Eng. Bot. 2182;
Conferva pulveria
Dillwyn, p. 78;
On old stone walls in damp places.
5. L. latebrarum
Ach. Syn. 331;
Eng. Bot. 2147;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 73;
Berwick Flora, ii. 103;
On rocks in shady situations, and in caverns.
6. L. nigra
Eng. Bot. 2409;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 73;
On old oak posts, pales, &c.
7. L. ? alba
Eng. Bot. 1349;
Byssus lactea
Hudson, 669;
Berwick Flora, ii. 104;
Upon mosses and the bark of trees, frequent.
8. L. lutescens
Eng. Bot. 1529;
Ach. Meth. 5;
On the bark of old trees, common.
9. L. ochracea
Eng. Bot. 2408;
On the bark of trees in woods.
10. L. virescens
Eng. Bot. 2149;
On the bark of trees in woods, particularly Elms, not rare.
HYPOXYLA
85. RHIZOMORPHA
1. R. subcorticalis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 354;
Ach. Syn. 288;
Berwick Flora, ii. 143;
Persoon, Syn. 704;
R. patens
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 111;
Sowerby, t. 392, f. 1, 2.
Between the wood and bark of Fir andother trees not rare; in
Bradley Wood, at Cleadon, and near
Eglestone, D. In
Scotswood,
Walbottle, and
Heaton Denes, also near
Wallington, N.
2. R. divergens
Gr. Crypt, t. 154;
Berwick Flora, ii. 143;
Clavaria phosphorea
Sowerby, t. 100.? ;
Between the wood and bark of Fir trees, not rare.
3. R. farinacea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 354;
On decayed stumps of trees in
Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, N. In
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, D.
4. R. setiformis
Persoon, Syn. 705;
Berwick Flora, ii. 143;
Hypoxylon loculiferum
Bull. 495, f. 1, A. B;
Sphaeria hypotrichoides
Sowerby, t. 200;
Dill. 76, t. 13, f. A. B.
On dead wood and leaves, also in cellars.
5. R. spinosa
Ach. Syn. 288;
Sowerby, t. 299;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 110;
On timber in the Weardale, Allendale, and
Nenthead Lead Mines, D. and N. In the
Charnberry Lead Mine, Teesdale, D.— Rev. J. Harriman.
6. R. dichotoma
Ach. Syn. 289;
Sowerby, t. 298;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 110;
On timber in the Weardale and Derwent Lead Mines, D. In the
Charnberry Lead Mine in Teesdale, D. — Rev. J. Harriman. In the Nenthead and
Allenheads Lead Mines, N.
7. R. Harrimanni
Sowerby, t. 431,f. 1;
In the lead mines of Northumberland and Durham, growing on timber beginning to decay.
86. SPHAERIA
1. S. hypoxylon
Persoon, Syn. 5;
Sowerby, t. 55;
Berwick Flora, ii. 117;
Bolton, t. 129, b, c, i, e, f;
Xylaria hypoxylon
Gr. Fl. Eds. 355;
S. cupressiformis
Persoon, Syn. 5;
Clavaria cupressiformis
With. iv. 441;
Bolton, 129, g.
α and β On the stumps of decayed trees and gateposts, common.
2. S. digitata
Persoon, Syn. 6;
Xylaria digitata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 355;
On the stumps of trees in a state of decay, N. and D.
3. S. polymorpha
Gr. Crypt, t. 237;
Persoon, Syn. 7;
S. digitata
Sowerby, t. 69;
Bolton, t. 129, h;
Xylaria polymorpha
Gr. Fl. Eds. 355;
On the rotten stumps of trees, frequent.
4. S. concentrica
Bolt. t. 180;
Persoon, Syn. 8 t. 1, f. 34;
S. fraxinea
Sowerby, t. 160;
With. iv. 467;
Hypoxylon concentricum
Gr. Crypt, t. 324 f. 1;
On the trunks of trees, frequent.
5. S. fragiformis
Gr. Syn. 24;
Persoon, Syn. 9 t. 1, f. 1, 2;
Berwick Flora, ii. 121;
S. lycoperdoides
With. iv. 466;
Lycoperdon variolosum
Sowerby, t. 271;
Stromatosphaeria fragiformis, var. laevis
Gr. Crypt. t. 136.
On dead branches of the Beach, &c.
6. S. elliptica
Gr. Syn. 23;
Stromatosphaeria elliptica
Gr. Fl. Eds. 357;
Crypt, t. 114;
On the branches of the Birch in a state of decay.
7. S. granulosa
Sowerby, t. 355;
Persoon, Syn. 11;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 109;
Hypoxylon granulosum
Bull. t. 487, f. 2.
On the bark of the Birch, common.
8. S. mammosa
With. iv. 466;
Purton, t. 22;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 108;
Fl. Dan. 1079;
In
East Common Wood and
Dilston Park on the bark of dead trees, N. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
9. S. rugosa
10. S. spermoides
Persoon, Syn. 75;
Gr. Syn. 22;
Crypt, t. 6;
Berwick Flora, ii. 125;
S. aggregata
With. iv. 469;
S. bombardica
Bolton, t. 122, f. 2;
Sowerby, t. 372, f. 4.
On stumps of Ash trees in a state of decay, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. S. gelatinosa
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 385;
Berwick Flora, ii. 121;
S. pallida
Persoon, Syn. 12;
On dead branches of trees in the plantation at
Murton Crags, near Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
12. S. fusca
Persoon, Syn. 12;
Berwick Flora, ii. 121;
S. tuberculosa
Bolton, 123, f.1;
Sowerby, 374, f. 8;
With. iv. 467;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 108;
On dead sticks in
Heaton and
Walbottle Denes, N. In
Ravensworth and
Gibside, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
13. S. rebesia
Persoon, Syn. 14;
Berwick Flora, ii. 123;
On the Red Currant, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
14. S. punctata
Sowerby, t. 54;
S. Poronia
Persoon, 15;
S. truncata
Bolton, 127, f. 2;
With. iv. 414;
Bull. t. 252;
Hypoxylon punctatum
Gr. Crypt, t. 327;
On old hot-beds and dung-hills, rare.
15. S. deustum
Persoon, Syn. 16;
S. maxima
Bolton, t. 181;
Sowerby, t. 338;
With. iv. 467;
Hypoxylon deustum
Gr. Crypt, t. 324 f. 2.
On the trunks of trees, not rare.
16. S. citrina
Gr. Syn. 23;
Crypt, t. 215;
Persoon, Syn. 18;
S. ochracca
Persoon, Syn. 18;
On rotten wood and bark, not rare.
17. S. Purtoni
Gr. Syn. 23;
Cucurbitaria Pinastri
Crypt, t. 50;
On the branches of Fir trees, not rare.
18. S. prunastri
Persoon, Syn. 37;
Berwick Flora, 123;
Stromatosphoeria prunastri
Gr. Fl. Eds. 358;
On the dead branches of the Sloe.
19. S. elongata
Gr. Syn. 22;
Cucurbitaria elongata
Crypt, t. 195;
On the branches of the common Furze, frequent.
20. S. cinnabarina
Gr. Syn. 23;
Berwick Flora, ii. 123;
S. decolorans
Persoon, Syn. 49;
S. fragiformis
With. iv. 465;
Cucurbitaria cinnabarina
Gr. Crypt, t. 135;
On the dead branches of trees, very common, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
21. S. moriformis
Persoon, Syn. 86;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 364;
Berwick Flora, 125;
S. claviformis
Sowerby, t. 337.
On dead Fir wood at
Benwell,
Gilsland, and
East Common Wood, N. In
Gibside Woods and at
Lanchester, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
22. S. phaecomes
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 404;
Berwick Flora, 130;
Cryptosphaeria capillata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 362;
Crypt. t. 69.
On the dead leaves of grasses. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
23. S. trichella
Berwick Flora, 130;
Vermicularia trichella
Gr. Crypt, t. 345;
S. phaecomes
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 404. var.
On dead Ivy leaves. — Dr. G. Johnston.
24. S. Empetri
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 403;
Berwick Flora, ii. 130;
Hypoderma sphaeroides
Lam. and De Cand. v. 165;
On the dead leaves of Empetrum nigrum on the moors of N. and D.
25. S. Stigma
Gr. Syn. 23;
Persoon, Syn. 21;
Berwick Flora, ii. 117;
With. iv. 470;
S. decorticata
Sowerby, t. 137;
Stromatosphaeria Stigma
Gr. Crypt. t. 223, f. 2.
On the dead branches of trees, common. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
26. S. undulata
Gr. Syn. 23;
Persoon, Syn. 21;
Berwick Flora, ii. 118;
Stromatospharia undulata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 356;
Crypt. 223, fr. 1.
On the dead branches of trees, not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
27. S. disciformis
Gr. Syn. 23;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 5;
Persoon, Syn. 24;
Berwick Flora, ii. 121;
Stromatosphaeria disciformis
Gr. Crypt. 314;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 357;
On the dead branches of the Beach and other trees, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
27. S. typhina
Gr. Syn. 24;
Persoon, Syn. 29;
Berwick Flora, ii. 120;
S. spiculifera
Sowerby, t. 274;
Stromatosphaeria typhina
Gr. Crypt, t. 204;
On the culms of living grasses, not rare. About
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
28. S. flavo-virens
Persoon, Syn. 22;
Berwick Flora, ii. 118;
Stromatosphaeria multiceps
Gr. Fl. Eds. 356;
S. flavo-virens
Crypt, t. 320;
Syn. 23;
Sphaeria multiceps
Sowerby, t, 394, f. 8.
On the dead branches of trees, common. N. and D.
West Ord, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
30. S. oblonga
Sowerby, t. 374, f. 7;
Berwick Flora, ii. 121;
In the neighbourhood of
Newcastle, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
31. S. quercina
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 389;
Berwick Flora, ii. 119;
On Oak-branches, N. and D. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
32. S. rosella
Gr. Syn. 22;
Crypt, t. 138;
On rotten wood and dead leaves, not rare.
33. S. atro-purpurea
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 389;
Berwick Flora, ii. 118;
Bot. Gall. ii. 681;
On rotten wood near
Berwick, rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
34. S. lata
Persoon, Syn. 29;
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 388;
Berwick Flora, ii. 118;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 357;
decorticated wood Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Newcastle, not rare, N. and D.
35. S. myriocarpa
Gr. Syn. 22;
Crypt, t. 152 f. 1;
On posts and wood beginning to decay.
36. S. Coryli
37. S. rubens
38. S. stellulata
Berwick Flora, ii. 122;
Bot. Gall. ii. 686;
On dead branches of the Elm Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
39. S. Hederae
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 430;
Berwick Flora, ii. 130;
On the leaves of the Ivy, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
40. S. pulchella
Gr. Syn. 23;
Cryptosphaeria pulchella
Crypt. 67.
On the dead branches of the Cherry and Birch.
41. S. Pinastri
Gr. Syn. 21;
S. Taxi
Sowerby, t. 394, f. 6;
Cryptosphaeria Taxi
Gr. Crypt, t. 13;
On the dead leaves of the Yew and Silver Fir.
42. S. millepunctata
Gr. Syn. 21;
Berwick Flora, ii. 124;
Cryptosphaeria millepunctata
Gr. Crypt, t. 201;
On the dead branches of the Ash, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
43. S. multicapsula
Purton, ii. 716 f. 8;
On decayed wood at
Ravensworth, D. Near
Benwell and
Hexham, N.
44. S. Graminis
Persoon, Syn. 30;
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 391;
Berwick Flora, ii. 119;
On dead Carices and Grasses, frequent. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
45. S. nebulosa
Persoon, Syn. 31;
Berwick Flora, ii. 127;
Cryptosphaeria nebulosa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 362;
On the dead stems of the Hemlock, frequent. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
46. S. longissima
Persoon, Syn. 31;
Berwick Flora, ii. 127;
On the dead stems of the Chaerophyllum sylvestre
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
47. S. Angelica
Berwick Flora, ii. 129;
S. punctiformis
Angelicaria
Lam. and De Cand. iv. 145;
On the leaves of Angelica sylvestris N. and D.
48. S. Junci
49. S. aurea
Gr. Syn. 22;
Crypt, t. 47;
On Fungi in a state of decay, N. and D. At
Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
50. S. convergens
Persoon, Syn. 46;
Sowerby, t. 374, f. 6;
Berwick Flora, ii. 122;
Near
Berwick, not rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
51. S. culmifraga
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 403;
Berwick Flora, ii. 127;
On dead leaves of Arundo arenaria
N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
52. S. filicina
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 391;
Berwick Flora, ii. 119;
S. Pteridis
Sowerby, t. 394, f. 10.
On Pteris aquilina common, .in autumn, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
53. S. seatina
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 403;
Berwick Flora, ii. 129;
On the dead leaves of the Bramble and Hawthorn near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
54. S. nivea
55. S. leucostoma
Persoon, Syn. 39;
Berwick Flora, ii. 122;
On the branches of the Hawthorn, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
56. S. coronata
With. iv. 468;
Purton, iii. 489;
Rehlan, Ed. 2, No. 1387;
S. convergens
Persoon, Syn. 46;
Sowerby, t. 374, f. 6.
On decayed branches of trees in
East Common Wood and
Dilston Park, N. In Long Acre and
Gibside Woods, D.
57. S. faginea
Persoon, Syn. 44;
Berwick Flora, ii. 120;
S. perforata
Sowerby, 372, f. 2;
Cryptosphaeria faginea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 359;
On Beach trees near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
58. S. ambicus
Persoon, Syn. 44;
Berwick Flora, ii. 122;
On the bark of the Hawthorn near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
59. S. Laburni
Persoon, Syn. 50;
Spreng. Syst. Veg. 395;
Berwick Flora, ii. 123;
Near
Berwick, on the branches of the Laburnum. — Dr. G. Johnston. In
Falla's Nursery near Gateshead, D.
60. S. episphaeria
Gr. Crypt, t. 175;
Persoon, Syn. 57;
Lam. and De Cand. v. 142;
Berwick Flora, ii. 126;
Near
Berwick, frequent. — Dr. G. Johnston. Upon dead Hypoxyla
in woods near
Newcastle.
61. S. verrucosa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 364;
Crypt. t. 39;
Berwick Flora, 125;
Parasitic, on Polyporus abietinus
Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
62. S. tubaeformis
Gr. Syn. 21;
Crypt, t. 335 f. 1;
Persoon, Syn. 60;
On the dead leaves of trees.
63. S. Gnomon
Gr. Syn. 21;
Crypt. t. 335, f. 2;
Persoon, Syn. 61;
Sowerby, t. 373, f. 6;
On the dead leaves of the Hazel.
64. S. acuta
Gr. Syn. 21;
Sowerby, t. 119;
With. iv. 468;
Persoon, Syn. 62;
Berwick Flora, ii. 126;
Cryptosphaeria acuta
Gr. Crypt, t. 239 f. 1.
On dead stems of herbaceous plants, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
65. S. setacea
Persoon, Syn. 62;
Berwick Flora, ii. 128;
On the dead leaves of the Birch and Sycamore, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
66. S. Peziza
Gr. Syn. 22;
Crypt, t. 186 f 2;
Peziza hydrophora
Bull. t. 410, f. 2;
Lycoperdon hydrophorum
Sowerby, t. 23.
On rotten wood, not rare.
67. S. aguila
Bot. Gall. ii. 697;
Berwick Flora, ii. 124;
S. Byssiseda
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 295;
Persoon, Syn. 67;
On the bark of trees in
Ravensworth woods, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
68. S. aurantia
Gr. Syn. 22;
Persoon, Syn. 68;
Cryptosphaeria aurantia
Gr. Crypt, t. 78;
On decaying Fungi.
69. S. tomentosa
Rehlan, 2nd Ed., No. 1382;
With. iv. 464;
Purton, iii. 287;
S. ovina
Persoon, Syn. 71;
S. obducta
Bolton, 125.
On decayed branches of trees in
Scotswood dene, N. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
70. S. calva
Persoon, Syn. 74;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 364;
Berwick Flora, ii. 128;
On dead stalks of Senecio Jacobaea
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
71. S. Patella
Gr. Fl. Eds. 863;
Persoon, Syn. 76;
Berwick Flora, ii. 126;
Heterosphaeria Patella
Gr. Crypt, t. 103;
On the dead stems of Umbelliferous plants, frequent. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
72. S. conigera
Bot. Gall. ii. 705;
Berwick Flora, ii. 126;
S. strobilina
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 8;
On the dead cones of Pinus Abies not rare.
73. S. Doliolum
Gr. Syn. 21;
Persoon, Syn. 78;
Berwick Flora, ii. 127;
Cryptosphaeria Doliolum
Gr. Crypt, t. 239 f. 2;
On the dead stems of Umbelliferous plants, N. and D. On the stems of Angelica sylvestris
Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
74. S. Herbarum
Persoon, Syn. 78;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 7;
Berwick Flora, ii. 127;
Cryptosphaeria Herbarum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 361;
On the dead stalks of Umbelliferous plants, common. N. and D.
75. S. sanguinea
Gr. Syn. 22;
Crypt, t. 175 f. 1;
Persoon, Syn, 81;
Berwick Flora, ii. 125;
Bolton, t. 121, f. 1;
With. iv. 464;
Sowerby, t. 254;
Hypoxylon phoeniceum
Bull. t. 487, f. 3.
On the branches of trees, not rare, N. and D.
76. S. Tiliae
Persoon, Syn. 84;
Berwick Flora, ii. 124;
On dead twigs of the Sycamore in the plantations at
New-water Haugh near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
77. S. concava
Sowerby, t. 317;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 109;
On dead leaves of the Holly, frequent. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
78. S. Pulvis-pyrius
Gr. Syn. 22;
Crypt, t. 152 f. 2;
Berwick Flora, ii. 125;
Persoon, Syn. 86;
On dead wood, common. On Hazel Dr. G.Johnston.
79. S. Aegopodii
Persoon, Syn. 89;
Berwick Flora, ii. 129;
Cryptosphaeria
Gr. Fl. Eds. 362;
On the leaves of Aegopodium Podagraria
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
80. S. punctiformis
81. S. maculiformis
Persoon, Syn. 90;
Berwick Flora, ii. 129;
On Oak, Chesnut, Beach, and other leaves in a state of decay, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
82. S. lichenoides
Berwick Flora, ii. 131;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 299 and iv. 147;
Xyloma lichenoides
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 304;
On leaves of the Ash and Sycamore near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
87. DOTHIDEA
1. D. Ulmi
Gr. Syn. 20;
Fries, iv. t. 200 f. 1;
Berwick Flora, ii. 132;
On dead leaves of the Elm, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. D. betulina
Gr. Syn. 20;
Fries, iv. t. 200 f. 2;
On the leaves of the Birch.
3. D. Robertiani
Gr. Syn. 20;
Crypt, t. 146 f. 1;
Berwick Flora, ii. 132;
On the leaves of the Geranium Robertianum
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. D. alnea
Gr. Syn. 20;
Crypt, t. 146 f. 2;
Berwick Flora, ii. 133;
Xyloma alneum
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 9;
On the leaves of the Alder, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. D. Heraclei
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 417;
Berwick Flora, ii. 133;
On the leaves of Heracleum Sphondylium
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. D. Alchemillae
Berwick Flora, ii. 133;
Asteroma Alchemillae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 369;
On the leaves of the Lady's Mantle, frequent.
88. POLYSTIGMA
1. P. rubrum
Gr. Syn. 21;
Crypt, t. 120;
Xyloma rubrum
Berwick Flora, ii. 139;
Persoon, Syn. 105;
Purton, t. 33;
On the upper side of the leaves of the Sloe.
89. HYSTERIUM
1. H. quercinum
2. H. pulicare
Gr. Syn. 18;
Fl. Eds. 366;
Crypt. t. 167, f. 1;
Berwick Flora, ii. 136;
Lichen scriptus
Lightfoot, 801;
On the wood of dead trees, not rare, N. and D. On the dead stems of Vaccinium Myrtillus
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. H. varium
Gr. Syn. 1 8;
Crypt, t. 233;
On Oak trees, not rare.
4. H. lineare
5. H. Fraxini
Gr. Syn. 18;
Crypt, t. 72;
Persoon, Syn. 100;
Berwick Flora, ii. 136;
Sphaeria sulcata
Bolton, t. 124;
Sowerby, t. 315;
With. iv. 469;
On the branches of the Ash, common. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. H. Rubi
Gr. Syn. 18;
Crypt, t. 24;
Persoon, Syn. 100;
On the stems of the Bramble.
7. H. Pinastri
Persoon, Syn. xxviii;
Gr. Crypt, t. 60;
Fl. Eds. 367;
Berwick Flora, ii. 136;
On the leaves of Pinus sylvestris common, .
8. H. Juniperini
Gr. Fl. Eds. 367;
Crypt, t. 26;
Berwick Flora, ii. 136;
H. Pinastri
Gr. Syn. 18. β.
On the dead leaves of the Juniper, frequent.
9. H. melaleucum
Gr. Syn. 18;
Crypt, t. 88;
On the dead leaves of the Red Whortle-berry, on the edges of the moors.
10. H. conigerum
Persoon, Syn. 102;
Berwick Flora, ii. 136;
Sphaeria strobilina
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 405.
On the cones of Pinus Abies
N. and D. Near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. H. culmigerum
Gr. Syn. 18;
H. gramineum
Crypt, t. 87;
Fl. Eds. 367;
Berwick Flora, ii. 136;
On dead stems and leaves of grasses, common.
12. H. maculare
Gr. Syn. 18;
Crypt, t. 129 f. 2;
On the dead leaves of trees.
13. H. foliicolum
Gr. Syn. 18;
β Hederae
Fries, iii. t. 129, f. 1;
On the dead leaves of the Ivy.
90. PHACIDIUM
1. P. Vaccinii
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 411;
Berwick Flora, ii. 134;
On the decayed leaves of Vaccinium Myrtillus
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. P. repandum
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 411;
Berwick Flora, ii. 134;
Xyloma herbarum
Lam. and De Cand. iv. 161;
On the living leaves of Sherardia arvensis
— Dr. G. Johnston.
3. P. coronatum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 366;
Crypt, t. 52;
Berwick Flora, ii. 133;
Xyloma Pezizoides
Persoon, Syn. 105;
Peziza comitialis
Sowerby, t. 118;
P. viridis
Bolton, t. 109, f. 1;
On dead leaves of the Beach and Oak, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
91. RHYSTISMA
1. R. acerinum
Gr. Syn. 19;
Berwick Flora, ii. 135;
Xyloma acerinum
Persoon, Syn. 104;
Gr. Crypt, t. 118 f. 1;
Mucor granulosus
Bull. t. 504, f. 13.
On the leaves of the Sycamore, common. N. and D.
2. R. salicinum
Gr. Syn. 19;
Berwick Flora, ii. 134;
Xyloma salicinum
Persoon, Syn. 106;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 304;
Gr. Crypt, t. 118 f. 2.
On the leaves of Salix capraea
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
92. STILBOSPHORA
1. S. biloculata
2. S. microsperma
Gr. Fl. Eds. 366;
Persoon, Syn. 96;
Berwick Flora, ii. 192;
On dead branches of the Willow. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. S. conglomerata
Berwick Flora, ii. 192;
Melanconium conglomeratum
Bot. Gall. ii. 884;
Link, in Willd. vi. 2, 92.
On branches of the Willow. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. S. betulina
Berwick Flora, ii. 192;
Didymosporum betulinum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 366;
On dead branches of Beach and Willow. — Dr. G. Johnston.
93. EXCIPULA
1. E. Rubi
Gr. Syn. 18;
Crypt, t. 334;
On the dead stems of the Raspberry.
94. CYTISPORA
1. C. leucosperma
Gr. Syn. 17;
Naemaspora Rosarum
Fries, i. t. 20;
On the dead branches of Briars, not rare.
95. SEPTORIA
1. S. Ulmi
Gr. Syn. 17;
Crypt. t. 112;
Berwick Flora, ii. 192;
On the inferior surface of Elm leaves. — Dr. G. Johnston.
96. CEUTHOSPORA
1. C. phacidioides
Gr. Syn. 17;
Crypt, t. 253;
Berwick Flora, ii. 141;
Sphaeria bifrons
Sowerby, t. 316.
On the dead leaves of the Holly, not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. C. Lauri
Gr. Syn. 17;
Crypt, t. 254;
Spharia Lauri
Sowerby, t. 371, f. 4.
On the dead leaves of Laurus nobilis not rare.
3. C. phaecomes
Gr. Syn. 17;
Crytosphaeria capillata
Crypt, t. 69;
On the dead leaves of Holcus mollis.
97. ACTINOTHYRIUM
1. A. Graminis
Gr. Syn. 16;
Crypt, t. 218;
On the leaves and stems of grasses, — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
98. PHOMA
1. P. salignum
Bot. Gall. ii. 726;
Xyloma salignum
Persoon, Syn. 106;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 368;
Berwick Flora, ii. 139;
On the leaves of Salix capraea and S. aurita
in a state of decay.
99. XYLOMA
1. X. concavum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 368;
Berwick Flora, ii. 139;
Sphaeria concava
Sowerby, t. 317;
Eustegia Ilicis
Bot. Gall. ii. 717.
On dead Holly leaves.
2. X. Geranii
3. X. Rosae
Bot. Gall. ii. 876;
Berwick Flora, ii. 140;
On the branches of native Roses.
4. X. Spiraeae
Berwick Flora, ii. 140;
Septostroma Spiraeae
Bot. Gall. ii. 726.
On dead stalks of the Meadow Sweet.
FUNGI
100. AMANITA
1. A. muscaria
Gr. Crypt, t. 54;
Agaricus muscarius
Berwick Flora, ii. 169;
With. iv. 234;
Sowerby, t. 286;
A. nobilis
Bolton, t. 46;
In
East Common Wood near Hexham, at
Roadley near Cambo, and Wooler, N. On the borders of woods in the county of Durham, not rare.
101. AGARICUS
1. A. ramealis
With. iv. 201;
Berwick Flora, ii. 173;
Persoon, Syn. 375;
Bull. t. 336;
A. candidus
Bolton, t. 39, D;
On dead sticks in woods, frequent.
2. A. eburneus
With. iv. 201;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 371;
Berwick Flora, ii. 163;
A. nitens
With. iv. 203;
Sowerby, t. 71;
A. cossus
121.
In meadows, pastures, and on lawns, frequent.
3. A. virgincus
Gr. Cypt. t. 166;
Persoon, Syn. 456;
Sowerby, t. 32;
A. niveus
With. iv. 291;
A. ericeus
Bull. t. 188.
In the same places as the last, of which it appears to be a variety.
4. A. giganteus
With. iv. 202;
Sowerby, t. 244;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 375;
In woods near Lamesley, D. In
East Common Wood and meadows near Wylam and Bywell, N.
5. A. cyathiformis
With. iv. 202;
Berwick Flora, ii. 163;
Bull. t. 248, A. B;
A. umbilicatus
Bolton, t. 17;
A. sordidus
With. iv. 252;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. i. t. 3, f. 1;
Bolton, t. 59;
A. tardus
Persoon, Syn. 461;
In woods and denes near
Newcastle. In Howns and
Bradley Woods, D.
6. A. gilvus
Persoon, Syn. 448;
Gr. Crypt, t. 41;
A. pilcolarius
Bull. t. 400;
Sowerby, t. 61;
A. cascus
With. iv. 205;
A. mollis
Bolton, t. 40;
A. cyathiformis
Fl. Dan. t. 1011;
A. infundibuliformis
Purton, iii. 393;
In
Heaton,
Scotswood, and
Walbottle Denes, also in
East Common Wood, N. In
Gibside and
Bradley Woods, D.
7. A. risigallinus
Batsch. t. 62;
A. pustillaris
With. iv. 204;
Near
Medomsley, D.
8. A. tigrinus
With. iv. 205;
Persoon, Syn. 458;
Bull. t. 70;
Sowerby, t. 68;
On stumps of trees in
Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, also in
East Common Wood, N. Near
Saltwellside,
Gibside, and at Healey-field, D.
9. A. Listeri
With. iv. 206;
Sowerby, t. 245;
Berwick Flora, ii. 164;
A. plumbeus
Persoon, Syn. 435;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 374;
In
Ravensworth,
Gibside, and Hamsterley Woods, also near
Medomsley, D. In
Scotswood dene, and among the cairn of stones at Heddon Laws, N.
10. A. fragrans
With. iv. 208;
Sowerby, t. 10;
Persoon, Syn. 455;
Near
Saltwellside and Marley Hill, D. In pastures at
Benwell and
Fenham, N.
11. A. radicatus
With. iv. 275;
Sowerby, t. 48;
Gr. Crypt, t. 217;
A. longipes
Bull. t. 232 and 515;
A. umbraculum
With. iv. 209;
Batsch. f. 4;
On the stumps of trees at
Medomsley and
Gibside, D. Near
Benwell and
Denton, also in
Felton Woods, N.
12. A. viscidus
Persoon, Syn. 291;
A. glutinosus
Schaeff. t. 36, 1, 2, 3, 4;
Sowerby, t. 7;
A. velatus
With. iv. 211;
Near
Heworth,
Gibside, and
Medomsley, D. On
Newcastle Town Moor, and near
Fenham and
Jesmond, N.
13. A. lamicinus
With. iv. 211;
Schaeff. 36, 5, 6, 7;
Near
Medomsley and
Kibblesworth, D.
Probably a variety of the last.
14. A. melleus
Fl. Dan. t. 1013;
Bolton, t. 141;
Gr. Crypt. 332;
With. iv. 314;
A. Polymyces
Persoon, Syn. 269;
A. stipitis
Sowerby, t. 101;
With. iv. 241;
Berwick Flora, ii. 169;
A. cumulatus
With. iv. 212;
A. congregates
Bolton, t. 140;
A. annulatus
Bull. t. 377 and 540, f. 3;
A. obscurus
Schaeff. t. 74;
A. fusco-pallidus
Bolton, t. 136;
A. laricinus
Bolton, t. 19;
With. iv. 243;
In
Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, N. On stumps of trees near
Saltwellside, Whickham,
Bradley, and in
Muggleswick Park, D.
15. A. aureus
With. iv. 213;
Bull. t. 92;
Sowerby, 77;
A. rheoides
With. iv. 267;
A. rhabarbarinus
Persoon, Syn. 271;
On stumps of trees in
Horsley Wood, N.
16. A. odorus
With. iv. 214;
Persoon, Syn. 323;
Bull. t. 176 and 556, f. 3;
Sowerby, t. 42;
Gr. Crypt, t. 28;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 175;
On decayed leaves in
Scotswood and
Horsley Wood, also near Kirkwhelpington, in
East Common Wood near Hexham, and at
Spring Gardens near Newcastle, N. Near
Medomsley, and at Cramer Dykes near Gateshead, D.
17. A. castanens
With. iv. 214;
Persoon, Syn. 298;
Bull. t. 268;
A. cinnamomeus
Bolton, t. 22;
In plantations near
Medomsley,
Gibside, and Lamesley, D. On shady hedge banks near
Benwell and
Fenham, N.
18. A. subdulcis
Persoon, Syn. 433;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 374;
A. lactifluus
With. iv. 216;
Sowerby, t. 204.
In woods near
Newcastle, frequent.
19. A. pilosus
With. iv. 217;
Sowerby, t. 164;
Hudson, 622;
A. Hudsoni
Persoon, Syn. 390;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 104;
A. villosus
Bolton, t. 42, the 2d. var. of With;
α On the dead leaves of the Holly in
Gibside,
Ravensworth, and Hilton Woods, D. 2d var. β, in
Waskerley Dene, D. In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N.
20. A. laccatus
Gr. Crypt. 249;
Berwick Flora, ii. 176;
Schaeff. t. 13;
A. farinaeus
Bolton, t. 64;
With. iv. 292;
A. amethysteus
Bull. t. 570, f. 1, and t. 198;
Persoon. Syn. 465;
A. amethystinus
Bolton, t. 63;
With. iv. 229;
Sowerby, 187;
A. livido-purpuraceus
With. iv. 320;
A. rosellus
With. iv. 218;
In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, and near Blanchland,
Scotswood,
Benwell, and
Fenham, N. In woods at
Lambton and
Lumley Castle, also at
Medomsley and
Bradley, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
21. A. deliciosus
With. iv. 219;
Sowerby, t. 202;
Persoon, Syn. 432;
Schaeff. t. 11;
Berwick Flora, ii. 167;
In pastures near Gateshead,
Medomsley, Hamsterley, and
Chester-le-Street, D. Near
Fenham,
Benwell, and
Felton, N.
22. A. rutilans
Gr. Fl. Eds. 371;
Berwick Flora, ii. 168;
A. Xerampelinus
Sowerby, t. 131;
Purton, iii. 210;
In
Fir plantations at the Woodlands near Lanchester, D.
23. A. torminosus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 373;
Sowerby, t. 103;
Persoon, Syn. 430;
A. piperatus
With. iv. 221;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 20;
On the borders of woods and denes, N. and D.
24. A. Celicioides
Gr. Fl. Eds. 373;
Berwick Flora, ii. 165;
A. necator
With. iv. 227;
In
Ravensworth and
Gibside Woods, also in
Horsley Hope and
Waskerley Denes, D.
25. A. piperatus
26. A. camphoratus
Bull. t. 567, f 1;
A. lactifluus
Bolton, t. 3;
Lightfoot, 1012;
A. dulcis
With. iv. 222;
In
Bradley,
Ravensworth, and
Lumley Wood, D.
27. A. pratensis
Gr. Crypt, t. 91;
Berwick Flora, ii. 164;
A. ericeus
With. iv. 222;
A. fulvus
With. iv. 228;
A. claviformis
With. iv. 224;
A. ficoides
Bull. t. 587, f. 1;
A. miniatus
Sowerby, t. 141;
Schaeff. t. 313;
A. fulvosus
Bolton, t. 56;
In meadows and pastures, not rare, N. and D.
28. A. flaccidus
29. A. acris
With. iv. 224;
Bolton, t. 60;
A. rubescens
Schaeff. t. 73.
In
Bradley,
Ravensworth, and
Lumley Woods, D. In
Dilston Park and
Oakwood, N.
30. A. fibula
With. iv. 225;
Bull. t. 186 and 550, f. 1;
A. parvus
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 22;
In meadows, pastures, and on the borders of woods, and in
Long-acre and
Bradley Woods, D. Near
Scotswood and
Benwell, N.
31. A. muralis
Sowerby, t. 322;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 384;
Among moss upon walls near Gateshead Turnpike Gate, and on the Fell, D. Near
Benwell and
Fenham, N.
32. A. ericetorum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 384;
Persoon, Syn. 472;
On the moors, not rare, N. and D.
33. A. adustus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 372;
With. iv. 225;
Persoon, Syn. 459;
Schhaeff. t. 71, 72;
A. nigricans
Bull. t. 212, 237, f. 2 and 579.
β elephantinus
Sowerby, t. 36;
α and β In woods near
Newcastle, but not common.
34. A. involutus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 389;
Persoon, Syn. 448;
A. contiguus
Sowerby, t. 98;
With. iv. 226;
In woods, and on turf upon the tops of stone fences.
35. A. graveolens
With. iv. 230;
Purton, iii. 206;
Berwick Flora, ii. 166;
In old pastures, and by hedges.
36. A. aestivus
With. iv. 231;
Near
Medomsley, D.— Mr. J. Thornhill.
37. A. elephantinus
With. iv. 232;
Sowerby, t. 36;
Berwick Flora, ii. 165;
In
Gibside and Hounds Woods, D. In
Gilsland Woods, N.
38. A. opacus
With. iv. 232;
Sowerby, t. 142;
In
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, D. In
Benwell Dene and
Fenham Woods, N.
39. A. furfurosus
With. iv. 233;
Near
Medomsley, and in
Long-acre Woods, D.
40. A. crassipes
With. iv. 233;
Sowerby, t. 129;
A. elasticus
With. iv. 239;
A. crassipes
Schaeff. 87, upper fig. f, g.
α In
Lumley Woods, D. β in
East Common Wood, and
Dilston Park, N.
41. A. terreus
With. iv. 237;
Sowerby, 76;
Berwick Flora, ii. 170;
Schaeff. 64, 1, 2, 3;
In lanes and plantations, not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
42. A. leucocephalus
43. A. gracilis
With. iv. 239;
In
East Common Wood and
Heaton Dene, N.
44. A. cyathoides
45. A. zonarius
With. iv. 244;
Sowerby, 203;
A. lactifluus zonarius
Bull. t. 104;
A. fuscus
Schaeff. t. 235.
In
Ravensworth,
Bradley, and
Howns Woods, also in
Horsley Hope and
Waskerley Denes, D. In
Heaton Dene and near
Gosforth, also in
Felton Woods, N.
46. A. nitidus
Persoon, Syn. 444;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 372;
A. integer
Berwick Flora, ii. 166;
With. iv. 245;
A. nauseosus
Persoon, Syn. 446;
A. vitellinus
442.
In
East Common Wood near Hexham, and in Henton Dene, N. In
Bradley Wood, and near
Pont Bourn, D.
47. A. emeticus
Persoon, Syn. 439;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 372;
A. integer
Sowerby, t. 201;
A. ochroleucus
Persoon, Syn. 443;
In most denes and woods, N. and D.
48. A. granulosus
Gr. Crypt, t. 104;
A. ochraceus
Bull. t. 362, 530, f. 3;
A. croceus
With. iv. 248;
Sowerby, t. 19;
Bolton, t. 51, f. 2;
In woods and plantations, among moss, N. and D.
49. A. ulmarius
Persoon, Syn. 473;
Sowerby, t. 67 and 384, f. 2;
Bull. t. 510 and 513, f. 1;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 85;
Among moss on the sides of Elms near
Medomsley, D. Near
Fenham and
Gosforth, N.
50. A. dealbatus
Sowerby, t. 123;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 55;
On the moors near
Bolyhope Lead-mill, D. Near
Barwesford, N.
51. A. parasiticus
Bull. t. 574, f. 2;
Persoon, Syn. 371;
A. umbratus
With. iv. 253;
On Fungi in a state of decay in
Bradley and
Ravensworth woods, D. In
Horsley Wood, D.
52. A. araneosus
With. iv. 254;
Bull. t. 431, 4 and 5;
In woods near
Hamsterley and at
Ravensworth, D. In
Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, N.
53. A. rimosus
With. iv. 255;
Gr. Crypt, t. 128;
Bull. t. 388 and 589;
Sowerby, t. 323;
Persoon, Syn. 310;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 85;
In woods, denes, and pastures, not rare.
54. A. lacticaulis
With. iv. 256;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 85;
In
Bradley and
Gibside Woods, D.
55. A. iliopodius
Bull. Fr. 21, 1, 10;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 85;
In
Bradley Wood, D. In
Horsley Wood,
Oakwood, and
Dilston Park, N.
56. A. glaucopus
With. iv. 258;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 386;
Persoon, Syn. 282;
Sowerby, t. 223;
Schaeff. t. 83;
A. subpurpurascens
With. iv. 258;
Batsch. 74;
Berwick Flora, ii. 167;
In
Heaton and
Scotswood, N. In
Ravensworth,
Gibside, and
Beamish Woods, D. In
New Water Haugh Wood Near BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
57. A. violaceus
With. iv. 260;
Sowerby, t. 209;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 386;
Berwick Flora, ii. 167;
A. hercynicus
Persoon, Syn. 278;
Near
Chester-le-Street,
Lumley, and
Medomsley, D. Near
Fenham and
Gosforth, N.
58. A. aeruginosus
Persoon, Syn. 419;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 391;
Sowerby, t. 264;
Schaeff. t. 1;
Bolton, t. 143;
With. iv. 318;
Berwick Flora, ii. 182;
A. cyaneus
With, iv. t. 261;
Bull. t. 530;
A. politus
Bolton, t. 30;
In plantations at
Medomsley, and woods at
Beamish,
Urpeth,
Cawsey, and
Gibside, D. Near
Benwell and
Denton, also at
Spring Gardens near Newcastle, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
59. A. flavidus
Sowerby, t. 96;
With. iv. 262;
A. equestris
With. iv. 353 var. 1;
Bolton, 149.
In meadows near
Urpeth,
Beamish, and
Medomsley, D.
60. A. calyciformis
With, iv. 263;
Batsch. t. 118;
Near
Medomsley,
Gibside, and
Lumley, D.
61. A. connatus
62. A. peronatus
With. iv. 266;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 379;
Sowerby, t. 37;
Bolton, t. 58;
Near
Beamish,
Urpeth, and
Medomsley, D. In
Scotswood and
Walbottle Denes, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
63. A. bulbosus
With. iv. 271;
Sowerby, t. 130;
Persoon, Syn. 295;
In
Lumley and
Bradley Woods, D. In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N.
64. A. cretaceus
With. iv. 273;
Bull. t. 374;
A. cepaestipes
Sowerby, t. 2;
A. luteus
With. iv. 289 var. 1;
Gr. Crypt. 333;
On bark in hot-houses and stoves, frequent. On dung-hills at
Benwell and
Denton. N.
65. A. tuberosus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 380;
Crypt, t. 23;
Bull. t. 256;
Persoon, Syn. 374;
A. alius
With. iv. 274 var. 2;
A. alumnus
Bolton, t. 155;
On large Agarics in a state of decay in
Bradley,
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, D. In
Horsley and
East Common Wood, also in
Scotswood dene, and near
Denton, N.
66. A. radicatus
With. iv. 275;
Gr. Crypt, t. 217;
Sowerby, t. 48;
A. longipes
Bull. t. 232, 515;
A. unibraculum
With. iv. 209;
Batsch. 77, f. 1.
In woods, denes, and by road sides, N. and D.
67. A. oreades
With. iv. 275;
Gr. Crypt, t. 323;
Bolton, t. 151;
Berwick Flora, ii. 175;
A. pratensis
Sowerby, t. 247;
Hudson, 616;
A. coriaceus
Lightfoot, 1020;
In pastures, common.
This is one of the Agarics which forms Fairy rings.
68. A. peronatus
Sowerby, t. 37;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 379;
Berwick Flora, ii. 176;
In woods, attached to leaves, straw, &c., N. and D.
69. A. horizontalis
With. iv. 279;
Bull. t. 235;
Sowerby, t. 341;
On old trees near
Urpeth,
Medomsley, and Cold Rowley, D.
70. A. clavus
With. iv. 279;
Lightfoot, 1027;
Bull. t. 148, B, C;
Bolton, t. 89;
Among moss and dead leaves in woods, N. and D.
71. A. Georgii
With. iv. 281;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 390;
Sowerby, t. 304;
Berwick Flora, ii. 175;
In
East Common Wood near Hexham, at
Holy Island, and in the vicinity of
Newcastle, N. Near
Medomsley,
Beamish, and
Urpeth, also on the sea coast near
Whitburn, D.
On the links near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
72. A. campestris
Gr. Crypt, t. 161;
With. iv. 285;
Bolton, t. 45;
Berwick Flora, ii. 173;
Sowerby, t. 305;
A. edulis
Bull. t. 134 and 514;
A. alutarius
Persoon, Syn. 265;
In meadows and pastures, frequent.
73. A. spadiceus
Persoon, Syn. 248;
A. badius
With. iv. 283;
Schaeff. t. 245;
Bolton, t. 38, f. 2;
In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N.
74. A. sanguineus
Persoon, Syn. 289;
Sowerby, t. 43;
A. rubens
Bolton, t. 36;
With. iv. 284;
In Fir plantations near
Medomsley and Lanchester, D.
75. A. latus
With. iv. 287;
Sowerby, 108;
Berwick Flora, ii. 170;
Bolton, t. 2;
A. lividus
Bull. t. 382.
In fields near
Heaton Dene by Goldspink Hall, also near
Benwell, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
76. A. helvolus
Persoon, Syn. 273;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 387;
A. hinnuleus
Sowerby, t. 173;
A. fusco-flavus
With. iv. 308;
Berwick Flora, ii. 171;
In Fir plantations at the Woodlands, and in
Bradley and
Lumley Woods, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
77. A. precox
Persoon, Syn. 420;
A. candicans
Schaeff. t. 217;
A. durus
With. iv. 290;
Bolton, t. 67, f. 1;
In
Bradley and
Gibside Woods, D. In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N.
78. A. fertilis
Persoon, Syn. 328;
A. phonosphermus
Bull. t. 547 and 534;
A. mammosus
With. iv. 290;
Bolton, t. 69;
In
Horsley and
East Common Woods, N.
79. A. primula
With. iv. 295;
Purton, iii. 215;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 87;
In Fir plantations near
Blanchland, N.
80. A. fibula
Sowerby, t. 45;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 384;
Persoon, Syn. 471;
A. parvus
With. iv. 294 var. 2;
Bull. t. 519, 1, B, C;
A. corticalis
Sowerby, t. 243.
Amongst moss in woods near
Gibside, and in
Axwell Park, also at
Cold Rowley, D. At
Wallington and in
Felton Woods, N.
81. A. varius
With. iv. 297;
Berwick Flora, ii. 179;
A. clypeatus
With. iv. 311;
Lightfoot, 1020;
Schaeff. t. 52;
A. pseudo-clypeatus
Bolton, t. 154;
A. tenuis
Bolton, t. 37;
Bull. t. 320.
On rotten wood in fields and hedge banks, N. and D.
82. A. galericulatus
Sowerby, t. 165;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 382;
Persoon, Syn. 376;
A. varius
With. iv. var. 2, 297.
In woods and hedges near
Newcastle, not rare, also in the county of Durham.
83. A. compressus
With. iv. 300;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 278;
Sowerby, t. 66;
Persoon, Syn. 363;
In pastures near
Benwell and
Denton, also in Fir plantations, N. and D.
84. A. purpurascens
With. iv. 302;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 87;
Near
Medomsley and Lamesley, D.
85. A. circumseptus
With. iv. 307;
Batsch. t. 98;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 87;
Near
Gibside,
Ravensworth, and
Medomsley, D. In
Horsley Wood, and
Dilston Park, N.
86. A. teuer
With. iv. 307;
Schaeff. 70;
Sowerby, t. 33;
Berwick Flora, ii. 179;
Persoon. Syn. 386;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 389;
A. colus
With. iv. 343;
A. cuspidatus
With. iv. 345;
Bolton, t. 66, f. 2;
In fields and pastures, common.
87. A. mutabilis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 387;
A. Xylophyllus
Sowerby, t. 167;
With. iv. 308;
A. caudicinus
Persoon, Syn. 271;
In woods on the Derwent, D. In
Heaton,
Scotswood, and
Walbottle Denes, N.
88. A. hypnorum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 389;
Berwick Flora, ii. 180;
Persoon, Syn. 385;
A. Hypni
With. iv. 410;
A. acicula
Sowerby, t. 282.
On the ground among moss, not rare, N. and D. In the
plantation at Murton Crags, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
89. A. epiphyllus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 381;
Berwick Flora, ii. 180;
A. squamula
Sowerby, t. 93.
On dead leaves in woods, N. and D.
90. A. clavus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 380;
Bolton, t. 39, B;
Purton, iii. 236;
Berwick Flora, ii. 180;
Among moss in shady woods, N. and D.
91. A. Du-Boisii
Berwick Flora, ii. 180;
Ray. Syn. i. 10, No. 54, t. 1, f. 2, a, a;
On old moss-grown trees, particularly willows, near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
92. A. arundicola
Berwick Flora, ii. 181 t. 0, fig. inf;
Parasitical on the stalks of the Sea Bent. On Spital Links, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
93. A. spinipes
Sowerby, t. 206;
Berwick Flora, ii. 181;
On decayed Fir cones, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
94. A. fimiputris
With. iv. 312;
Berwick Flora, ii. 179;
Bull. t. 66, var. 2;
A. varius
Bolton, t. 66, f. 1;
A. helvolus
Schaeff. t. 202.
On dung-hills, frequent. also in gardens and meadows.
95. A. striatus
Sowerby, t. 106;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 88;
On the stumps of willows near Winlaton Mill, D.
96. A. cinnamomeus
With. iv. 316;
Sowerby, t. 205;
Persoon, Syn. 297;
Berwick Flora, ii. 171;
Bolton, 150;
A. croceus
Persoon, Syn. 297;
In
Heaton Dene and
East Common Wood, N. In
Bradley Wood, and near
Chester-le-Street, D.
97. A. roseus
With. iv. 317;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 383;
Sowerby, t. 72;
Bull. t. 162;
A. purus
Persoon, Syn. 339;
Near
Medomsley and
Bradley, in woods, D.
98. A. fissus
With. iv. 319;
Bolton, t. 35;
A. pascuus
Persoon, Syn. 427;
On the banks of Waskerley Bourn, D. In
Felton Woods, N.
99. A. aurantius
With. iv. 320;
Curt. Lond. t. 308;
Berwick Flora, ii. 172;
Bolton, t. 67, f. 2;
Lightfoot, 1025;
A. croccus
Bull. t. 50 and 524, f. 3;
A. conicus
Schaeff. t. 2;
Persoon, Syn. 335, δ;
A. hyacinthus
Batsch. 81, f. 28.
In meadows and pastures near
Newcastle, also on
Holy Island, N. On the coast near South Shields,
Whitburn, and
Sunderland, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
100. A. ceraceus
With. iv. 323;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 377;
Sowerby, t. 20;
Persoon, Syn. 337;
In meadows and pastures, but not frequent.
101. A. psittacinus
With. iv. 323;
Gr. Crypt, t. 74;
Sowerby. t. 82;
Berwick Flora, ii. 172;
Schaeff. t. 301;
Persoon, Syn. 335;
A. chamaeleon
Bull. 562, t. 545, f. 1;
Earn, and De Cand. ii. 180.
In meadows and pastures near
Gateshead,
Gibside, and
Medomsley, D. On
Holy Island, and near
Belford, also about
Newcastle, but not common, N.
102. A. aquosus
Bolton, t. 71, f. 1;
A. cryptarum
With. iv. 324 var. 1;
On decayed wood not frequent. Near
Medomsley, D. In
Horsley and
Felton Woods, N.
Probably not a good species.
103. A. floccosus
With. iv. 326;
Gr. Crypt, t. 2;
Sowerby, t. 284;
Schaeff. t. 61;
A. squarrosus
Persoon, Syn. 268;
A. squamosus
Bull. t. 266;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 101;
In
East Common,
Horsley, and
Heaton Woods, N. In
Bradley Wood,
Waskerley Dene, and near
Chester-le-Street, D.
104. A. fascicularis
With. iv. 327;
Gr. Crypt, t. 329;
Persoon, Syn. 421;
Bolton, t. 29;
Sowerby, t. 285;
Berwick Flora, ii. 177;
A. pulverulentus
Bull. t. 178;
A. lateritius
Schaeff. t. 49;
exclude, f. 6.
On decayed wood, common.
105. A. lateritius
Persoon, Syn. 421;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 392;
Berwick Flora, ii. 177;
A. fascicularis
With. iv. 328 var. 3;
On the stumps of trees in a state of decay, N. and D.
106. A. semiglobatus
With. iv. 330;
Gr. Crypt. t. 344;
Persoon, Syn. 407;
Sowerby, t. 248;
Berwick Flora, ii. 178;
A. glutinosus
Curt. Lond. 1, t. 144;
A. nitens
Bull. t. 566, f. 4;
A. virosus
Sowerby. t. 407 and 408.
In meadows and pastures, common.
107. A. procerus
With. iv. 331;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 370;
Sowerby. t. 190;
Persoon, Syn. 257;
Berwick Flora, ii. 181;
Curt. Lond. t. 39;
A. annulatus
Lightfoot. 1025;
A. columbrinus
Bull. t. 78.
In
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, also near
Lanchester, D. Near
Blanchland, and in
Horsley Wood, N.
108. A. clypeolarius
With. iv. 335;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 370;
Sowerby, t. 14;
A. columbrinus
Persoon, Syn. 258;
On the borders of woods, N. and D.
109. A. cristatus
Gr. Crypt, t. 176;
Bolton, t. 7;
A. clypeolarius
With. iv. 336 var. 3;
In the county of Durham on the borders of woods, but not common. In
Horsley and
Felton Woods, N.
110. A. alliaceus
With. iv. 337;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 382;
Sowerby, t. 81;
Purton, t. 11;
A. porreus
Persoon, Syn. 376;
On decayed leaves in woods near
Medomsley and
Chester-le-Street, D. Near
Blanchland and in
Dilston Park, N.
111. A. piluliformis
112. A. micaceus
With. iv. 342;
Gr. Crypt. 76;
Bull. t. 565 and 246;
A. congregatus
With. iv. 341;
Berwick Flora, ii. 183;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 23;
Sowerby, t. 261;
A. ferrugineus
Persoon, Syn. 400;
A. turbinatus
With, iv. 339 var. 1;
Oil the stumps of trees and gate posts, frequent.
113. A. flavipes
With. iv. 342;
Persoon, Syn, 382;
Sibthorp, 305;
A. plicatus
Schaeff. t. 31.
In woods and denes, not rare, N. and D.
114. A. filopes
Bull, t.320;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 90;
Near
Medomsley, D. Near
Wylam and
Hexham, N.
115. A. atro-rufus
With. iv. 344;
Bolton, t. 51, f. 1;
Near
Medomsley and Wolsingham, D. Near
Denton and
Stamfordham, N.
116. A. titubans
With. iv. 374;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 393;
Sowerby, t. 128;
Persoon, Syn. 415;
Bull. t. 425, f. 1;
On horse and cow dung, not rare.
117. A. comatus
Gr. Crypt. t. 119;
Persoon, Syn. 395;
A. cylindricus
With. iv. 347;
Berwick Flora, ii. 182;
Schaeff. t. 8;
Sowerby, t. 189;
A. fimetarius
Bolton, t. 44;
A. typhoides
Bull. t. 16 and 582, f. 2;
A. ovatus
Schaeff. t. 7.
In meadows, pastures, and by the banks of hedges, frequent.
118. A. lacrymabundus
With. iv. 350;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 391;
Sowerby, t. 41;
A. veluinus
Persoon, Syn. 409;
In woods and by road sides, not rare.
119. A. reticulatus
With. iv. 350;
A. phlebophorus
Gr. Crypt, t. 173;
In
Scotswood and
Heaton Denes, and near
Fenham, N.
120. A. dryophyllus
With. iv. 351;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 379;
Sowerby, 1. 127;
Persoon, Syn. 452;
Bull. t. 6;
A. repandus
Bolton, t. 6;
In
Bradley and
Longacre Woods, D. In meadows, pastures, and the borders of woods near
Benwell,
Fenham, and
Kenton, N.
121. A. flavus
With. iv. 352;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 91;
A. laceratus
Bolton, t. 68;
In
Butsfield Dene,
four miles east of Wolsingham, D. In woods at
Felton, and
below Stannington Bridge, N.
122. A. velutipes
With. iv. 354;
Berwick Flora, ii. 177;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 378;
Curt. Lond. 4, t. 40;
Sowerby, t. and 384, f. 3;
Persoon, Syn. 314;
A. nigripes
Bull. t. 344.
In woods and on the borders of fields, frequent.
123. A. atramentarius
Gr. Fl. Eds. 394;
A. fimetarius
Sowerby, t. 188;
A. ovatus
With. iv. 355;
Curt. Lond. t. 101;
Berwick Flora, ii. 183;
A. plicatus
Persoon, Syn. 396;
About villages, and on dung hills, frequent.
124. A. disseminatus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 393;
Persoon, Syn. 403;
A. striatus
Sowerby, t. 166;
A. digitaliformis
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 92;
Bull. 525, f. 1.
On decayed trunks of trees, common.
125. A. ephemerus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 395;
Persoon, Syn. 406;
Bull. 542, f. l, d;
A. stercorarius
Sowerby, t. 262;
With, iv. 334;
Berwick Flora, ii. 183;
On dung, frequent.
126. A. radiatus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 395;
Persoon, Syn. 407;
Bolt. 39, C;
A. ephemerus
Bull. 542, in part;
A. momentarius
With. iv. 356;
In meadows and pastures on dung.
127. A. cinercus
With. iv. 357;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 394;
Persoon, Syn. 398;
A. pultatus
Bolton, t. 20;
A. fimetarius
Hudson, 617;
In gardens, meadows, and pastures, common.
128. A. campanulatus
With. iv. 357;
Lightfoot, 1022;
Robson, Syn. 322;
A. striatus
Bull. t. 552, f. 2.
Near
Medomsley and
Gibside, D.
129. A. semiovatus
With. iv. 359;
Gr. Fl. Scot. 392;
Sowerby, t. 131;
Persoon, Syn. 408;
Berwick Flora, ii. 179;
On dung in pastures, frequent.
130. A. plicatilis
With. iv. 359;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 395;
Sowerby, t. 364;
Berwick Flora, ii. 184;
Curt. Lond. t. 200;
A. pulcher
Persoon, Syn. 404;
In gardens on dung.
131. A. exaratus
With. iv. 360;
A. brunneus
Schaeff. t. 32;
A. campanulatus
Bolton, t. 31;
A. plicatus
Bull. t. 80.
Near
Medomsley and
Farnacres, D. Near
Fenham.
Benwell, and
Denton, N.
132. A. chalybeus
Persoon, Syn. 343;
A. columbarius
Sowerby, t. 161;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 92;
Near
Medomsley and
Chester-le-Street, D. Near
Stannington Bridge and
Blagdon, N.
133. A. variabilis
Gr. Crypt, t. 235;
Persoon, Syn. 483;
A. sessilis
Bull. t. 152 and 581, f. 3;
With. iv. 362;
A. niveus
Sowerby, t. 97;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. 1, p. 17;
A. flabelliformis
Bolton, t. 72, f. 2;
On rotten sticks in woods, not rare. In
Scotswood,
Walbottle,
Horsley,
Heaton, and
East Common Woods, N. Near
Gateshead Park,
Ravensworth and
Bolt's Hope, also in
Beamish and
Cawsey Woods, D.
134. A. ulmarius
Gr. Fl. Eds, 395;
Sowerby, t. 67;
Persoon, Syn. 473;
On the trunks of trees in
Horsley Wood, and in
Dilston Park, N. At
Urpeth,
Beamish, and
Tanfield, D.
135. A. ostrcatus
With. iv. 362;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 396;
Persoon, Syn. 477;
Sowerby, t. 421;
In
Longacre Wood near
Lamesley, on Chowdon Fell, and in
Gibside and
Lumley Woods, D. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, also at
Blagdon and
Felton, N.
136. A. planus
With. iv. 465;
Bolton, t. 72;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 92;
Sowerby, t. 362;
On the ground in
Gibside,
Ravensworth, and
Lumley Woods, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson. In
Walbottle Dene and
Horsley Woods, N. In
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. — Mr. F. Scott.
137. A. conchatus
Bull. t. 298 and 517, o;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 92;
A. inconstans
Persoon, Syn. 476;
On trees near
Medomsley and
Lanchester, D. At
Blagdon and
Stannington Bridge, N.
138. A. flabelliformis
With. iv. 365;
Sowerby, t 109;
Schaeff. t. 208;
Berwick Flora, ii. 184;
A. stypticus
Bull. t. 140;
Persoon, Syn. 481;
On trees near
Medomsley and
Wolsingham, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson. In
East Common Wood near Hexham, and
Horsley Wood, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
139. A. lateralis
Bolton, t. 71, f. 2;
A. flabelliformis
With, iv. 366 var. 2;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 92, var. 2;
Near
Gibside and
Medomsley, D. In
Walbottle Dene, and
Felton,
Blagdon, and
Horsley Woods, N.
140. A. mollis
With. iv. 366;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 396;
Persoon, Syn. 480;
Berwick Flora, ii. 184;
Sowerby, t. 98;
A. commentarius
Schaeff. t. 213.
On stumps of trees in
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, also near
Medomsley, D. In
Walbottle Dene and near
Denton, N. In a wine cellar in
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
141. A. ficoides
With. iv. 366;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 92;
A. betulinus
Bolton, t. 72, f. 1;
In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N. In
Bradley Wood, D.
142. A. reniformis
With. iv. 367;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 93;
A. flabelliformis
Bolton, t. 157;
On birch trees in
Gibside Woods, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson. In
Horsley Wood and
Dilston Park, N.
143. A. applicatus
With. iv. 368;
Batsch. t. 24, f. 125;
Sowerby, t. 301;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 93;
A. epixylon
Bull. 581, f. 2.
In
Longacre Wood near Lamesley, D. In
Scotswood and
Walbottle Denes, also in
East Common Wood near Hexham, N.
144. A. Rotula
Gr. Fl. Eds. 381;
Sowerby, t. 95;
Persoon, Syn. 467;
Merulius collariatus
With. iv. 195;
On dried sticks and dead leaves in woods, frequent.
145. A. umbelliferus
Bolton, t. 39, f. A;
Lightfoot, 1026;
Merulius umbelliferus
With. iv. 193;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 80;
Among rotten leaves in
Benwell and
Walbottle Denes, N. In
Long-acre and
Gibside Woods, D.
146. A. androsaccus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 381;
Berwick Flora, ii. 173;
Sowerby, t. 94;
Lightfoot, 1027;
Merulius androsaccus
With. iv. 194;
Agaricus epiphyllus
Bull. t. 569, 2.
On decayed leaves and Fir cones in
Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, N. In
Long-acre and
Lumley Woods, also near
Ryton, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
147. A. epiphyllus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 381;
Persoon, Syn. 468;
Merulius squamula
With. iv. 198;
Agaricus squamula
Sowerby, t. 93;
Batsch. t. 17, f. 84;
A. lacteas
Bull. t. 601, f. 2.
On the dead leaves of the Ivy, not uncommon.
148. A. foetidus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 382;
Merulius foetidus
With. iv. 198;
Sowerby, t. 21.
On the dead branches of trees in
Gibside and
Bradley Woods, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson. In
Heaton,
Scotswood,
Benwell, and
Walbottle Denes, N.
149. A. cornucopioides
Bolton, t. 8;
Purton, t. 12;
A. cochleatus
Persoon, Syn. 450;
β,
Merulius cornucopioides
With, iv. 198;
In
Bradley and
Gibside Woods, D. In
Horsley and
East Common Woods, N.
150. A. fuscus
A. ericetorum
Merulius fuscus
With. iv. 196;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 80;
In
Ravensworth Woods near
Farnacres, D.
102. SCHIZOPHYLLUM
1. S. commune
Gr. Crypt. t. 61;
Agaricus alneus
With. iv. 370;
Sowerby, t. 183;
Schaeff. t. 246;
Bull. t. 346 and 581, f. 1;
Lightfoot, 1029;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 134;
On trees in
Horsley and
East Common Woods, N. Near
Hilton,
Gibside, and
Bradley, D.
103. CANTHARELLUS
1. C. cibarius
Gr. Crypt, t. 258;
Berwick Flora, ii. 186;
Merulius Cantharellus
Purton, t. 10;
Persoon, Syn. 488;
With. iv. 196;
Agaricus Cantharellus
Bull. t. 62 and 505, f. 1;
Sowerby, t. 46;
A. Cantharellus
Schaeff. t. 82;
Bolton, t. 62;
On decayed sticks in woods and plantations, N. and D.
2. C. Inteus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 397;
Merulius lutescens
Persoon, Syn. 489;
Agaricus cantharelloides
Sowerby, t. 47.
In
Bradley Wood near
Medomsley, also in the neighbourhood of
Darlington, D. In
Horsley and
Felton Woods, N.
3. C. cornucopioides
Merulcus purpureus
With. iv. 199;
M. cornucopioides
Persoon, Syn. 491;
Peziza cornucopioides
Sowerby, t. 74.
On the banks of the Derwent near Winlaton Mill, and in
Bradley Wood, D. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. In
Dilston Park, N.
4. C. cinereus
Merulius infundibuliformis
With. iv. 199;
Agaricus infundibuliformis
Bolton, t. 34;
In
Bradley Wood, D. In
Horsley Wood,
Dilston Park, and near
Stannington Bridge.
5. C. muscigenus
Merulius muscigenus
With. iv. 199;
Agaricus muscigenus
Bull. t. 288.
Near
Ravensworth and
Gibside, growing on moss, D. Near
Blagdon, N.
6. C. lobalus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 397;
Berwick Flora, ii. 186;
Merulius membranaceus
With. iv. 200;
Helvetia membranacea
Sowerby, t. 348;
Bolton, t. 177;
H. retiruga
Bull. t. 498, f. 1;
Merulius retirugus
M. lobatus
Persoon, Syn. 494;
In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N. Upon moss on
Ravensworth Fell, and on boggy ground near the Wear in the neighbourhood of
Chester-le-Street, D. From the county of Durham. — Bolton. On Tortula ruratis
near Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson. Upon the same moss on
Spittal Links, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
104. MERULIUS
1. M. lacrymans
Gr. Fl. Eds. 397;
M. destruens
Persoon, Syn. 496;
Boletus lacrymans
With. iv. 393;
Sowerby, t. 113;
B. arboreus
On rotten wood generally in vaults and cellars.
t. 346.
2. M. lamellosus
105. FISTULINA
1. F. hepatica
Gr. Crypt, t. 270;
With. iv. 371;
F. buglossoides
Bull. t. 74, 464, 497;
Boletus hepaticus
Sowerby, t. 58;
Bolton, t. 79;
Schaeff. t. 116 and 120;
Persoon, Syn. 549;
On trees near
Gibside,
Beamish, and
Cawsey, D. At
Fenham,
Longhorsley, and
Blagdon, N.
106. DAEDALEA
1. D. quercina
Gr. Crypt, t. 238;
Persoon, Syn. 500;
Agaricus quercinus
With. iv. 370;
Sowerby, t. 181;
Bolton, t. 73;
Batsch. Fasc. i. 95.
In
Long-acre,
Ravensworth,
Gibside, and
Cawsey Woods, D. In
Horsley Wood and
Walbottle Dene, also at
Blagdon and
Felton, N. Near
Darlington, D Mr. E. Robson.
2. D. betulina
Agaricus betulinus
With. iv. 368;
Sowerby, t. 182;
Bolton, t. 72, f. 1;
In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
3. D. salicina
Polyporus salicinus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 400;
Boletus salicinus
Sowerby, t. 227;
Persoon, Syn. 530;
With. iv. 391;
Bull. t. 433, f. 1.
On old willows near
Gateshead and
Saltwellside, D. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse. Near
Fenham and
Earsdon, also at
Stannington Bridge, N.
4. D. suaveolens
Boletus suaveolens
With. iv. 392;
Sowerby, t. 288;
Bull. t. 310;
B. suberosus
Bolton, t. 162;
On willows near the Derwent at Swalwell, also near Little Eppleton and
Castle Eden, D. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. Near
Stannington Bridge and Bedlington, N.
5. D. confragosa
Persoon, Syn. 501;
Boletus confragosus
Bolton, t. 160;
Boletus labyrinthiformis
With. iv. 395;
Bull. t. 491, f. 1.
In
Blagdon,
East Common, and
Horsley Woods, N. In
Waskerley Dene, D. On willows Near
Darlington, D. — Bolton.
6. D. albida
Purton. iii. 243, t. 38;
Boletus albidus
With. iv. 386;
B. rugosus
Sowerby, t. 422 ? ;
On the ground near
Benwell Lodge, and in
Fenham grounds, N. Near
Cawsey and
Beamish, N.
7. D. angustata
Persoon, Syn. 502;
Boletus angustatus
Sowerby, t. 193;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 97;
In
Castle Eden and
Ryhope Denes, D. Near
Darlington, D — Sent to Sowerby by Mr. E. Robson. In
Blagdon,
Felton, and
Belford Woods, N.
107. POLYPORUS
1. P. squamosus
Gr. Crypt, t. 107;
Berwick Flora, ii. 158;
Boletus squamosus
With. iv. 388;
Bolton, t. 77;
Sowerby, t. 206;
B. platyporus
Persoon, Syn. 521;
B. rangeferinus
Bolton, t. 138;
B. polymorphus
Bull. t. 114;
B. subsquamosus
Batsch, t. 10, f. 41.
On stumps of Ash trees near
Gateshead, at
Crow Hall near Heworth, and
Saltwellside, D. In
Heaton Dene, also at
Gosforth, and near
Fenham, N. In
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. — Mr. F. Scott.
2. P. varius
Gr. Fl. Eds. 399;
Berwick Flora, ii. 157;
Boletus varius
Persoon, Syn. 523;
P. badius
Persoon, Syn. 523;
B. variegatus
Sowerby, t. 368;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 97;
B. lateralis
Hook. Fl. Scot. 27;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 95;
Bolton, t. 83;
With. iv. 390;
B. nigripes
With. iv. 381;
B. nummularis
With. iv. 380;
Sowerby, t. 89;
B. calceolus
With. iv. 389;
Bolton, 168;
Bull, t. 360 and 445, f. 2.
On the trunks of trees in
Howns Wood near
Medomsley, and in
Cawsey and
Gibside Woods, D. At
Blagdon,
Hartford Bridge,
Horsley Wood, and in
Dilston Park, N.
3. P. perennis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 389;
Boletus perennis
With. iv. 378;
Sowerby, t. 192;
Persoon, Syn. 518;
Bolton, t. 87;
B. fimbriatus
Bull. t. 254.
About the roots of trees in
Cawsey and
Howns Woods, and Near
Darlington, D. In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, also near
Fenham,
Denton, and
Kenton, N.
4. P. lucidus
Gr. Crypt, t. 245;
Boletus lucidus
Persoon, Syn. 522;
Sowerby, t. 134;
B. rugosus
With. iv. 386;
B. obliquatus
Bull. 335, t. 7 and 459.
On the stumps of trees in
Scotswood and
Walbottle Denes, also near
Blagdon and
Bedlington, N. In
Castle Eden Dene, and near
Hetton and
Lumley, D.
5. P. betulinus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 400;
Crypt. t. 229;
Boletus betulinus
Sowerby, t. 212;
Persoon, Syn. 535;
With. iv. 387;
Bolton, t. 159;
In Schackerton Wood Near
Darlington, D.—
Bolton. In
Wallington Woods, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In
Horsley Wood and
Walbottle Dene, N. In
Cawsey,
Gibside, and
Ravensworth woods, D.
6. P. hispidus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 400;
Crypt, t. 14;
Persoon, Syn. 526;
Boletus hispidus
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 120;
With. iv. 397;
Bolton, t. 161;
B. velutinus
Sowerby, t. 345.
Near
Castle Eden and Hart, on the trunks of Beech trees, D. Near
Darlington, on Oaks and Elms — Mr. E. Robson. At
Fenham,
Blagdon, and
Stannington Bridge, N.
7. P. fomentarius
Gr. Fl. Eds. 400;
Berwick Flora, ii. 159;
Boletus fomentarius
Sowerby, t. 1 33;
Persoon, Syn. 536;
With. iv. 401;
On Birch trees in the woods near Corbridge and Hexham, N. Near Auckland and Durham.
8. P. igniarius
Gr. Fl. Eds. 401;
Berwick Flora, ii. 158;
Boletus igniarius
Sowerby, t. 132;
With. iv. 400;
Persoon, Syn. 534;
Bolton, t. 80;
On old trees, particularly the Cherry. β near
Medomsley, D. At Newburn and
Denton, N.
9. P. caesius
Gr. Fl. Eds. 401;
Boletus caesius
Sowerby, t. 226;
Persoon, Syn. 526;
On Fir trees in a state of decay, N. and D.
10. P. velutinus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 401;
Boletus velutinus
With. iv. 399;
Persoon, Syn. 539;
B. lutescens
539;
B. spongiosus
With. iv. 393;
On the trunks of trees, not rare. Near
Seaton Delaval, N. Near
Gateshead and
Saltwellside, D, near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson.
11. P. versicolor
Gr. Fl. Eds. 402;
Berwick Flora, ii. 160;
Boletus versicolor
With. iv. 394;
Bolton, t. 81;
Sowerby, t. 229;
Persoon, Syn. 551;
On the stumps of trees, rails, &c, common.
12. P. abietinus
Gr. Crypt, t. 226;
Fl. Eds. 402;
Hook. Lond. t. 180;
Berwick Flora, ii. 160;
Boletus abietinus
With. iv. 396;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. iii. t. 9, f. 9;
Purton. t. 13;
Sistotrema violaceum
Persoon, Syn. 551;
On decayed Fir trees at
Gibside, Fryerside,
Cawsey, and Snow's Green near Shotley Bridge, D. Near Corbridge, Hexham, and Wylam, N. In woods Near
Berwick, not rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
13. P. ferruginosus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 402;
Boletus ferruginosus
Persoon, Syn. 544;
Gr. Crypt, t. 155;
Hook. Lond. t. 163.
On rotten logs of wood in damp places.
14. P. medulla-panis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 402;
Berwick Flora, ii. 159;
Boletus medulla-panis
Persoon, Syn. 544;
Bolton, t. 167 (the lower figure);
With. iv. 391;
Sowerby, t. 326.
On trees in a state of decay in
Heaton Wood and at
Paradise, also in
East Common Wood, N. In
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, also Near
Darlington, D. Near
Berwick, N. — Dr. G.Johnston.
15. P. vulgaris
Gr. Fl. Eds. 403;
Berwick Flora, ii. 160;
Boletus proteus
Bolton, t. 166;
B. medulla-panis
With. iv. 391 var. 2;
On decayed wood near the ground, common.
16. P. ovinus
Boletus substrictus
With. iv. 385;
Bolton, t. 170;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 95;
Near
Darlington, D Mr. E. Robson.
17. P. cuticularis
Boletus cuticularis
With. iv. 394;
Bull. t. 462;
B. alneus
Persoon, Syn. 528;
B. triqueter
Persoon, Syn. 528;
On the stumps of Alder trees, but not frequent.
18. P. cryptarum
Boletus cryptarum
Persoon, Syn. 542;
With. iv. 395;
Bull. t. 478;
Bolton, t. 165;
Near
Castle Eden and
Easington, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson. Near Bywell and Hexham, N.
19. P. frondosus
Boletus frondosus
With. iv. 387;
Sowerby, t. 87;
Bolton, t. 76;
On stumps of trees near
Cawsey and
Knitsley, D. Near
Kenton,
Gosforth, and
Blagdon, N.
20. P. impuber
Boletus impuber
Sowerby, t. 695;
Bolton, t. 195;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 97;
On decayed trees in woods on the Derwent, N. In
East Common Wood near Hexham,
Dilston Park, and
Horsley Wood, on the Tyne, N.
21. P. ulmarius
Boletus ulmarius
Sowerby, t. 31;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 97;
In the hollow trunks of old Elms in
Cawsey Wood, and at
Saltwellside, D. At
Fenham and
Denton, also near
Bedlington and
Blagdon, N.
22. P. heteroclitus
Boletus heteroclitus
Sowerby, t. 367;
Bolton, t. 164;
Persoon, Syn. 528;
On the ground at the roots of trees at
Castle Eden,
Hetton and
Painsher, D. Near
DarlingtonMr. E. Robson. Near
Kenton, and in the upper part of
Heaton Dene, N.
23. P. sulphureus
Gr. Crypt, t. 113;
Boletus sulphureus
Bull. t. 429;
Sowerby, t. 135;
With. iv. 397;
B. tenax
Bolton, t. 75;
Lightfoot, 1031;
B. citrinus
Persoon, Syn. 524;
B. ramosus
Bull. t. 418.
On trunks of trees in
Horsley Hope Dene, D. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. At
Fenham,
Benwell, and
Heaton, N.
108. BOLETUS
1. B. luteus
Gr. Crypt, t. 183;
Sowerby, t. 265;
Berwick Flora, ii. 156;
Schaeff: t. 114;
With. iv. 382;
B. annularius
Bolton, t. 169;
Bull. t. 332;
B. flavus
With. iv. 384;
In plantations and pastures near
Butsfield,
Greencroft,
Medomsley, and in
Bradley Wood, D. — Near
Corbridge and
Warden, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. B. bovinus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 403;
B. gregarius
With. iv. 382;
In Fir plantations at
Medomsley, the Woodlands and
Greencroft, D. In similar situations on the edge of the Northumberland moors.
3. B. piperatus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 404;
Sowerby, 34;
Persoon, Syn. 507;
Bull. t. 451;
With. iv. 380;
In woods, thickets, and denes, not rare.
4. B. subtomentosus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 404;
With. iv. 379;
Persoon, Syn. 506;
Berwick Flora, ii. 156;
B. communis
Bull. 490, f. 3;
Schaeff. t. 112 and 133.
In woods and plantations, not rare.
5. B. luridus
Gr. Crypt, t. 121;
Schaeff. t. 107;
Persoon, Syn. 512;
B. rubeolarius
Bull. t. 100 and 490, f. 1;
Persoon, Syn. 512;
Sowerby, t. 250;
With. iv. 379;
B. bovinus
Bolton, t. 85;
Near
Sherburn,
Greencroft,
Castle Eden, and at Baydales near
Darlington, D. In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N.
6. B. constrictus
Persoon, Syn. 508;
B. cyanescens
Bull. t. 369;
With. iv. 374;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 93;
On the edge of the wood near Hamsterley, and in
Gibside Woods, D. Near
Stannington Bridge and
Gosforth, N.
7. B. edulis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 404;
Persoon, Syn. 510;
Sowerby, t. 111;
With. iv. 381;
B. elephantinus
With. iv. 381;
In
Gibside,
Ravensworth,
Longacre, and
Bradley Woods, D. In
Scotswood and
Heaton Denes, N.
8. B. subfuscus
With. iv. 373;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 93;
In Seggerston Wood and
Waskerley Dene, D. Probably a variety of B. edulis.
9. B. scaber
Gr. Fl. Eds. 405;
Persoon, Syn. 505;
Berwick Flora, ii. 156;
Sowerby, t. 175;
B. aurantiacus
Sowerby, t. 110;
With. iv. 375;
Bull. t. 236 and 489, f. 2, R. S.
In
Gibside,
Ravensworth, Hamsterley, and
Medomsley Woods, also near
Sherburn and
Darlington, D. In
Scotswood,
Denton, and
Walbottle Denes, N.
10. B. castaneus
Persoon, Syn. 509;
Bull. t. 328;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 94;
In Fir plantations at
Butsfield,
Lanchester, and
Gibside, D. In
Dilston Park, and near Corbridge, N.
109. SISTOTREMA
1. S. confluens
Gr. Crypt, t. 248;
Fl. Eds. 405;
Persoon, Syn. 551;
Hydnum sublamellosum
Bull. t. 453, f. 1;
Sowerby, t. 112.
In Fir plantations at
Butsfield, D. In
Dilston Park N.
2. S. cinercum
Persoon, Syn. 551;
Boletus unicolor
Bull. t. 501, f. 3;
Bolton, t. 163;
With, iv. 396;
Sowerby, t. 325.
In
East Common Wood,
Scotswood and
Heaton Denes, also near Bywell, N. In Howns,
Longacre,
Bradley, and
Gibside Woods, D. At Baydales Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
3. S. cerasi
Persoon, Syn. 552;
On the branches of the Plum and Cherry, N. and D.
4. S. spatulatum
110. HYDNUM
1. H. repandum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 405;
Crypt, t. 44;
Sowerby, t. 176;
Berwick Flora, ii. 162;
Bolton, t. 89;
With. iv. 403;
Persoon, Syn. 555;
Bull. t. 172;
H. rufescens
Schaeff. t. 141.
In
East Common Wood, and woods near Corbridge, N. In
Bradley and
Cawsey Woods, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson.
2. H. Auriscalpium
Gr. Fl. Eds. 406;
Crypt, t. 196;
Berwick Flora, ii. 162;
Schaeff. t. 143;
Bull. t. 481;
With. iv. 401;
Persoon, Syn. 557;
Lightfoot, 1042;
On the cones of Pinus sylvestris
in
Raby Park, also near
Darlington, D. At
Benwell and
Blagdon, N. In
East Common Wood near Hexham. — Mr. F. Scott, Sp. In woods at
Wallington.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In the vicinity of
Berwick, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. H. Erinaceus
Bull. t. 34;
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. ii. 24;
With. iv. 404;
Persoon, Syn. 560;
In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N.
4. H. ? Barba Jovis
With. iv. 405;
Sowerby, t. 328;
Bull. 481, f. 2;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 98;
On the under side of decayed wood. Near
Castle Eden and
Hetton, D. At
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. In
Felton Woods, and near
Longhorsley, N.
111. THELEPHORA
1. T. laciniata
Gr. Crypt, t. 264;
Persoon, Syn. 567;
Auricularia caryophyllaea
Sowerby, t. 213;
Helvella caryophyllacea
Bolton, 173;
Merulius caryophyllaceus
With. iv. 200;
T. caryophyllaea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 406;
On stumps of trees in
Howns,
Bradley, and
Gibside Woods, D. Near
Benwell,
Fenham, and
Denton, N. On Hexham Fell, N.— Mr. F. Scott.
2. T. terrestris
Gr. Fl. Eds. 400;
Persoon, Syn. 506;
In Fir plantations, but not frequent. In
Twizell Dene, N. — Mrs. Selby, Sps. from Dr. G. Johnston.
112. AURICULARIA
1. A. ferruginea
With. iv. 410;
Berwick Flora, ii. 161;
Bull. t. 378;
Sowerby, t. 26;
Bolton, t. 82, d;
Thelephora rubiginosa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 408;
Persoon, Syn. 567;
On decayed wood, not rare. In
East Common Wood and
Dilston Park, N.
2. A. nicotiana
With. iv. 410;
Bolton, t. 174;
A. tabacina
Sowerby, t. 25;
Thelephora ferruginea
Persoon, Syn. 569;
On wood in a state of decay, not rare, N. and D. Near
Darlington Robson.
3. A. corylea
Berwick Flora, ii. 161;
Thelephora corylea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 408;
On dead Hazel trees, sent to Dr. G. Johnston, from the neighbourhood of Wooler, N., by J. Mitchell, Esq.
4. A. papyrina
With. iv. 410;
Sowerby, t. 349;
Bull. t. 402;
Thelephora laevis
Persoon, Syn. 575;
On pales near Staindrop, also near
Medomsley, D. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
5. A. corticalis
With. iv. 410;
Berwick Flora, ii. 161;
Bull. t. 436, f. 1;
Thelophora quercina
Gr. Crypt. 1. 142;
Persoon, Syn, 573;
On dead branches of the Oak, not rare, N and D. In Wellington Woods, N.
6. A. cinerea
Sowerby, t. 388, f. 3;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 99;
On the dead branches of trees.
Probably a variety of A. corticalis.
7. A. refexa
With. iv. 412;
Gr. Crypt. t. 256;
Berwick Flora, ii. 161;
Bull. t. 274;
Sowerby, t. 27;
Boletus auriformis
Bolton, t. 82, f. C;
Thelephora hirsuta
Persoon, Syn. 570;
On the dead branches of trees, posts, and paling, abundant.
8. A. fraxinea
Thelephora fraxinea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 410;
T. cinerea
Persoon, Syn. 580;
On dead branches of the Ash, frequent.
9. A. tremelloides
With. iv. 412;
Bull. t. 290;
A. corrugata
Sowerby, t. 290;
Helvella mescuterica
Bolton, 1. 172;
Thelephora mesenterica
Persoon, Syn. 571;
T. purpurea
Persoon, Syn. 571;
On rotten wood, not rare, N. and D. On the Bedey Hills, abundant. and in
East Common Wood, N.
10. A. elegans
11. A. laevis
Sowerby, t. 388, f. 2;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 99;
Thelephora hepatica
Fr. iv. 11, p. 19.
In
East Common Wood and
Walbottle D.
12. A. intybacca
13. A. persistens
Sowerby, t. 388, f. 1;
Thelephora purpurea
Persoon, Syn. 571;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 407;
On stumps of trees, gate posts, &c.
14. A. corylea
Thelephora corylea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 408;
T. rugosa
Persoon, Syn. 569;
On dead Hazel sticks in woods, frequent. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
15. A. ochracea
Thelephora ochracea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 408;
On decayed trees, not rare.
16. A. Corium
Thelephora Corium
Gr. Crypt. t. 147;
Persoon, Syn. 574;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 409;
On dead branches in
Walbottle Dene, N.
17. A. quercina
Thelephora quercina
Gr. Fl. Eds. 409;
Persoon, Syn. 573;
On dead branches of the Oak, not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
18. A. Padi
Thelephora Padi
Gr. Crypt, t. 234;
On dead branches of the Bird Cherry, Oak, and Hazel, N. and D.
19. A. sanguinolenta
Thelephora sanguinolenta
Gr. Fl. Eds. 409;
Crypt, t. 225;
On the trunks of Fir trees, not uncommon. At
Benwell and
Fenham, N. At
Lanchester and the Woodlands, D.
20. A. sinuans
Thelephora sinnans
Gr. Fl. Eds. 409;
On the branches of old Oak trees, N. and D.
21. A. Tiliae
Thelephora Tiliae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 410;
On dead branches of the Lime, not rare.
22. A. epidermea
Thelephora epidermea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 410;
On dead branches of trees, N. and D.
23. A. incrustans
Thelephora incrustans
Gr. Fl. Eds. 410;
Persoon, Syn. 577;
T. sebacea
Persoon, Syn. 577;
On the mossy trunks of trees, not rare.
24. A. calcea
25. A. Sambuci
Thelephora Sambuci
Gr. Fl. Eds. 411;
Crypt, t. 242;
On dead trunks of the Elder near Team and Field House, D. Near
Benwell and
Denton, N.
113. MARISMA
1. M. cristatum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 411;
Persoon, Syn. 583;
Clavaria laciniata
Sowerby, t. 158;
With. iv. 436;
In Walbottle and
Denton Denes, N. In
Cawsey,
Longacre,
Ravensworth, and
Bradley Woods, D.
2. M. foetidum
Gr. Crypt. t. 46;
Clavaria anthrocephala
With. iv. 437;
Bull. t. 452, f. 1;
Sowerby, t. 156.
On decayed leaves and sticks in
Ravensworth woods, D. In
East Common Wood and
Scotswood dene, N.
114. CLAVARIA
1. C. cristata
Gr. Crypt. t. 190;
Persoon, Syn. 591;
C. albida
Schaeff. t. 170.
In
Ravensworth and
Longacre Woods, D. In
Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, N.
2. C. pratensis
Gr. Fl. Scot. 412;
Persoon, Syn. 590;
Berwick Flora, ii. 154;
C. fastigiata
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 29;
Bull. t. 538;
With. iv. 438;
In meadows and pastures, and on the borders of woods.
3. C. corniculata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 412;
Persoon, Syn. 589;
Schaeff. t. 173;
C. muscoides
Sowerby, t. 157;
Bolton, t. 114;
Bull. t. 351, f. A. B;
With. iv. 339;
In
Gibside,
Bradley, and
Longacre Woods, D. In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N.
4. C. abictina
Gr. Fl. Eds. 412;
Persoon, Syn. 589;
Gr. Crypt. t. 117;
In the Fir plantations at
Butsfield, D. In
Blagdon Woods, N.
5. C. coralloides
Gr. Fl. Eds. iv. 412;
Sowerby, t. 278, upper figure;
Berwick Flora, ii. 154;
Bull. t. 222 and 496, f. 3;
Bolton, t. 113, a. b. d;
At Farnacres near
Ravensworth, and in
Bradley Wood, D. Near
Benwell and
Denton, N.
6. C. rugosa
Gr. Crypt, t. 328;
Bull. t. 448, f. 2;
Persoon, Syn. 594;
Berwick Flora, ii. 154;
C. coralloides
Sowerby, t. 278, the lower figure;
C. elegans
Bolton, t. 115;
With. iv. 436.
Near
Beamish,
Medomsley, and in
Bradley Woods, D. In
Heaton,
Scotswood, and
Walbottle Denes, N.
7. C. cristata
Gr. Crypt, t. 190;
Fl. Eds. 413;
Persoon, Syn. 591;
Berwick Flora, ii. 154;
C. albida
Schaeff. t. 170.
In
Ravensworth, and
Longacre Woods, D. In
Heaton,
Denton, and
Scotswood Denes, N.
8. C. cinerea
Gr. Crypt, t. 64;
Fl. Eds. 413;
Bull. t. 354;
Persoon, Syn. 586;
C. grisca
Persoon, Syn. 586;
C. coralloides
With. iv. 438, var. 6;
In woods and on the borders of fields, but not very common, N. and D.
9. C. cornea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 413;
Persoon, Syn. 596;
Sowerby, t. 40;
Batsch. t. 28 f. 161;
C. aculeiformis
Bull. t. 463, f. 4.
On decaying Fir trees, common.
10. C. herculanca
With. iv. 432;
Sowerby, t. 277;
C. pistillaris
Bull. t. 244;
Schaeff. t. 169;
Batsch. t. 11 f. 46;
In
Bradley Wood, and on the shady hank of a hedge near Gateshead, D. In
Fenham Woods, and near
Benwell Hall, N.
11. C. inaequalis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 414;
C. vermiculata
Sowerby, t. 253;
Berwick Flora, ii. 153;
In meadows and pastures, frequent.
12. C. helvola
Gr. Fl. Eds. 414;
Persoon, Syn. 598;
In meadows and pastures.
13. C. vermicularis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 414;
C. vermiculata
Berwick Flora, ii. 153 β;
Persoon, Mycol. i. 184 ;
In meadows and pastures.
14. C. fragilis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 414;
Crypt, t. 37;
C. eburnea
Persoon, Syn. 603;
C. gracilis
Sowerby, t, 232;
C. cylindrica
Bull. t. 463, f. 1.
On the borders of woods, and in meadows and pastures.
15. C. pistillaris
With. iv. 434;
C. fistulosa
Bull. t. 463, I, A. L. M.
In meadows and pastures, not rare. At Stoney-flat near Gateshead, and at Cocken, D. Near
Denton,
Benwell, and Heddon-on-the-Wall, N.
16. C. fuciformis
Persoon, Syn. 601;
Sowerby, t. 234;
In meadows and pastures, not rare. On the Wind mill Hills near Gateshead, D.
17. C. pencillata
Bull. t. 448, f. 3;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 105;
In
Bradley Wood, D. In
Blagdon Woods, N.
18. C. militaris
With. iv. 431;
Linn. Sp. Pl. 1652;
Hudson, 638 No. 2;
Sphaeria militaris
Sowerby, t. 60;
Bolton, t. 128;
Purton, t. 23;
Among moss in bogs, not rare, N. and D.
115. HELOTIUM
1. H. coccincum
Persoon, Syn. 11;
Sphaeria miniata
Bolton, t. 127, f. 1;
S. tremelloides
With, iv. 465;
Clavaria coccinea
Sowerby, t. 294.
On rotten sticks in woods, not rare. In
Heaton Wood, and
Scotswood, N.
116. TYPHULA
1. T. phacorhiza
Gr. Syn. 25, 1;
Phacorhiza filiformis
Gr. Crypt, t. 93;
Clavaria phacorphiza
Sowerby, t. 253;
Persoon, Syn. 607;
With. iv. 430;
Near
Hetton and
Castle Eden, on dead leaves, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson.
2. T. erythropus
Gr. Syn. 25, 2;
Berwick Flora, ii. 152;
Phacorhiza erythropus
Gr. Crypt. t. 43;
Clavaria erythropus
Sowerby, t. 606;
C. gyrans
With. iv. 430;
Bolton, t. 112;
On dead leaves and sticks at Farnacres near
Ravensworth and
Gibside D. In
Heaton Wood, and near
Fenham, N. On decayed straws in the Dene above
Twizell Bridge, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
117. GEOGLOSSUM
1. G. hirsutum
Gr. Crypt, t. 185;
Fl. Eds. 416;
Persoon, Syn. 608;
Clavaria ophioglossoides
With. iv. 435;
Sowerby, t. 83;
Berwick Flora, ii. 153;
Schaeff. t. 327.
Near
Medomsley and
Darlington, D. In
East Common,
Heaton, and
Scotswood, N.
2. G. viscosum
Gr. Crypt, t. 55;
Fl. Eds. 416;
Persoon, Syn. 609;
In moist meadows near
Ravensworth and
Gibside, D. Near
Fenham and
Denton, N.
3. G. viride
Gr. Crypt, t. 211;
Persoon, Syn. 610;
Near
Oakwood and
Horsley Wood, on the banks of Tyne, N.
118. LEOTIA
1. L. uliginosa
Gr. Crypt, t. 312;
Fl. Eds. 416;
L. Ludwigii
Persoon, Syn. 611 t. 3, f. 13;
L. Bulliardi
Syn. 612;
L. Dicksoni
Syn. 612;
L. laricina
Syn. 614;
Clavaria epiphylla
Dick. Crypt. t. 9, f. 10;
With. iv. 430;
Sowerby, t. 293.
Among dead leaves near
Medomsley, and in
Longacre Wood, also near
Lumley Castle, D. At
Fenham,
Denton,
Blagdon, and
Horsley Wood, N.
2. L. lubrica
Gr. Crypt. t. 56;
Persoon, Syn. 613;
Berwick Flora, ii. 154;
Helvella gelatinosa
Bull. t. 473, f. 2;
Sowerby, t. 70;
With. iv. 407;
Among dead leaves in
Walbottle Dene, N. In woods at
Hilton and
Lumley Castle, D. In the neighbourhood of
Berwick, N., rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. L. Mitrula
Gr. Crypt, t. 81;
Persoon, Syn. 611;
Clavaria ferruginea
Sowerby, t. 84.
In Fir plantations at
Butsfield, D. Near
Corbridge and
Hexham, N.
119. SPATULARIA
1. S. flavida
Gr. Crypt, t. 165;
Persoon, Syn. 610;
Helvella spatulata
Sowerby, t. 35;
H. feritoria
Bolton, t. 96;
Clavaria spatulata
With. iv. 431;
Elvella clavata
Schaeff. t. 149.
In woods near
Butsfield,
Lanchester, and
Medomsley, D. Near
DarlingtonMr. E. Robson. Near Wylam and Ovingham, N.
120. HELVELLA
1. H. Mitra
Gr. Crypt, t. 86;
Fl. Eds. 417;
Bull. t. 190 and 466;
Persoon, Syn. 615;
With. iv. 406;
Elvella nigricans
Schaeff. t. 154;
E. monacella
t. 162.
On the ground near
Kibblesworth, and in
Gibside, Cocken, and
Lumley Woods, D. Near
Stannington Bridge and Hartford, N.
2. H. leucophaea
Gr. Crypt, t. 143;
Fl. Eds. 417;
H. Mytra
Sowerby, t. 39;
Bull. t. 466;
fulva
1. c;
H. albida
Schaeff. t. 282.
In woods at
Ravensworth and
Beamish, D. Near
DarlingtonMr. E. Robson. In woods at
Fenham,
Blagdon, and
Wylam, N.
3. H. fuliginosa
With. iv. 409;
Sowerby, t. 154;
H. Mitra
Bolton, t, 95;
H. elastica
Bull. f. 242;
Elvella fuliginosa
Schaeff. t. 320.
In
Gibside and
Longacre Woods, D. In woods
by the Coquet at Felton, N.
4. H. plana
With. iv. 409;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 98;
H. planus
Hudson, 633;
In
Longacre Wood, and
Gibside Woods, D.
Probably not a good species.
121. MORCHELLA
1. M. esculenta
Gr. Crypt, t. 68;
Fl. Eds. 417;
Persoon, Syn. 618;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 213;
Berwick Flora, ii. 155;
Phallus esculentus
With. iv. 428;
Bull. t. 218;
Bolton, t. 91;
Helvetia esculenta
Sowerby, t. 51, the left hand fig.
Near
Ryton,
Prudhoe Castle,
Medomsley,
Gibside,
Chester-le-Street,
Cocken, and
Darlington, also in Weardale and Teesdale, D. Near
Wylam and
Corbridge, also in
East Common Wood N. Near
Mitford on the Wansbeck, and near
Twizell House. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. In the neighbourhood of
Berwick, N., rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. M. hybrida
Gr. Fl. Eds. 418;
Crypt, t. 89;
Persoon, Syn. 620;
Helvetia hybrida
Sowerby, t. 238;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 98;
Near
Darlington, D. Sent to Sowerby by Mr. E. Robson. In
Cocken and
Lumley Woods, D.
122. PHALLUS
1. P. foetidus
Gr. Crypt, t. 213 and 214;
Fl. Eds. 418;
Sowerby, t. 329;
Berwick Flora, ii. 155;
P. impudicus
Bull. t. 182;
Bolton, t. 92;
Schaeff. t. 196, 8;
With. iv. 428;
Persoon, Syn. 243;
Near
Hexham,
Wallington,
Wylam,
Heaton, and
Jesmond, N. In
Castle Eden Dene Near
Darlington,
Cocken,
Beamish,
Urpeth, and the woods
on the Derwent, D.
2. P. caninus
With. iv. 429;
Curt. Lond. t. 235;
Sowerby, t. 300;
Persoon, Syn. 245;
Schaeff. t. 330;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 103;
On an old stone fence in the
Spital Grounds near Hexham, N. — Mr. F. Scott, Sp. In plantations near
Corbridge, N.
123. PEZIZA
1. P. inquinans
Persoon, Syn. 631;
Bull. t. 460, f. 1;
Schaeff. t. 158;
P. polymorpha
Lightfoot, 1055;
P. nigra
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 102;
In
Ravensworth Wood near Farnacres, D. In
Walbottle,
Denton, and
Heaton Denes, N.
1. P. sarcoides
Persoon, Syn. 633;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 423;
P. turbinata
Persoon, Syn. 634;
On the trunk of an old Ash tree near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
3. P. campanulata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 423;
Berwick Flora, ii. 151;
On dead twigs in woods, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. P. cinerea
Persoon, Syn. 634;
With. iv. 425;
Sowerby, t. 64;
Batsch. Obs. 80, f. 107;
On stumps of trees, not rare, N. and D. In
Bradley Wood, D. In fields
west of Hexham, N.
5. P. albida
With. iv. 419;
Dicks. Crypt. Fasc. iii. t. 9, f. 11;
In
Dilston Park,
East Common Wood, and
Walbottle Dene, N.
6. P. aurea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 424;
Persoon, Syn. 635;
P. chrysocoma
Sowerby, t. 150;
With. iv. 421;
Bull. t. 376, f. 2.
On decayed wood in
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, D. In
Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, also near
Blagdon and
Stannington Bridge, N.
7. P. aurantia
Gr. Fl. Eds. 418;
Persoon, Syn. 637;
P. coccinea
Sowerby, t. 78;
Bull. t. 474;
With. iv. 417 var. 2;
Helvella coccinea
Bolton, t. 100;
On rotten sticks in woods near
Newcastle, N. and D.
8. P. leparina
Persoon, Syn. 637;
Schaeff. 156;
Batsch. 117;
In Fir plantations, N. and D.
9. P. onotica
10. P. vesiculosa
With. iv. 423;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 419;
Crypt, t. 107;
Sowerby, t. 4;
Persoon, Syn. 641;
Bull. t. 457;
P. turbinata
Persoon, Syn. 636;
Helvella vesiculosa
Bolton, t. 175;
In
Horsley and
East Common Woods, in
Dilston Park, in
Heaton Dene, and near
Fenham, N. In
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, and near Team, D.
11. P. umbrina
Gr. Fl. Eds. 419;
Persoon, Syn. 638;
P. cochleata
Sowerby, t. 5;
With. iv. 420;
Bolton, t. 99;
Bull. t. 154.
On the ground near Sheepcote,
Medomsley,
Urpeth, and
Chester-le-Street, D. Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. E. Robson. In
East Common Wood and
Dilston Park, N.
12. P. repanda
13. P. stipitata
Hudson, 636;
With. iv. 414;
Bull. t, 457;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 100;
P. micropus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 419;
Crypt. Fl. t. 76;
Persoon, Syn. 645;
Helvella hispida
Bolton, t. 97;
Schaeff. t. 167;
In
Longacre and Hilton Woods, D. In
Benwell and
Scotswood Denes, N.
14. P. minutula
With. iv. 415;
P. spadicea
Batsch. 39, 217.
In
Heaton Dene near the Busy Cottage, N.
15. P. cupularis
16. P. radicata
With. iv. 415;
Bull. t. 485, f. 2;
Near
Castle Eden and
Hetton, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson.
17. P. sulphurea
18. P. nidulus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 420;
Berwick Flora, ii. 149;
On the decayed stems of large herbaceous plants near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
19. P. Hydnoidea
Sowerby, t. 178;
Berwick Flora, ii. 150;
P. sulphurea
Persoon, Syn. 649?;
Near
Berwick, rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
20. P. scutellata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 423;
Sowerby, t. 24;
Persoon, Syn. 650;
Berwick Flora, ii. 148;
With. iv. 422;
Bolton, t. 108;
Bull. t. 10 and 438, 2;
Batsch. t. 54;
On rotten wood and old cow-dung, frequent.
21. P. granuliformis
Persoon, Syn. 651;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 421;
Berwick Flora, ii. 149;
P. sessilis
Sowerby, t. 389, f. 1;
P. villosa
Persoon, Syn. 655;
On the decayed stems of herbaceous plants, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
22. P. coccinea
Gr. Crypt. t. 171;
Fl. Eds. 421;
With. iv. 417;
Berwick Flora, ii. 152;
Bolton, t. 104;
Persoon, Syn. 652;
P. epidendra
Bull. t. 467;
Sowerby, t. 13;
P. cyathoides
Lightfoot, 1052 (in part);
On rotten sticks in woods near
Newcastle, not rare, N. and D. In
Twizell Dene, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
23. P. melastoma
Sowerby, t. 149;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 100;
On sticks in
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. — Mr. F. Scott, Sp.
24. P. calyciformis
With. iv. 413;
Batsch. 135;
In
Dilston Park and
East Common Wood, N.
25. P. virginea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 421;
Persoon, Syn. 653;
Berwick Flora, ii. 152;
P. nivea
Sowerby, 1. 65;
With, iv. 413;
P. lactca
Bull. t. 376, f. 3.
On rotten sticks in
Bradley Wood, D. In
Heaton and
Walbottle Denes, also in
Dilston Park and
East Common Wood, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
26. P. pulchella
Persoon, Syn. 653;
Berwick Flora, ii. 149;
P. bicolor
Bull. t. 410;
Sowerby, t. 17;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 100;
On rotten sticks in woods near
Newcastle, N. and D. On the Furze near
Berwick upon Tweed.— Dr. G. Johnston.
27. P. clandestina
Persoon, Syn. 653;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 83;
Berwick Flora, ii. 149;
Bull. t. 416, f. 5;
On dead branches of the Willow, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
28. P. fusca
Gr. Crypt t. 192;
Persoon, Syn. 657;
On the dead branches of trees in woods near
Newcastle.
29. P. inflexa
With. iv. 418;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 422;
Sowerby, t. 306;
Bolton, t. 106, f. 2;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 100;
P. coronilla
Persoon, Mycol. i. 287.
In
Gibside and
Bradley Woods, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson. In
Castle Eden and
Ryhope Denes, D.
30. P. ochroleuca
With. iv. 418;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 422;
Sowerby, t. 115;
Berwick Flora, ii. 151;
Bolton, t. 105, f. 1;
P. Firma
Persoon, Syn. 658;
On rotten sticks in
Longacre Wood, also near Healeyfield Lead Mine, D. In
Heaton Dene, N.
31. P. infundibulum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 423;
Persoon, Mycol. i. 279;
P. calyculus
With. iv. 418;
Sowerby, t. 116;
Persoon, Syn. 660;
Batsch. 57;
Bull. t. 416, f. 3.
In
Scotswood dene,
East Common Wood, and
Dilston Park, N.
32. P. fructigena
Gr. Fl. Eds. 422;
Sowerby, t. 117;
Bull. t. 228;
Batsch. 150;
With. iv. 419;
Persoon, Syn. 660;
In woods on Nuts, Acorns, and Beach-mast, N. and D.
33. P. serotina
Persoon, Syn. 661;
Helvetia cartilogina
With. iv. 407;
Bolton, t. 101, f. 1;
In
Oak Wood and
Scotswood dene, N.
34. P. cartilagina
Sowerby, t. 369, f. 2;
Berwick Flora, ii. 148;
P. scutellata
With. iv. 388 var. 2;
Among moss on clay banks near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
35. P. aeruginea
Gr. Crypt, t. 241;
Persoon, Syn. 663;
Berwick Flora, ii. 151;
Helvetia aeruginea
Sowerby, t. 347;
With. iv. 409;
Persoon, Syn. 617;
On half-rotten wood, not rare. In
Long-acre Wood, D. In
Heaton Dene and Wellington Woods, N. Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
This Peziza, as well as the decayed wood on which it grows, is of a verdigris green colour. To ascertain the nature of this colouring matter, Mr. W.C. Trevelyan is at present engaged in a series of chemical experiments, the result of which will appear
in the Society's Transactions.
36. P. citrina
Gr. Fl. Eds. 424;
Persoon, Syn. 663;
Berwick Flora, ii. 150;
P. aurea
Sowerby, t. 150;
Helvetia aurea
Bolton, t. 98, f. 2;
With. iv. 408;
On rotten sticks in woods, N. and D. In
Bradley Wood, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
37. P. pallescens
Persoon, Syn. 664;
Berwick Flora, ii. 151;
On dead twigs in woods, N. and D. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
38. P. faginea
Persoon, Syn. 664;
Berwick Flora, ii. 150;
On the fruit of the Beech near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
39. P. atra
Persoon, Syn. 669;
Berwick Flora, ii. 148;
On the stalks of large Herbaceous plants near
Newcastle, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
40. P. immersa
Sowerby, t. 369, f. 9;
Berwick Flora, ii. 148;
On rotten wood, gate posts, &c., N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
41. P. nigra
Berwick Flora, ii. 148;
Bulgaria inquinans
Bot. Gall. ii. 738.
On dead Ash trees near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
42. P. hispida
With. iv. 424;
Sowerby, t. 147;
Bull. t. 204;
Schaeff. t. 151;
In Fir plantations near
Butsfield,
Medomsley, and in
Bradley Wood, D. In
Dilston Park,
East Common, and Korsley Woods, N.
43. P. polymorpha
With. iv. 425;
Sowerby, t. 428;
Batsch. t. 50;
Bull. t. 116 and 460, f. 1;
Schaeff. 158;
Near
Wylam and
Walbottle, N. Near
Darlington and
Barnardcastle, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
44. P. albo-violascens
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 504;
Berwick Flora, ii. 149;
On dead branches of the Furze, near
Berwick. — Dr. Johnston.
45. P. plumbea
Gr. Crypt, t. 11;
Berwick Flora, ii. 150;
On rotten wood and sticks, not rare. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
46. P. punctiformis
Gr. Crypt, t. 63;
On dead Oak and Beach leaves.
47. P. crumpens
Gr. Crypt, t. 99;
On the decaying leaf-stalks of the Sycamore.
48. P. reticulata
Gr. Crypt, t. 156;
On the ground near
Fenham, N.
124. ASCOBOLUS
1. A. furfuraceus
Gr. Crypt, t. 307;
Fl. Eds. 426;
Persoon, Syn. 676;
Peziza stercoraria
Bull. t. 376;
Sowerby, t. 18 and 389;
With. iv. 421;
P. fusca
Bolton, t. 109, f. 2;
P. atra
Hudson, 639;
With. iv. 426;
On cow-dung, frequent.
125. STRICTIS
1. S. radiata
Gr. Crypt, t. 227;
Peziza strictis radiata
Persoon, Syn. 674;
P. marginata
With. iv. 419;
Sowerby, t. 16.
On sticks in
Bradley and
Gibside Woods, D. In
Heaton,
Scotswood, and
Walbottle Denes, N.
126. CENANGIUM
1. C. ferruginosum
Gr. Syn. 20;
Fries, iv. t. 197;
Peziza Abietis
Persoon, Syn. 671;
Berwick Flora, ii. 147;
P. cervina
Persoon, Syn. 647;
On the small branches of the Scotch Fir, frequent.
127. TYMPANIS
1. T. conspersa
Gr. Syn. 20;
Crypt. t. 338;
Peziza Aucupariae
Gr. Fl. Ed. 426;
P. populena
Persoon, Syn. 671;
P. Piri
671.
On the dead branches of trees, not rare.
127. TREMELEA
1. T. mesenterica
Gr. Fl. Eds. 426;
Persoon, Syn. 622;
Eng. Bot. 709;
With. iv. 93;
Bull. t. 406;
Berwick Flora, 144;
On the dead branches of trees, but not very common, N. and D. In the plantations at
New-water Haugh, near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. T. clavariaeformis
Persoon, Syn. 629;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 427;
Podisoma clavariaeformis
Bot. Gall. ii. 881;
Berwick Flora, ii. 146;
On the bark of Juniper at the Bede Hills, N. On the same shrub near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. T. Auricula-judae
Persoon, Syn. 624;
T. auricula
Eng. Bot. 2447;
Peziza auricula
With. iv. 420;
On old Elder trees in hedges near
Gateshead, and in
Long-acre Wood, D. Near
Benwell,
Denton,
Fenham, and
Hexham, N.
4. T. spiculosa
Persoon, Syn. 624;
Berwick Flora, ii. 145;
Exidia glandulosa
Bot. Gall. ii. 732.
Near
Berwick.
Dr. G. Johnston considers this distinct from T. arborea.
5. T. albida
Gr. Fl. Eds. 427;
With. iv. 90;
Berwick Flora, 145;
Eng. Bot. 2117;
Bull. t. 221;
T. Candida
Persoon, Syn. 624;
On the dead branches of trees, rare.
6. T. arborea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 427;
Eng. Bot. 2448;
With. iv. 91;
Bull, t. 420;
On the dead branches and trunks of trees.
7. T. sarcoides
Gr. Fl. Eds. 427;
Eng. Bot. 2450;
Berwick Flora, 145;
Bolton, t. 101, f. 2;
With. iv. 92;
Batsch. t. 53;
T. amethystea
Bull. t. 499, f. 5.
On rotten wood, frequent.
8. T. granulata
With. iv. 95;
Eng. Bot. 324;
Bull. 10, 17;
In
Bradley Wood, by a rivulet, D. In
Dilston Park and
Oak Wood, N.
129. DACRYMYCES
1. D. Urticae
Bot. Gall. ii. 729;
Berwick Flora, ii. 144;
Tremella Urticae
Persoon, Syn. 628;
Fusarum tremelloides
Gr. Crypt, t. 10;
On the dead stems of the Nettle.
2. D. deliquescens
Bot. Gall. ii. 729;
Berwick Flora, ii. 143;
D. stillaris
Gr. Crypt, t. 159;
Tremella deliquescens
Gr. Fl. Eds. 427;
T. lacrymalis
Persoon, Syn. 628;
Bull. t. 445, f. 3.
On wood in a state of decay, frequent.
130. AGYRUM
1. A. rufum
Gr. Syn. 24;
Fries, iv. t. 232;
Tremella ? Stictis
Persoon, Syn. 628;
On old dry Fir wood, not rare.
131. ACROSPERMUM
1. A. compressum
Gr. Crypt, t. 182;
Clavaria Herbarum
Persoon, Syn. 605;
Purton, t. 19 f. 3;
Sowerby, t. 353;
On the dead stems of herbaceous plants.
132. NIDULARIA
1. N. campanulata
With. iv. 426;
Purton, t. 17 f. 3;
Sowerby, t. 28;
N. vernicosa
Bull. t. 448, f. 1;
Peziza lentifera
Bolton, t. 102, f. 1;
Cyathus olla
Persoon, Syn. 237;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 459;
Near the Windmill Hills Gateshead, and at
Ravensworth, Team, and
Medomsley, D. Near
Benwell and
Denton, also in
East Common Wood, N. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson.
2. N. striata
With. iv. 426;
Sowerby, t. 29;
Purton, t. 17 f. 1;
Peziza striata
Bolton, t. 102, f. 2;
P. hirsuta
Schaeff. t. 178;
Bull. t. 40;
Cyathus striatus
Persoon, Syn. 237;
On decayed wood at Spring Gardens and
Fenham, N.
3. N. laevis
With. iv. 427;
Purton, t. 17 f. 2;
Sowerby, t. 30;
Bull. 140;
Cyathis crucibulum
Gr. Crypt. t. 34;
Fl. Eds. 459;
Persoon, Syn. 238;
Berwick Flora, ii. 191;
On rotten wood at
Kenton,
Wallington, and in
East Common Wood, N. Near the Redheugh above Gateshead, D. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
LYCOPERDACEAE
133. SCLERODERMA
1. S. Cepa
Gr. Crypt, t. 66;
Persoon, Syn. 155;
Berwick Flora, ii. 186;
Tuber solidum
With. iv. 443;
Near
Wallington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
2. S. Semen
Gr. Crypt, t. 144 f. 2;
Persoon, Syn. 123;
Sphaeria Brassicae
Bolton, t. 119, f. 2;
Sowerby, 393, f. 3;
With. iv. 471;
Lam. and De Cand. v. 113;
On putrid leaves of the Cabbage and stalks of the Potatoe, N. and D. Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
3. S. citrinum
4. S. verrucosum
Persoon, Syn. 154;
Gr. Crypt, t. 48;
Lycoperdon verrucosum
Bull. t. 24;
With. iv. 451;
L. defossum
Sowerby, t. 311.
By the sides of woods near
Medomsley,
Wolsingham, and
Lanchester, and on stone walls near Gateshead, and
Ravensworth, D. In
Dilston Park,
Oak Wood, and
East Common Wood, N.
134. DIDYMIUM
1. D. globosum
Gr. Syn. 14;
Diderma globosum
Gr. Crypt. t. 122;
Persoon, Syn. 167;
On dead Oak and Beach leaves, common.
135. GEASTRUM
1. G. coliforme
Persoon, Syn. 131;
Lycoperdon coliforme
Dick. Crypt. Fasc. i. t. 3, f. 4;
Sowerby, t. 313;
With. iv. 444;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 105;
In pastures on
Langley Moor near Lanchester, D. Near
Wylam and
Bywell, N.
2. G. quadrifidum
Persoon, Syn. 133;
Lycoperdon fornicatum
With. iv. 446;
Sowerby, t. l98;
Purton, iii. 480;
Near
Castle Eden, D. Near
Barnardcastle. — Rev. James Dalton. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson.
3. G. hygrometricum, β anglicanum
Persoon, Syn. 135;
Lycoperdon recolligens
With. iv. 447;
Sowerby, t. 401;
Bull. t. 238.
Near
Easington and
Harton, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson.
4. G. multifidum
Gr. Crypt, t. 306;
G. coronatum
Persoon, Syn. 132;
α,
Lycoperdon stellatum
Bolton, t. 179;
With. iv. 445 var. 1;
Sowerby, t. 312;
Purton, t. 20;
Linn. Tr. ii. 54.
Near
Wylam,
Stamfordham, and
Hexham, N. Near
Castle Eden and
Easington, D. Near
Darlington. — Mr. E. Robson. Near
Barnard Castle, D. — Rev. Jas. Dalton.
136. SPHAEROBOLUS
1. S. stellatus
Gr. Crypt, t. 158;
Persoon, Syn. 115;
Purton, t. 30;
Lycoperdon Corpobolus
Sowerby, t. 22;
With. iv. 449;
On rotten wood near Warney Bourn and
Chester-le-Street, D. Near
Gosforth and
Denton, N.
137. LYCOPERDON
1. L. giganteum
Persoon, Syn. 140;
Batsch. El. Fung. t. 165;
Berwick Flora, ii. 187;
L. Proteus
With. iv. 452 var. 1;
Sowerby, t. 332 (upper figure);
L. Bovista
Bull. t. 447;
Bovista gigantea
Gr. Crypt, t. 336;
Fl. Eds. 458;
In fields near Lintz Green and
Medomsley, D. In pastures at
Spindlestone, N. — Wallis.
2. L. nigrescens
L. Bovista
Sowerby, t. 331;
Bovista nigrescens
Persoon, Syn. 136;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 458;
In meadows and pastures, not rare, N. and D.
3. L. Bovista
Persoon, Syn. 141;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 456;
Berwick Flora, ii. 187;
L. Proteus
Sowerby, t. 332 (middle figure).
In pastures, not rare, N. and D. Under the floors of the
Vicarage and Infirmary, Newcastle.
4. L. pratense
Gr. Fl. Eds. 457;
Persoon, Syn. 142;
Berwick Flora, ii. 187;
L. Proteus cepaerforme
Bull. t. 435, f. 2.
In pastures, frequent.
5. L. excipuliforme
Gr. Fl. Eds. 457;
Persoon, Syn. 143;
Berwick Flora, ii. 187;
L. Proteus var. excipuliforme
Bull. t. 550, f. 2;
L. Proteus
Sowerby, t. 332 (lower figures);
Bolton, t. 117. f. 9.
In pastures, rare.
6. L. pyriforme
Persoon, Syn. 148;
Gr. Crypt, t. 304;
L. Proteus, var. pyriforme
With. iv. 453;
var. ovoideum
Bull. t. 435, f. 3.
On the rotten stumps of trees, and on the ground in woods, not rare.
138. TULOSTOMA
1. T. brumale
Gr. Crypt, t. 340;
Persoon, Syn. 139;
Lycoperdon pedunculatum
With. iv. 451;
Bull. t. 294 and 471;
Sowerby, t. 406.
On old stone walls among moss, N. and D.
139. ONYGENA
1. O. equina
Gr. Syn. 11;
Crypt, t. 343;
Persoon, Syn. 203;
Berwick Flora, ii. 189;
Lycoperdon equinum
With. iv. 450;
On the horns and hoofs of animals in a state of decay. Near
Yetholm. — Rev. A. Baird.
140. LYCOGOLA
1. L. argentea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 453;
Crypt, t. 106;
Berwick Flora, ii. 188;
Reticularia Lycoperdon
With. iv. 459;
Sowerby, t. 272.
On rotten gate posts, &c.
2. L. miniata
Gr. Crypt, t. 38;
Berwick Flora, ii. 188;
Persoon, Syn. 158;
Lycoperdon epidendrum
With, iv. 457;
Sowerby, t. 52;
Bolton, t. 119, f. 1;
On rotten wood, not rare. Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. E. Robson. In
Dilston Park, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. L. fuliginosa
141. LEANGIUM
1. L. Trevelyani
Gr. Syn. 14;
Crypt, t. 132;
On Bryum ligulatumW.C. Trevelyan, Esq. in woods at
Hartburn,
north of Wallington, N. —
142. PHYSARUM
1. P. luteum
Persoon, Syn. 172;
Sphaerocarpus luteus
Bull. t. 407, f. 2;
Trichia flava
With. iv. 474;
Bolton, t. 93, f. 4;
On rotten timber in
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, D.
2. P. ? globuliferum
Persoon, Syn. 175;
Sphaerocarpus globuliferus
Bull. t. 484, f. 3;
Trichia globulifera
With. iv. 475;
T. sphaerocarpa
Sowerby, t. 240;
Clathrus sphaerocarpus
Bolton, t. 94, f. 1;
On rotten wood in
Cawsey Dene, and near
Ryton and
Gateshead, D.
3. P. nutans
Persoon, Syn. 171;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 12;
Trichia alba
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 252;
Sowerby, t. 259;
Sphaerocarpus albus
Bull. t. 407, f. 3;
Clathrus sphaerocephalus
Bolton, t. 91, f. 1;
On dead leaves and sticks in
Cawsey Dene, D. In
Heaton and
Denton Denes, N.
4. P. aureum
Gr. Crypt, t. 124;
Persoon, Syn. 173;
On decayed trunks of trees, not rare. Near
Wallington, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
5. P. farinaceum
Bot. Gall. ii. 860;
Berwick Flora, ii. 190;
On decayed Beach leaves, not rare. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
143. LEOCARPUS
1. L. vernosus
Gr. Crypt, t. 111;
Berwick Flora, ii. 189;
Fl. Eds. 453;
Diderma vernosum
Persoon, Syn. 165;
Lycoperdon fragile
With. iv. 458;
Sowerby, t. 136;
Dick. Crypt, t. 3 f. 6;
On moss in
Cawsey Wood, D. In
Heaton,
Scotswood, and
Walbottle Denes, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
144. CRATERIUM
1. C. leucocephalum
Gr. Syn. 13;
Crypt, t. 65;
Berwick Flora, ii. 190;
On dead leaves and straws in woods. — Dr. G. Johnston.
145. PERICHAENA
1. P. populina
Gr. Crypt, t. 252;
Licea circumscissa
Persoon, Syn. 196;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 451;
Sploerocarpus subsessilis
Bull. t. 417, f. 5.
Between the wood and the bark of Aspen trees near
Jesmond, N.
146. LICEA
1. L. fragiformis
Gr. Crypt, t. 308;
Tubulina fragiformis
Persoon, Syn. 198;
Trichia fragiformis
With. iv. 475;
Sphaerocarpus fragiformis
Bull. t. 384.
On rotten wood and dead leaves, not rare.
147. TRICHIA
1. T. nigripes
Persoon, Syn. 178;
T. pyriformis
With. iv. 474;
Sowerby, t. 400, f. 6;
Sphaerocarpus pyriformis
Bull. t. 417, f. 2.
In
Long-acre and
Gibside Woods, D. In
East Common and
Horsley Woods, N.
2. T. ovata
Persoon, Syn. 180;
Berwick Flora, ii. 190;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 454;
T. turbinata
Sowerby, t. 85;
With. iv. 476;
Clathrus turbinatus
Bolton, t. 94, f. 3;
In
Long-acre and
Gibside Woods, D. In
Horsley Wood and
Scotswood dene, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. T. coccinea
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 255;
T. rufa
With. iv. 473;
Sphaerocarpus coccineus
Bull. t. 368, f. 1.
In
East Common Wood and
Dilston Park, N.
4. T. faginea
5. T. clavata
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 101;
Persoon, Syn. 178;
Berwick Flora, ii. 190;
On decayed Fir wood near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
148. ARCYRIA
1. A. punicea
Gr. Crypt, t. 130;
Fl. Eds. 455;
Persoon, Syn. 185;
Berwick Flora, ii. 191;
Trichia cinnabarina
Bull. t. 502, f. 1;
T. denudata
With. iv. 472;
Sowerby, t. 49;
Clathrus denudatus
Bolton, t. 93, f. 2;
On rotten wood in
Long-acre and
Gibside Woods, D. In
Heaton and
Scotswood Denes, N. At
Murton Crags, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. A. flava
Gr. Crypt. t. 309;
Persoon, Syn. 184;
A. nutans
Gr. Fl. Eds. 455;
Trichia nutans
Bull. t. 502, f. 3;
With. iv. 474;
Sowerby, t. 260.
On rotten wood near
Benwell and
Denton. N.
149. STEMONITES
1. S. fasciculata
Gr. Crypt, t. 170;
Berwick Flora, ii. 191;
Persoon, Syn. 187;
Trichia axifera
Bull. t. 477, f. 1;
T. nuda
With. iv. 472;
Sowerby, t. 20;
Clathrus nudus
Bolton, t. 93, f. 1;
On rotten wood at
Wallington, and in
Dilston Park and
Heaton Dene, N. in
Ravensworth and
Gibside Woods, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G.Johnston.
150. DICTYDIUM
1. D. cernuum
Gr. Crypt. t. 153;
Cribraria cernua
Persoon, Syn. 189;
On rotten wood, not very rare.
151. TRICHOMERMA
1. T. viride
Gr. Crypt, t. 271;
Persoon, Syn. 231;
On decayed trees, common.
152. ILLOSPORUM
1. I. roseum
Gr. Syn. 10;
Berwick Flora, ii. 144;
Palmella rosea
Crypt, t. 51;
Tubercularia rosea
Persoon, Syn. 114;
On the bark of the Hawthorn and Apple, not rare, N. and D. On Lichens in
Twizell Dene, and near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
153. SCLEROTIUM
1. S. Semen
Gr. Crypt, t. 144, f. 2;
Persoon, Syn. 128;
Berwick Flora, ii. 137;
Sphaeria Brassicae
Bolton, t. 119, f. 2;
Sowerby, t. 393, f. 3;
With. iv. 471;
On stalks of putrid vegetables, common.
2. S. clavus
Lam. and De Cand. v. 115;
Berwick Flora, ii. 138;
On the seeds of Agrostis alba
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. S. muscorum
Persoon, Syn. 120;
Berwick Flora, ii. 138;
S. subterraneum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 461;
Crypt, t. 101;
On the roots of Hypna
in Longridge Dene near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. S. Pteridis
Gr. Fl.Eds. 463;
Berwick Flora, ii. 139;
On the stems of Pteris aquilina common, . On Aspidium Filix-mas
—
Dr. G. Johnston.
5. S. salicinum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 462;
Xyloma salicinum
Bot. Gall. ii. 875;
Berwick Flora, ii. 140;
On the leaves of the broad-leaved Willows. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. S. populeum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 463;
Persoon, Syn. 125;
Xyloma populeum
Bot. Gall. ii. 875;
Berwick Flora, ii. 140;
On the leaves of the Aspen. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
7. S. durum
Gr. Crypt, t. 1;
Persoon, Syn. 121;
Berwick Flora, ii. 137;
Sphaeria solida
Sowerby, t. 314.
On the dead stems of large herbaceous plants, frequent. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
8. S. quercinum
Gr. Crypt, t. 77;
Persoon, Syn. 124;
S. pustula
Spring. Syst. Veg. iv. 522;
Berwick Flora, ii. 137;
On dead Oak leaves.
154. ERYSIPHE
1. E. communis
Gr. Syn. 9;
E. Pisi
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 274;
Berwick Flora, ii. 141;
Gr. Crypt, t. 134;
E. Trifolii
Fl. Eds. 459;
On Trefoil, Vetches, and the Garden Pea, frequent. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. E. adunca
Gr. Crypt, t. 296;
E. Populi
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 104;
E. Prunastri
Lam. and De Cand. l.c. p. 108.
On both sides of the leaves of the Willow, Poplar, Elm, &c, common.
3. E. compositarum
Bot. Gall. ii. 870;
Berwick Flora, ii. 142;
E. depressa
Link, in Willd. vi. i. 110;
E. Arctii
Gr. Fl. Eds. 460;
E. Artemisiae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 459;
On the leaves of the Burdock and Mugwort.
4. E. divaricata
Bot. Gall. ii. 870;
Link, in Willd. vi. i, 120;
Berwick Flora, ii. 142;
E. Lonicerae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 461;
On the leaves of the Honeysuckle.
5. E. penicillata
Link, 113;
Bot. Gall. ii. 871;
Berwick Flora, ii. 142;
E. berberidis
Lam. and De Cand. v. 275;
On the Barberry. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. E. lamprocarpa
Bot. Gall. ii. 869;
Berwick Flora, ii. 142;
Alphitomorpha lamprocarpa
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 408;
On the leaves of Plantago lanceolata
— Dr. G. Johnston.
7. E. guttata
Link, 116;
Bot. Gall. ii. 871;
Berwick Flora, ii. 143;
E. Coryli
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 272;
Sclerotium Erysiphe
Persoon, Syn. 124;
On the leaves of the Hazel. — Dr. G. Johnston.
155. LASIOBOTRYS
1. L. Lonicerae
Gr. Crypt, t. 191;
Xyloma Xylostei
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 599 and vi. 154;
On the leaves of the Honeysuckle.
156. AEGERITA
1. A. Candida
Gr. Crypt, t. 268, f. 1;
On wood in decay, not rare.
157. TUBERCULARIA
1. T. granulata
Gr. Crypt, t. 187;
Persoon, Syn. 113;
Berwick Flora, ii. 147;
On dead branches of the Sycamore near
Berwick, rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. T. vulgaris
Persoon, Syn. 112;
Berwick Flora, ii. 146;
Tremella purpurea
Linn. Syst. Veg. xv. 1004;
Sphaeria miniata
Bolton, t. 127, f. 1;
On the dead branches of the Currant, not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. T. confluens
Gr. Fl. Eds. 463;
Persoon, Syn. 113;
Berwick Flora, ii. 146;
On dead branches of trees, very common.
4. SPUMARIA
1. S. Mucilago
Gr. Crypt, t. 267;
Persoon, Syn. 163;
S. alba
Gr. Fl. Eds. 452;
Reticularis alba
Bull. 326;
Sowerby, t. 280;
R. ovata
With. iv. 461, var. 2;
On dead sticks and grass, frequent.
159. AETHALIUM
1. A. flavum
Gr. Crypt, t. 272;
Fuligo flava
Persoon, Syn. 161;
F. vaporaria
Persoon, Syn. 161;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 12;
F. Candida
Persoon, Syn. 162;
Reticularia hortensis
Bull. t. 424;
Sowerby, t. 399, f. 1;
R. lutea
Sowerby, t. 399, f. 2;
Bull, t. 380, f. 1;
R. ovata
With. iv. 460;
R. septica
With. iv. 460;
R. carnosa
Sowerby, t. 399, f. 3;
R. cerea
Sowerby, t. 399, f. 4;
Mucor septicus
Linn. Sp. Pl. 1656;
Bolton, t. 134;
Lightfoot, 1073;
On tan in hot-houses, and also among dead leaves and decaying trees, very frequent.
160. RETICULARIA
1. R. minuta
Gr. Syn. 11;
Lycogola minuta
Crypt, t. 40;
On dead leaves and sticks, not rare.
2. R. argentea
Gr. Syn. 11;
Lycogola argentea
Crypt, t. 106;
Persoon, Syn. 157;
R. Lycoperdon
Bull. t. 446, f. 4 and t. 476, f. 1;
Sowerby, t. 272;
With. iv. 459;
Mucor lycogolus
Bolton, t. 133;
M. carneus
Schaeff. t. 195, f 3.
On rotten wood, leaves, &c, frequent. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
161. ANGIORIDIUM
1. A. sinuosum
Gr. Crypt, t. 310;
Reticularia sinuosa
Bull. t. 446, f. 3;
Sowerby, t. 6;
With. iv. 460;
Physarum bivalve
Persoon, Syn. 169;
On the stumps of Willows by the Team, and in
Gibside Woods, D.
UREDINEAE
162. PUCCINIA
1. P. Anemones
2. P. Rubi
Gr. Fl. Eds. 428;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 218;
Berwick Flora, ii. 193;
P. mucronata
Persoon, Syn. 230;
On the leaves of the common Bramble.
3. P. Potentillae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 428;
Crypt, t. 57;
Berwick Flora, ii. 193;
On the Strawberry and Strawberry-leaved Cinquefoil, N. and D.
4. P. gracilis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 428;
Berwick Flora, ii. 193;
P. Rubi Idaei
Lam. and De Cand. v. 54;
On the wild Raspberry. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. P. Ulmariae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 433;
Berwick Flora, ii. 194;
On the leaves of the Meadowsweet, near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
6. P. Ciracae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 429;
Persoon, Syn. 228;
Berwick Flora, ii. 194;
On the leaves of the Enchanter's Nightshade. — Dr. G. Johnston.
7. P. Aviculariae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 429;
Persoon, Syn. 227;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 221;
Berwick Flora, ii. 195;
On the leaves of Polygonum aviculare, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
8. P. Menthae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 430;
Persoon, Syn. 227;
Berwick Flora, ii. 195;
On the leaves of Menthae, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
9. P. Polygoni
Gr. Fl. Eds. 430;
Persoon, Syn. 227;
Berwick Flora, ii. 195;
On the leaves of Polygonum amphibium
— Dr. G. Johnston.
10. P. compositarum
Bot. Gall. ii. 890;
Berwick Flora, ii. 196;
P. Centaurea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 430;
On the leaves of different species of Compositae N. and D. On the leaves of Centaurea nigra, near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
11. P. variabilis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 431;
Crypt, t. 75;
Berwick Flora, ii. 196;
On Leontodon Taraxacum not rare, near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
12. P. Buxi
Gr. Crypt. 17;
Sowerby, t. 439;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 60;
On the leaves of Box in gardens about
Newcastle, N. and D.
13. P. Calthae
Link, in Willd. vii. ii. 79;
Bot. Gall. ii. 891;
Berwick Flora, ii. 196;
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
14. P. Epilobii
Gr. Fl. Eds. 431;
Lam. and De Cand. v. 61;
Near
Berwick, on the leaves of Epilobium palustreDr. G. Johnston.— .
15. P. Veronicarum
16. P. Lychnidearum
Link, in Willd. iv. ii. 80;
Bot. Gall. 887;
Berwick Flora, ii. 194;
On the Red Lychnis, near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
17. P. Violae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 432;
Lam. and De Cand. v. 62;
Berwick Flora, ii. 196;
On the leaves of Viola canina
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
17. P. Scorodonia
Link, in Willd. iv. ii. 72;
Bot. Gall. ii. 888;
Berwick Flora, ii. 194;
On Teucrium Scorodonia not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
18. P. Galii-cruciata
Bot. Gall. ii. 890;
Berwick Flora, ii. 196;
P. Valantia
Gr. Fl. Eds. 432;
Persoon, Syn. 227;
On Galium verum and G. cruciatum, near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
19. P. Fabae
Gr. Crypt, t. 29;
Berwick Flora, ii. 197;
P. globosa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 434;
Uredo appendiculata
Bot. Gall. ii. 897.
On the leaves of Orobus tuberosus in autumn, N. and D.
20. P. Porri
Uredo Porri
Sowerby, t. 411;
On Leeks and Onions, not frequent.
21. P. glomerata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 433;
Berwick Flora, ii. 194;
On the leaves of Senecio Jacobaea, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
22. P. syngenesiarum
Link, in Willd, iv. ii. 74;
Berwick Flora, ii. 197;
On the leaves of Thistles, and of the Tragopogon. — Dr. G. Johnston.
23. P. Graminis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 433;
Persoon, Syn. 228;
Berwick Flora, ii. 195;
Uredo Frumenti
Sowerby, 1. 140.
β Arundinis
α On the stems and leaves of Corn and Grasses.
β On Phalaris arundinacea
and Arundo Phragmites
— Dr. G. Johnston.
24. P. Arundinacea
Bot. Gall. ii. 889;
Berwick Flora, ii. 195;
P. Graminis, var. Arundinacea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 433;
On the leaves and sheaths of Reeds. — Dr. G. Johnston.
25. P. Bullaria
Link, ut Supp. 78;
Berwick Flora, ii. 197;
Bullaria umbelliferarum
Bot. Gall. ii. 886.
On the stem of the Hemlock, in autumn, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
26. P. Umbelliferarum
Lam. and De Cand. v. 58;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 430;
Berwick Flora, ii. 196;
On the leaves of the Hemlock, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
163. PHRAGMIDIUM
1. P. mucronatum
Gr. Syn. 3;
Puccinia Rosae
Crypt, t. 15;
Berwick Flora, ii. 193;
P. mucronata, α Rosa
Persoon, Syn. 233;
On the leaves of the Rose, common.
164. UREDO
1. U. Geranii
Gr. Fl. Eds. 434;
Crypt, t. 8;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 73;
Berwick Flora, ii. 201;
On the leaves of various species of Geranium, N. and D.
Near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
165. U. Candida
Gr. Fl. Eds. 442;
Crypt, t. 251;
Persoon, Syn. 223;
Berwick Flora, ii. 197;
U. Thlaspi
Sowerby, t. 340.
On Tetradynamous plants, not rare; most common on Thlaspi Bursa-pastoris
.
3. U. Epilobii
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 73;
Berwick Flora, ii. 200;
On the leaves of Epilobium montanum
near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. U. Violarum
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 73;
Berwick Flora, ii. 202;
On the leaves of Viola canina, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. U. Ficariae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 434;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 65;
Berwick- Flora, ii. 203;
On the leaves of Ranunculus Ficaria
near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. U. suaveolens
Gr. Fl. Eds. 434;
Persoon, Syn. 221;
Berwick Flora, ii. 202;
Aecidium Cardui
Sowerby, t. 398, f. 5.
On Cnicus arvensis
N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
7. U. Polygonorum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 434;
Crypt, t. 80;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 71;
Berwick Flora, ii. 201;
On the leaves of various species of Polygonum
N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
8. U. Cichoraceum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 425;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 229;
Berwick Flora, ii. 201;
On the leaves of the Composite, N. and D. On the Lapsana communis
Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston. On the Dandelion, common.
9. U. bifrons
Gr. Fl. Eds. 435;
Berwick Flora, ii. 201;
U. Rumicum
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 66. β,
On the leaves of the Sorrel, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
10. U. Rumicum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 436;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 66;
Berwick Flora, ii. 201;
U. bifrons
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 229;
On Rumex crispus and R. obtusifolius
N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. U. intrusa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 436;
Berwick Flora, ii. 201;
On the inferior surface of the leaves of Alchemilla vulgaris
Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
12. U. Fabae
Gr. Crypt, t. 95;
Fl. Eds. 436;
Persoon, Syn. 221;
Lam. and De Cand. v. 69;
U. fusca
Purton, iii. 507;
On the leaves of the Bean, Vetch, &c.
13. U. Labiatarum
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 72;
Berwick Flora, ii. 203;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 436;
U. Mentha
Persoon, Syn. 220;
On the leaves of Ajuga reptans
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
14. U. oblongata
Gr. Crypt, t. 12;
Fl. Eds. 437;
Berwick Flora, ii. 202;
U. caricis
Fl. Dan. t. 1317;
U. caricina
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 83.
On the leaves of Luzulae
and Carices
.
15. U. Vitellinae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 437;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 231;
Berwick Flora, ii. 200;
On the leaves of Salix vitellina and viminalis
and Smithiana, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
16. U. farinosa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 437;
Berwick Flora, ii. 200;
Persoon, Syn. 217 α;
U. Caproearum
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 80;
On Salix capraea and S. aurita
Near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
17. U. Gnaphalii
18. U. Senecionis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 438;
Berwick Flora, ii. 198;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 231;
U. farinosa
Persoon, Syn. 218;
On the leaves of Senecio sylvaticus
N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
19. U. Tussilaginis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 441;
Berwick Flora, ii. 198;
On the leaves of the Colts-foot, frequent.
20. U. Potentillae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 438;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 232;
Berwick Flora, ii. 199;
On Potentilla Fragaria
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
21. U. Rosa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 438;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 232;
Berwick Flora, ii. 199;
On Rose leaves, N. and D. Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
22. U. Ruborum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 438;
Berwick Flora, ii. 199;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 234;
U. Rubifruticosi
Persoon, Syn. 218;
On the leaves of Brambles, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
23. U. effusa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 439;
Crypt, t. 19;
Berwick Flora, ii. 199;
U. miniata
Persoon, Syn. 216;
α,
U. spiraeae
Sowerby, t. 298.
On the leaves and seed vessels of wild Roses, frequent, and on Spiraea Ulmaria N. and D.
24. U. Lini
Gr. Crypt, t. 31;
Fl. Eds. 439;
U. miniata
Persoon, Syn. 216;
On the leaves of Linum catharticum N. and D.
25. U. Alchemillae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 439;
Persoon, Syn. 215;
Berwick Flora, ii. 199;
On Alchemilla vulgaris
N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
26. U. Rhinanthacearum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 439;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 80;
Berwick Flora, ii. 200;
On the leaves, &c., of the Yellow Rattle, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.
27. U. Campanula
Gr. Fl. Eds. 440;
Persoon, Syn. 217;
Berwick Flora, ii. 200;
On the leaves of different species of Campanula
N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
28. U. Pyrolae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 440;
Berwick Flora, ii. 198;
On the leaves of Pyrola minor
at
Wallington, N. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. At
Gibside, and the
Howns Woods, D.
29. U. linearis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 440;
Persoon, Syn. 216;
Berwick Flora, ii. 198;
U. frumenti
Sowerby, t. 140;
U. longissima
t. 139.
On the leaves of Corn and Grasses, common.
30. U. Sonchi
Gr. Fl. Eds. 441;
Berwick Flora, ii. 198;
U. Sonchi arvensis
Persoon, Syn. 217;
On the leaves of Sonchus arvensis
N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
31. U. Petasitis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 441;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 236;
Berwick Flora, ii. 198;
On the leaves of Tussilago Petasites
N. and D. Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
32. U. Populina
Gr. Fl. Eds. 442;
Berwick Flora, ii. 200;
Persoon, Syn. 219 α;
U. longicapsula
Bot. Gall. ii. 895;
On the lower surface of the leaves of Populus nigra
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
33. U. ovata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 442;
Berwick Flora, ii. 198;
β Betulae
U. populina
Persoon, Syn. 219;
U. longicapsula
Lam. and De Cand. v. 84;
On the leaves of Betula alba
N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
34. U. segetum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 442;
Persoon, Syn. 224;
Berwick Flora, ii. 203;
Within the fructification and glumes of Corn, too frequent.
35. U. urceolarum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 443;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 78;
U. Caricis
Persoon, Syn. 225;
Berwick Flora, ii. 204;
On the fructification of Sedges, N. and D.
36. U. caries
Gr. Fl. Eds. 443;
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 16;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 78;
Berwick Flora, ii. 204;
Within the grains of Wheat, too common.
37. U. antherarum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 443;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 79;
U. violacca
Persoon, Syn. 225;
On Lychnis dioica and Cerastium viscosum
N. and D.
38. U. flosculorum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 443;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 79;
Berwick Flora, ii. 204;
Farinaria Scabiosa
Sowerby, t. 269, f. 2.
On Scabiosa arvensis rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
39. U. caryophyllaccarum
Link, in Willd. iv. ii. 26;
Berwick Flora, ii. 199;
On Stellaria graminea and Cerastium viscosum
near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston
40. U. Vacciniorum
Berwick Flora, ii. 199;
Coeoma Vacciniurum
Link, Supp. Cit. 15.
On the leaves of Vaccinium Myrtillus
— Dr. G. Johnston.
41. U. Umbellatarum
Berwick Flora, ii. 202;
Coeoma umbellatarum
Link, in Willd, iv. ii. 23;
U. Cynapii
Bot. Gall. ii. 900.
On the leaves of the Hemlock — Near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
165. AECIDIUM
1. A. Epilobii
Gr. Fl. Eds. 444;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 238;
Berwick Flora, ii. 204;
On the leaves of Epilobium palustre and E. hirsutum
Near Berwick.— Dr G. Johnston.
2. A. Chicoraceum
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 239;
Berwick Flora, ii. 205;
A. Tragopogi
Persoon, Syn. 211;
α. Near
Berwick-upon-Tweed.— Dr. G. Johnston. β near
Newcastle, upon Tragopogon pratense.
3. A. Sonchi
Berwick Flora, ii. 205;
On the leaves of Sonchus arvensis
— Dr. G. Johnston..
4. A. Violarum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 444;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 240;
Berwick Flora, ii. 205;
On the leaves of Viola canina
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. A. albescens
6. A. Taraxaci
Gr. Fl. Eds. 444;
Berwick Flora, ii. 205;
On the lower surface of the leaves of the Dandelion, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
7. A. Periclymeni
Gr. Fl. Eds. 445;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 597;
Berwick Flora, ii. 206;
On the leaves of the Woodbine. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
8. A. Prenanthes
9. A. Urticae
10. A. confertum
11. A. Geranii
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 93;
Berwick Flora, ii. 205;
Uredo hemisphaerica
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 571;
On the leaves of Geranium pratense
Near
Berwick.—
Dr. G. Johnston.
12. A. Grossulariae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 446;
Crypt, t. 62;
Berwick Flora, ii. 206;
A. Rumicis
Persoon, Syn. 207;
On the leaves of the Gooseberry.
13. A. Valerianarum
Bot. Gall. ii. 908;
Berwick Flora, ii. 206;
On the leaves and footstalks of the Valerians. Near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
14. A. Ranunculaceum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 446;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 97;
Berwick Flora, ii. 206;
A. Ranunculi acris
Persoon, Syn. 210;
On the leaves of different species of Ranunculi, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
15. A. Berberidis
Gr. Crypt, t. 96;
Fl. Eds. 446;
Persoon, Syn. 209;
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 246;
Berwick Flora, ii. 207;
On the leaves, &c., of the Barberry, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
10. A. laceratum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 447;
Crypt, t. 209;
Berwick Flora, ii. 207;
Sowerby, t. 318;
A. Oxyacanthae
Persoon, Syn. 206;
On the fruit and fruit-stalks of the Hawthorn, near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
17. A. cornutum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 447;
Crypt, t. 180;
Sowerby, t. 319;
Persoon, Syn. 205;
Berwick Flora, ii. 207;
On the leaves of the Mountain Ash, N. and D. In
Twizell Dene, N Mrs. Selby.
18. A. Tussilaginis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 447;
Persoon, Syn. 209;
Sowerby, t. 397, f. 1;
Berwick Flora, ii. 207;
On the leaves of Tussilago Farfara.
19. A. Allii
Gr. Fl. Eds. 447;
Persoon, Syn. 210;
Berwick Flora, ii. 207;
On the leaves of Allium urcinum
Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
MUCEDINEAE
166. ERINEUM
1. E. aureum
2. E. griseum
Gr. Crypt, t. 141, f. 1;
On the leaves of the Oak, common.
3. E. clandestinum
Gr. Crypt, t. 141, f. 2;
E. Oxyacanthae
Persoon, Mycol. i. 145.
On the leaves of the White Thorn.
4. E. faginum
Gr. Crypt, t. 250, f. 1;
Persoon, Syn. 700;
Berwick Flora, ii. 208;
On the leaves of the Beach, common. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. E. populinum
Gr. Crypt, t. 250, f. 2;
Persoon, Syn. 700;
Berwick Flora, ii. 209;
On the leaves of Poplars and the Aspen.
6. E. Padi
Gr. Crypt, t. 157, f. 1;
On the leaves of the Bird Cherry, N. and D. Near
Twizell House, N — P.J. Selby, Esq. Near
Beamish, D. — Greville.
7. E. roseum
8. E. betulinum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 451;
Edin. Ph. Jour, vi. 79, t. 3;
Berwick Flora, ii. 208;
On the leaves of Betula alba frequent .
9. E. Alneum
Gr. Crypt, t. 157, f. 2;
Persoon, Syn. 701;
Berwick Flora, ii. 209;
Mucor ferrugincus
Bull. t. 504, f. 12.
On the leaves of the Alder.
10. E. roseum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 451;
E. Betulae
Crypt, t. 21;
On the leaves of the Birch in Teesdale, and other sub-alpine situations.
11. E. pyrinum
Gr. Crypt, t. 22;
Persoon, Syn. 700;
Berwick Flora, ii. 208;
On the leaves of the Crab and Pear, not rare.
12. E. tortuosum
Gr. Crypt, t. 94;
On the leaves of the Birch.
13. E. Sorbi
Gr. Crypt, t. 263, f. 1;
On the leaves of the Mountain Ash. Near Wellington, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
14. E. Juglans
Gr. Crypt. 263, f. 2;
On the leaves of the Walnut.
15. E. acerinum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 449;
Persoon, Syn. 700;
Berwick Flora, ii. 208;
On the under surface of the leaves of the Sycamore, common.
167. MUCOR
1. M. caninus
168. MYRIOTHECIUM
1. M. Carmichaelii
Gr. Crypt, t. 140;
On decayed vegetables.
169. CHAETOMIUM
1. C. datum
Gr. Crypt, t. 230;
On dead Grasses and Reeds.
BYSSOIDEAE
170. BYSSUS
1. B. floccosa
Bot. Gall. ii. 934;
Berwick Flora, ii. 212;
Byssus septica
With. iv. 192, var. 2;
Dill. t. 1, f. 9;
In wine cellars. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. B. olivacea
Filaments, long, tubular, even, continuous, simple, pellucid, and of an olive green colour. Abundant in an oil cellar in
Newcastle, where the plant formed a loosely matted covering to the walls
behind the casks. Dr. G. Johnston, to whom I sent this plant, and to a more accurate observer specimens could not have been submitted, observes, "The tubes are empty, but in some of them I thought I perceived a granular matter. There are no sporules."
171. OZONIUM
1. O. auricomum
Gr. Crypt, t. 260;
Dematium strigosum
Persoon, Syn. 695;
Byssus barbata
Eng. Bot. 701;
With, iv. 191;
On rotten wood in damp places, and in caverns.
172. DEMATIUM
1. D. violaceum
Persoon, Syn. 697;
Auricularia phosphorea
Sowerby, t. 350;
Byssus phosphorea
With. iv. 189;
Conferva phosphorea
Dillwyn, t 88;
On rotten wood and bark, not rare.
173. HIMANTIA
1. H. Candida
Gr. Crypt, t. 228;
Persoon, Syn. 704;
Berwick Flora, ii. 213;
Fibrellaria stellata
Sowerby, t. 387, f. 1;
Byssus Candida
Hudson, 607;
Lightfoot, 1003;
On decaying leaves, sticks, &c. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. H. flammea
Linnaea, A. D. 1830, p. 408;
On dead Beach leaves near
Wallington, N. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
174. RACODIUM
1. R. cellare
Gr. Crypt, t. 259;
Persoon, Syn. 701;
Berwick Flora, ii. 212;
Fibrellaria vinaria
Sowerby, t. 432;
Byssus Cryptarum
Lam. and De Cand. ii. 67;
B. septica
With. iv. 192, var. 2;
In damp vaults and cellars.
2. R. aluta
Persoon, Syn. 702;
Byssus aluta
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 10.
In rotten trees, but not very frequent.
3. R. xylostroma, β Corium
175. HELMISPORIUM
1. H. macrocarpon
Gr. Crypt, t. 148, f. 1;
On rotten bark.
176. TORULA
1. T. herbarum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 469;
Bot. Gall. ii. 931;
Berwick Flora, ii. 210;
Monilis herbarum
Persoon, Syn. 693;
On the dead stems of vegetables. — Dr. G. Johnston.
177. FUSIDIUM
1. F. griseum
Gr. Crypt. 1. 102, f. 1;
Fl. Eds. 464;
On dead Oak and Beach leaves.
1. F. flavo-virescens
Gr. Crypt, t. 102, f. 2;
Fl. Eds. 464;
Berwick Flora, ii. 209;
On dead Oak and Beach leaves. Near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
178. POLYTHRINCIUM
1. P. Trifolii
Gr. Crypt, t. 216;
On the leaves of the Trefoils.
179. EXOSPORIUM
1. E. Tilliae
Gr. Crypt, t. 208;
On the dead branches of the Linden.
180. DIDYMOSPHORUM
1. D. profusum
Gr. Syn. 3;
Stilbospora profusa
Crypt, t. 212;
On branches of the Beach and Sycamore.
2. D. betulinum
Gr. Crypt, t. 273;
On dead branches of the Birch.
181. FUSARIUM
1. F. tremelloides
Gr. Crypt. t. 10;
Tremella urticae
Persoon, Syn. 628;
Lam. and De Cand. vi. 28.
On the dead stems of the Nettle, common. N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
182. ASCOPHORA
1. A. Mucedo
Gr. Crypt, t. 269;
Mucor Mucedo
Persoon, Syn. 201;
Berwick Flora, ii. 210;
On putrefying substances, common.
183. EUROTIUM
1. E. Herbariorum
Gr. Crypt. t. 164;
Mucor Herbariorum
Persoon. Syn. 202.
On the leaves and stems of dried plants when exposed to damp, common.
2. E. Bosarum
Gr. Crypt, t. 164, f. 2;
On the branches and capsules of the Rose.
184. ACREMONIUM
1. A. fuscum
Gr. Crypt, t. 124, f. 1;
On dead wood and herbaceous plants.
2. A. verticillatum
Gr. Crypt, t. 124, f. 2;
On dead wood and trunks of trees.
185. PENICILLIUM
1. P. glaucum
Gr. Crypt, t. 58, f. 1;
Berwick Flora, ii. 211;
On putrifying fruit, fungi, &c.
186. BOTRYTIS
1. B. agaricina
Gr. Crypt, t. 126, f. 1;
On decaying fungi.
2. B. diffusa
Gr. Crypt, t. 126, f. 2;
On decaying herbaceous plants.
3. ACROSPORIUM
1. A. monilioides
Gr. Crypt. t. 73;
Berwick Flora, ii. 210;
Oidium monilioides
Bot. Gall. ii. 932.
On the leaves and stems of Grasses.
188. SPOROTRICHUM
1. S. minutum
Gr. Crypt, t. 108, f. 1;
On putrid substances.
189. TRICHOTHECIUM
1. T. roseum
Gr. Crypt. t. 172;
Trichoderma roseum
Persoon, Syn. 231;
On rotten branches of trees.
190. SEPEDONIUM
1. S. mycophilum
Gr. Crypt, t. 198;
Berwick Flora, ii. 209;
Uredo mycophila
Persoon, Syn. 214;
Mucor chrysospermus
Bull. t. 504, f. 1;
Sowerby, t. 378;
With. iv. 479;
On putrescent fungi.
191. CLADOSPORUM
1. C. herbarum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 469;
Bot. Gall. ii. 930;
Berwick Flora, ii. 209;
On the dead stems of umbelliferous plants, Oak leaves, &c.
192. ASPERGILLUS
1. A. glaucus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 467;
Berwick Flora, ii. 211;
On putrefying fruit, &c.
2. A. penicillatus
Gr. Crypt, t. 32;
On damp Hay.
193. BOTRYS
1. B. cinerea
Berwick Flora, ii. 212;
Link, in Willd. iv. i. 60;
Parasitical, on Sclerotium durum
— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. B. agaracina
194. CYLYNDROSPORIUM
1. C. concentricum
Gr. Crypt, t. 27;
Fl. Eds. 471;
On the leaves of the garden Cabbage.
ALGAE
195. SARGASSUM
1. S. bacciferum
Agardh, Syn. 6;
Gr. Algae, 3;
Fucus bacciferus
Turn. Hist. t. 47;
Eng. Bot. 1967;
Among the rejectamenta of the sea at the foot of
Castle Eden Dene, D. — Mr. Backhouse. On the coast of Northumberland. — With. iv. 101;.
196. CYSTOSEIRA
1. C. ericoides
Agardh, Syn. 52;
Gr. Algae, 4;
Fucus tamariscifolius
Ner. Brit. 44, t. 11;
F. selaginoides
Turn. Syn. 85;
F. ericoides
Eng. Bot. 1968;
Turn. Hist. t. 191.
Among the rejectamenta of the
sea near Sunderland.— W. Weighell's Herb. At Seaton, D.-Mr. E. Robson.
197. HALIDRYS
1. H. siliquosa
Gr. Algae, 9;
Cystoseira siliquosa
Agardh, Syn. 71;
Fucus siliquosus
Eng. Bot. 474;
Ner. Brit. 8, t. 5;
Turn. Hist. t. 159;
Berwick Flora, ii. 223;
On rocks and stones on the coast, frequent.
198. FUCUS
1. F. nodosus
Agardh, Syn. 85;
Eng. Bot. 570;
Turn. Hist. t. 91;
Berwick Flora, ii. 222;
Ner. Brit. 35, t. 10;
Gr. Algae, 16;
On rocks and stones on the coast, common.
2. F. vesiculosus
Agardh, Syn. 87;
Turn. Hist. t. 88;
Berwick Flora, ii. 221;
Gr. Algae, 12;
Eng. Bot. 1066;
β spiralis
Eng. Bot. 1685;
Ner. Brit. 10, t. 5.
α and β on rocks upon the sea coast, abundant.
3. F. serratus
Agardh, Syn. 95;
Turn. Syn. 110;
Hist. t. 90;
Berwick Flora, ii. 222;
Eng. Bot. 1221;
Ner. Brit. 1, t. 1;
Gr. Algae, 15;
On rocks on the coast, common.
4. F. canaliculatus
Agardh, Syn. 96;
Eng. Bot. 823;
Turn. Syn. 242;
Hist. t. 3;
Gr. Algae, 18;
Berwick Flora, ii. 223;
Upon rocks on the coast, common.
199. HIMANTHALIA
1. H. lorca
Gr. Algae, 20;
Berwick Flora, ii. 224;
Fucus lareus
Agardh, Syn. 98;
Turn. Hist. t. 196;
Eng. Bot. 569;
Ner. Brit. 37, t. 10.
On rocks on the coast at
Hartley Bates,
Dunstanborough,
Holy Island, and
Bamborough, N.
200. FURCELLARIA
1. F. fastigiata
Agardh, Syn. 103;
Gr. Algae, 67;
F. lumbricalis
Berwick Flora, ii. 223;
Fucus lumbricalis
Eng. Bot. 824;
Turn. Hist. t. 6;
Ner. Brit. t. 6;
F. fastigiatus
With. iv. 133;
On rocks on the coast, frequent.
2. LICHINA
1. L. pygmaea
Agardh, Syn. 105;
Gr. Crypt, t 219;
Algae, 22;
Berwick Flora, ii. 220;
Fucus pygmaus
Eng. Bot. 1332;
Turn. Hist. t. 204, f. a, h.
On rocks on the coast, frequent.
2. L. confinis
Aghard, Syn. 105;
Gr. Crypt, t. 221;
Algae, 23;
Berwick Flora, ii. 221;
Fucus confinis
Eng. Bot. 2575;
F. pygmaeus
Turn. Hist. 204, f. i, o. β,
On rocks near high-water mark.
Probably Turner is right in making this a variety of the preceding species.
202. LAMINARIA
1. L. esculenta
Agardh, Syn. 110;
Berwick Flora, ii. 224;
Fucus esculentus
Eng. Bot. 1759;
Turn. Hist. t. 117;
Alaria esculenta
Gr. Algae, 25;
On rocks in deep water, not rare.
2. L. digitata
Agardh, Syn. 112;
Gr. Algae, 27;
Berwick Flora, ii. 225;
Fucus digitatus
Eng. Bot. 2274;
Turn. Hist. 162;
Ner. Brit. v. t. 3.
On rocks in deep water, common.
3. L. bulbosa
Agardh, Syn. 114;
Gr. Algae, 29;
Berwick Flora, ii. 225;
Fucus bulbosus
Eng. Bot. 1760;
On the shores of
Holy Island, N.
4. L. saccharina
Agardh, Syn. 117;
Gr. Algae, 32;
Berwick Flora, ii. 226;
Fucus saccharimis
Turn. Hist. t. 163;
Eng. Bot. 1376;
β attenuata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 282;
L. Phyllitis
Agardh, Syn. 121;
Fucus Phyllitis
Eng. Bot. 1331;
Ner. Brit. 33, t. 9;
Turn. Hist. t. 164;
Laminaria Phyllitis
Gr. Algae, 34;
Berwick Flora, ii. 226;
On the sea coast in deep water, frequent.
203. SPOROCHNUS
1. S. aculeatus
Agardh, Syn. 151;
Fucus aculeatus
Turn. Hist. t. 187;
Eng. Bot. 2445;
Ner. Brit. 24, t. 8;
Desmarestia aculeata
Gr. Algae, 38;
Berwick Flora, ii. 223;
On rocks and stones on the coast, not rare.
2. S. viridis
Agardh, Syn. 154;
Dichloria viridis
Gr. Algae, 39;
Fucus viridis
Eng. Bot. 1669;
Ner. Brit. t. 17;
Turn. Hist. t. 97.
Among the rejectamenta on the coast at Sunderland. — W. Weighell's Herb. Among the rocks at
Hartlepool, D. — John Hogg, Esq. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. S. villosus
Agardh, Syn. 155;
Gr. Algae, 42;
Conferva villosa
Eng. Bot. 546;
Dillwyn, t. 37;
On the beach near
Whitburn, D.— W. Weighell's Herb.
4. S. ligulatus
Agardh, Syn. 158;
Desmarestia ligulata
Gr. Algae, 37;
Fucus ligulosus
Eng. Bot. 1636;
Turn. Hist. t. 98;
Lightfoot, 946, t. 29;
Ner. Brit. 60, t. 20;
F. herbaceus
Hudson, 582;
On the beach at Seaton, D. — Mr. Backhouse. On the coast of Northumberland. — Hudson.
204. DELESSERIA
1. D. sanguinea
Agardh, Syn. 172;
Berwick Flora, ii. 229;
Gr. Algae, 72;
Fucus sanguineus
Eng. Bot. 1041;
Ner. Brit. 20, t. 7;
Turn. Hist. t. 36.
On the sea coast, not rare.
2. D. sinuosa
Agardh, Syn. 174;
Berwick Flora, ii. 230;
Gr. Algae, 73;
Fucus rubens
Lightfoot, 943;
Ner. Brit. 18, t. 7;
F. sinuosus
Eng. Bot. 822;
Turn. Hist. t. 35.
On the stems of large Algae, but not common.
3. D. ruscifolia
Agardh, Syn. 175;
Gr. Algae, 76;
Fucus ruscifolius
Eng. Bot. 1395;
Turn. Hist. t. 15.
Among the rejectamenta of the sea on the coast near
Sunderland, D. — W. Weighell's Herb.
4. D. Hypoglossum
Agardh, Syn. 176;
Gr. Algae, 75;
Fucus Hypoglossum
Eng. Bot. 1396;
Turn. Hist. t. 14;
F. hypoglossoides
Ner. Br. t. 13.
Among the rejectamenta of the sea on the beach near Sunderland. — Mr. J. Robson. At
Hartlepool, D. — J. Hogg, Esq.
5. D. alata
Agardh, Syn. 178;
Berwick Flora, ii. 230;
Gr. Algae, 73;
Fucus alatus
Ner. Brit. 79, t. 13;
Eng. Bot. 1837;
Turn. Hist. t. 160.
On rocks and stones on the coast, also on the stems of Algae.
6. D. Plocamium
Agardh, Syn. 180;
Fucus Plocamium
Lightfoot, 957;
F. coccineus
Eng. Bot. 1242;
Turn. Hist. t. 59;
Plocamium coccineum
Berwick Flora, ii. 232;
Gr. Algae, 98;
On the sea coast, common.
7. D. lacerata
Agardh, Syn. 184;
Halymenia lacerata
Bot. Gall. ii. 944;
Berwick Flora, ii. 228;
Nitophyllum laceratum
Gr. Algae, 83;
Fucus laceratus
Eng. Bot. 1067;
Turn. Hist. t. 68;
Ner. Brit. 77.
Upon rocks and stones on the coast.
205. BONNEMAISONIA
1. B. asparagoides
Agardh, Syn. 197;
Gr. Algae, 107;
Fucus asparagoides
Eng. Bot. 571;
Among the rejectamenta of the sea on the coast near
Sunderland, D W. Weighell's Herb.
206. HALYMENIA
1. H. Brodiaei
Bot. Gall. ii. 942;
Fucus Brodiaei
Eng. Bot. 1966;
Chondrus Brodiaei
Gr. Algae, 133;
Sphaerococcus Brodiaei
Agardh, Syn. 139;
Among the rejectamenta of
the sea near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston. On
Holy Island, N.— P.J. Selby, Esq.
2. H. edulis
Agardh, Syn. 202;
Berwick Flora, ii. 227;
Fucus edulis
Eng. Bot. 1307;
Ner. Brit. 57, t. 12;
Turn. Hist. t. 114;
Iridaea edulis
Gr. Algae, 158;
On rocks on the coast, not rare.
3. H. palmata
Agardh, Syn. 204;
Berwick Flora, ii. 228;
Fucus palmatus
Eng. Bot. 1306;
Turn. Hist. t. 115;
Rhodomenia palmata
Gr. Algae, 93;
On rocks and the stems of Algae, common.
207. CATENELLA
1. C. opuntia
Gr. Algae, 166;
Halymenia opuntia
Agardh, Syn. 217;
Rivularia opuntia
Eng. Bot. 1868;
Fucus caespitosus
Ner. Brit. t. 12.
Among the rejectamenta of the sea, rare, N. and D.
208. SPHAEROCOCCUS
1. S. rubens
Agardh, Syn. 237;
Fucus rubens
Eng. Bot. 1053;
Turn. Hist. t. 12;
Ner. Brit. t. 19;
F. prolifer
Lightfoot, 949, t. 30;
Phyllophora rubens
Gr. Algae, 135;
Halymenia rubens
Bot. Gall. ii. 943;
Berwick Flora, ii. 227;
On the sea shore, not very rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. S. membranifolius
Agardh, Syn. 240;
Fucus membranifolius
Eng. Bot. 1965;
Turn. Hist. t. 74;
Ner. Brit. t. 20;
Chondrus membranifolius
Gr. Algae, 131;
Halymenia membranifolia
Bot. Gall. ii. 943;
Berwick Flora, ii. 227;
Upon rocks and stones on the coast, not rare.
3. S. crispus
Agardh, Syn. 256;
Fucus crispus
Eng. Bot. 2285;
Ner. Brit. 19;
Turn. Hist. t. 216 and 217;
Chondrus crispus
Gr. Algae, 129;
Berwick Flora, ii. 230;
Upon rocks and stones on the coast, not rare.
4. S. mammillosus
Agardh, Syn. 260;
Fucus mammillosus
Eng. Bot. 1054;
Turn. Hist. t. 218;
Chondrus mammillosus
Gr. Algae, 127;
Berwick Flora, ii. 230;
On rocks and stones on the coast.
5. S. ciliatus
Agardh, Syn. 263;
Fucus ciliatus
Eng. Bot. 1069;
Ner. Brit. 90, t. 15;
Turn. Hist. t. 70;
Rhodomenia ciliata
Gr. Algae, 90;
Among the rejectamenta on the Durham coast, rare.
6. S. laciniatus
Agardh, Syn. 297;
Fucus laciniatus
Turn. Hist. t. 69;
Eng. Bot. 1068;
F. crispatus
Ner. Brit. 92, t. 15;
Rhodomenia laciniata
Gr. Algae, 86;
Halymenia laciniata
Bot. Gall. ii. 945;
Berwick Flora, ii. 229;
On rocks and stones on the coast, not rare.
7. S. bifidus
Agardh, Syn. 299;
Fucus bifidus
Turn. Hist. t. 154;
Eng. Bot. t. 773;
Rhodomenia bifida
Gr. Algae, 85;
Among the rejectamenta on the coast at
Whitburn, D. At
Tynemouth and
Seaton Sluice, N., rare.
8. S. cristatus
Agardh, Syn. 300;
Fucus cristatus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 296;
Turn. Hist. 23;
F. gigartinus
Fl. Dan. t, 394?;
Rhodomenia cristata
Gr. Algae, 89;
Halymenia cristata
Berwick Flora, ii. 229;
On the
coast at Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
9. S. confervoides
Agardh, Syn. 303;
Fucus confervoides
Eng. Bot. 1668;
Turn. Hist. t. 84;
F. verrucosus
Ner. Brit. 27, t. 8;
96, t. 15;
Gracillaria confervoides
Gr. Algae, 123;
On rocks and stones on the coast.
10. S. plicatus
Agardh, Syn. 313;
Fucus plicatus
Eng. Bot. 1089;
Turn. Hist. t. 180;
Ner. Brit. 23, t. 7;
Gigartina plicata
Gr. Algae, 150;
Berwick Flora, ii. 234;
Upon rocks and stones on the coast.
11. S. purpurascens
Agardh, Syn. 318;
Fucus purpurascens
Eng. Bot. 1243;
Turn. Hist. t. 9;
F. tuberculatus
Lightfoot, 926;
Gracillaria purpurascens
Gr. Algae, 122;
Gigartina purpurascens
Bot. Gall. ii. 952;
Berwick Flora, ii. 234;
On the coast, not uncommon.
208. GELIDEUM
1. G. cornutum
Gr. Algae, 143;
Berwick Flora, ii. 231;
Sphaerococcus corneus
Agardh, Syn. 279;
Fucus corneus
Eng. Bot. 1970;
Ner. Brit. t. 12.
On Basaltic rocks near Bamborough — Greville.
209. CHONDRIA
1. C. pinnatifida
Agardh, Syn. 337;
Fucus pinnatifidus
Eng. Bot. 1202;
Turn. Hist. t. 20;
Ner. Brit. 48, t. 11;
Laurentia pinnatifida
Gr. Algae, 108;
Berwick Flora, ii. 231;
Upon rocks and stones on the coast, frequent.
2. C. obtusa
Agardh, Syn. 340;
Fucus obtusus
Eng. Bot. 1201;
Turn. Hist. t. 21;
Laurentia obtusa
Gr. Algae, 111;
On Algae near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. C. clavellosa
Agardh, Syn. 353;
Fucus clavellosus
Eng. Bot. 1203;
Turn. Hist. t. 30;
Gastridium clavellosum
Gr. Algae, 115;
Lomentaria clavellosa
Bot. Gall. ii. 950;
Berwick Flora, ii. 233;
Among the rejectamenta near
Sunderland and
Whitburn, D. Near
Seaton, D. — John Hogg, Esq.
Berwick Bay. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. C. articulata
Agardh, Syn. 357;
Fucus articulatus
Eng. Bot. 1574;
Turn. Hist. t. 106;
Ner. Brit. 28, t. 8;
Lightfoot, 959;
Gastridium articulatum
Gr. Algae, 120;
Lomentaria articulata
Bot. Gall. ii. 950;
Berwick Flora, ii. 233;
Upon rocks on the coast, not rare.
210. GIGARTINA
1. G. flagelliformis
Bot. Gall. ii. 952;
Berwick Flora, ii. 234;
Chordaria flagelliformis
Agardh, Syn. 166;
Gr. Algae, 44;
Fucus flagelliformis
Eng. Bot. 1222;
Ner. Brit. 41, t. 16;
Turner, Hist. t. 85.
In pools on the coast, frequent.
211. RHODOMELA
1. R. dentata
Agardh, Syn. 370;
Fucus dentatus
Eng. Bot. 1241;
Turn. Hist. t. 13;
Ner. Brit. 95, t. 15;
Odontalia dentata
Gr. Algae, 101;
Berwick Flora, ii. 230;
Among the rejectamenta of the sea, not rare. On the
rocks called Hartley Bates, N. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. R. lycopodioides
Agardh, Syn. 377;
Gr. Algae, 102;
Berwick Flora, ii. 234;
Fucus lycopodioides
Eng. Bot. 1163;
Turn. Hist. t. 12;
F. Lycopodium
Ner. Brit. 107, t. 17.
On the stems of Laminaria diqitata not rare, N. and D. At
Hartley Bates, N.— Mr. J. Thornhill. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. R. subfusca
Agardh, Syn. 378;
Gr. Algae, 203;
Berwick Flora, ii. 235;
Fucus subfuscus
Eng. Bot. 1164;
Turn. Hist. t. 10.
On rocks and the stems of Algae, not rare.
212. PTILOTA
1. P. plumosa
Agardh, Syn. 285;
Plocamium plumosum
Berwick Flora, ii. 232;
Gr. Algae, 155;
Fucus plumosus
Eng. Bot. 1308;
Turn. Hist. t. 60;
Ner. Brit. 105, t. 15.
β capillaris
Gr. Fl. Eds. 297;
On the stems of large Algae, but not common.
213. POLYIDES
1. P. lumbricalis
Agardh, Syn. 392;
P. rotundus
Gr. Algae, 70;
Berwick Flora, ii. 233;
Fucus rotundus
Eng. Bot. 1738;
Turn. Hist. t. 5;
Ner. Brit. 15, t. 6.
On rocks and stones on the coast, not rare. Near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
214. DUMONTIA
11. D. filiformis
Gr. Algae, 165;
Berwick Flora, ii. 246;
Halymenia filiformis
Agardh, Syn. 214;
Chondria purpurasecus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 290;
Ulva purpurascens
Eng. Bot. 641;
On rocks in pools left by the tide, frequent.
215. CHORDA
1. C. Filum
Gr. Algae, 47;
Berwick Flora, ii. 247;
Scytosiphon Filum
Agardh, Syn. 161;
Fucus Filum
Eng. Bot. 2487;
Turner, Hist. t. 86.
On the coast in deep water.
216. ASPEROCOCCUS
1. A. echinatus
Gr. Alga, 50;
Berwick Flora, ii. 248;
Encoelium Lyngbyanum
Gr. Crypt. Fl. t. 290;
Fistularia attenuata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 300;
Ulva fislulosa
Eng. Bot. 642;
On the
beach at Manhaven near Whitburn, D. Near
Cullercoats, N. At
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
217. PUNCTARIA
1. P. plantaginea
Gr. Algae, 53;
Berwick Flora, ii. 248;
Zonaria plantaginea
Sprengel, Syst. Veg. iv. 326;
Ulva plantaginea
Eng. Bot. 2136;
On rocks near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
218. ZONARIA
1. Z. deusta
Spreng. Syst. Veg. 327;
Berwick Flora, ii. 248;
On
rocks near high-water mark in Berwick Bay, frequent. — Dr. G. Johnston, who considers it Zonaria parvula of Greville, in a mature state.
219. PORPHYRA
1. P. laciniata
Gr. Algae, 168;
Agardh, Syn. 190;
Ulva laciniata
Berwick Flora, ii. 249;
Lightfoot, 974, t. 33;
U. umbilicalis
Eng. Bot. 2286;
On rocks and stones on the coast, N. and D.
2. P. vulgaris
Gr. Algae, 169;
P. purpurea
Agardh, Syn. 191;
Ulva umbilicaris var. elongata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 299;
On rocks and stones on the coast, N. and D.
220. ULVA
1. U. latissima
Gr. Algae, 171;
Agardh, Syn. 407;
Berwick Flora, ii. 250;
U. Lactuca
Eng. Bot. 1551;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 299;
U. Lactuca, var. latissima
Lightfoot, 971;
On stones and rocks, frequent. N. and D.
2. U. Lactuca
Agardh, Syn. 409;
Gr. Crypt. 313;
Algae, 172;
Berwick Flora, ii. 250;
On rocks on the coast, abundant.
3. U. linza
Agardh, Syn. 412;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 299;
Algae, 173;
β lanceolata
Dill. t. 9, f. 5.
On the
beach near Hartley, N. Near
Sunderland, D. At
Hartlepool, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
4. U. bullosa
Agardh, Syn. 414;
Eng. Bot. 2320;
Hook. Fl. Scot. 91;
Berwick Flora, ii. 250;
Gr. Algae, 174;
U. lactuca
Lightfoot, 971;
Hudson, 567;
In ditches at
Jarrow Slake, D. In ponds in the
Magdalen Fields at Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. U. crispa
Agardh, Syn. 416;
Lightfoot, 972;
Berwick Flora, ii. 250;
Gr. Algae, 175;
Tremella crispa
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 67;
T. terrestris
Dill. t. 10, f. 12.
On old walls near
Harton and
Sunderland, D. On old walls and on the roofs of cottages, N. and D. On the ground in
East Common Wood near Hexham, N. Near
BerwickDr. G. Johnston.
6. U. calophylla
Berwick Flora, ii. 251;
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 368;
Gr. Algae, 176;
Bangia calophylla
Crypt. t. 220.
On rotten wood near
Berwick, mixed with Conferva muralis
— Dr. G. Johnston.
221. ENTEROMORPHA
1. E. intestinalis
Gr. Algae, 179;
Fistularia intestinalis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 300;
Ulva intestinalis
Agardh, Syn. 418;
Dill, t. 9, f. 7;
Berwick Flora, ii. 249;
In
Jarrow Slake and
Coble Dene, on the Tyne, N. In the Tweed. Thompson's Berwick Plants. In the
Wear near Southwick and
Pallion, D.
2. E. compressa
Gr. Algae, 180;
Fistularia compressa
Fl. Eds. 300;
Ulva compressa
Agardh, Syn. 420;
Eng. Bot. 1739;
Berwick Flora, ii. 249;
Dill. t. 9, f. 8.
On the sea coast, not rare.
222. BRYOPSIS
1. B. plumosa
Agardh, Syn. 448;
Ulva plumosa
Eng. Bot. 2375;
Gr. Algae, 187;
In rocky basins on the coast at
Whitburn,
Seaton, and
Hartlepool, D. At
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. VAUCHERIA
1. V. terrestris
Gr. Algae, 191;
Berwick Flora, ii. 251;
Under shelving rocks on the
coast near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. V. caespitosa
Gr. Algae, 194;
Berwick Flora, ii. 251;
Conferva amphibia
Dillwyn. t. 41;
Common on mill dams, and wherever wood is exposed to the dropping of water.
3. V. geminata
Gr. Algae, 139, t. 19, f. 3;
Berwick Flora, ii. 252;
Eng. Bot. 1766;
In ditches near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. V. Dillwynii
Gr. Alga, 191;
Fl. Eds. 305;
Berwick Flora, ii 251;
Conferva frigida
Dillwyn, t. 16.
C. amphibia
Dillwyn, t. 41;
α In moist shady places. β in ponds and ditches.
5. V. granulata
224. NODULARIA
1. N. fluviatilis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 300;
Conferva fluviatilis
Dillwyn. t. 29;
Eng. Bot. 1763;
Lemanea fluviatilis
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 84;
Berwick Flora, ii. 246.
In
Cawsey Bourn and rivulets near
Lanchester, also in all the rivulets in the west of the county of Durham. Among the Cheviots, and in the
Irthing at Gilsland, N.
225. DICTYOSIPHON
1. D. foeniculatum
Gr. Algae, 56;
Berwick Flora, ii. 246;
Conferva foeniculata
Lightfoot, 981;
Halymenia subtilis
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 108.
In rocky pools on the Durham coast. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
226. GLOINEMA
1. G. foetidum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 301;
Conferva foetida
Dillwyn, t. 104;
Eng. Bot. 2101;
On rocks and stones at
Tynemouth, N. At
Hartlepool, D.
227. BANGIA
1. B. fusco-purpurea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 301;
Berwick Flora, ii. 259;
Conferva fusco-purpurea
Eng. Bot. 2055;
Dillwyn, t. 92;
C. atro-purpurea
Dillwyn, t. 103;
Eng. Bot. 2085;
Gr. Algae, 177;
In
Limestone caves between Sunderland and Shields, on
Marsden Rocks and
Sunderland Pier, D. On
Blackhall Rocks, D. — John Hogg, Esq. Near
Berwick upon Tweed, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. B. Johnstoni
Greville, MSS.;
Berwick Flora, ii. 260;
On Slate rocks near
Berwick. Not uncommon at high-water mark. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. B. Laminariae
Gr. Fl. Eds. 302;
Berwick Flora, ii. 259;
Parasitical on the fronds of Laminaria esculenta
— Dr. G. Johnston.
4. B. ? atro-virens
Gr. Fl. Eds. 302;
Conferva atro-virens
Dillwyn, t. 25;
Cornicularia pubescens
Ach. Syn. 302;
Lichen pubescens
Eng. Bot. 2318;
Lightfoot. 893.
On
Simonside and
Cheviot, N. On stones in
Hag Crag in Teesdale Forest, D. — Rev. J. Harriman.
228. SCYTONEMA
1. S. ocellatum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 302;
Conferva ocellata
Dillwyn, Sup. t. D;
Eng. Bot, 2530;
In springs near
Hamsterley, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
2. S. comoides
Conferva comoides
Dillwyn, t. 27;
Eng. Bot. 1700;
C. radicans
Dillwyn, 72, t. C;
Eng. Bot. 2138;
On rocks, stones, and the stems of Fuci, N. and D. Near
Seaton, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
3. S. Myochrous
229. OSCILLATORIA
1. O. limosa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 303;
Berwick Flora, ii. 265;
Conferva fontinalis
Dillwyn, t. 64;
In slow streams, ponds, &c, common. floating on the surface of the water.
2. O. tenuis
3. O. ochracea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 304;
Berwick Flora, ii. 265;
Conferva ochracea
Dillwyn, t. 62;
In springs near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse. Near
Benwell, N.
I suspect that this plant owes its colour, from the water in which it grows, being impregnated with iron.
4. O. scopulorum
5. O. viridis
Bot. Gall. ii. 993;
Berwick Flora, ii. 264;
On mud in stagnant water. In the
Low below Goswick, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. O. decorticans
7. O. confervicola
8. O. vaginata
Conferva vaginata
Dillwyn, t. 99;
Eng. Bot. 1995;
Vaginaria epthonoplustes
Gr. Fl. Eds. 305, f. 1;
Gray, i. 280;
On damp walls, garden posts, &c.
9. O. aeruginea
Dillwyn, t. T.E;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 75;
On the
beach near Hartley, N. Near
Sunderland, D.
10. O. violacca
Berwick Flora, ii. 264;
Conferva violacca
Hudson, 592;
C. confragosa
With. iv. 156;
Lightfoot. ii. 976;
C. mucosa
Dillwyn, Musc. 15, t. 2, f. 4.
On stones in rapid streams near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
230. BULBOCHAETA
1. B. setigera
231. ASPEROCAULON
1. A. Arbuscula
Gr. Fl. Eds. 307;
Conferva arbuscula
Dillwyn, t. 85;
Eng. Bot. 1916;
On rocks on the coast near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston. Near
Whitburn, D.
2. A. coccincum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 307;
Conferva coccinea
Dillwyn, t. 36;
Eng. Bot. 1055;
On rocks and stones on the coast.
232. POLYSIPHONIA
1. P. fastigiata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 308;
Berwick Flora, ii. 235;
Conferva polymorpha
Dillwyn, t. 44;
Eng. Bot. 1764;
On the stems of large Fuci, abundant.
2. P. fucoides
Gr. Fl. Eds. 308;
Berwick Flora, ii. 236;
Conferva fucoides
Dillwyn, t. 75;
Eng. Bot. 1743;
C. nigrescens
Eng. Bot. 1717;
On stones and rocks on the coast, frequent.
3. P. Brodiaei
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 349;
Berwick Flora, ii. 237;
Conferva Brodioei
Eng. Bot. 2589;
Dillwyn, t. 107;
C. atro-rubesceus
Dillwyn, t. 70;
In
Berwick Bay, N. — Dr. G. Johnston. On rocks on the coast, and on Algae, N. and D.
4. P. urceolata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 309;
Berwick Flora, ii. 238;
Conferva urceolata
Eng. Bot. 2365;
Dillwyn, 82, t. G.
On rocks, stones, and large Fuci, N. and D. Near
Berwick-upon-Tweed, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. P. nigrescens
Berwick Flora, ii. 236;
Conferva nigrescens
Dillwyn, Syn. p. 81.
On the
coast near Berwick, rare. — Dr. G. Johnston.
6. P. parasitica
7. P. stricta
Gr. Fl. Eds. 309;
Berwick Flora, ii. 237;
Conferva stricta
Dillwyn, t. 40;
On rocks on the
coast near Cullercoats, N. Near
Whitburn, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
8. P. Agardhiana
Gr. Crypt, t. 210;
On rocks and stones on the coast, D.
9. P. spinulosa
Gr. Crypt, t. 90;
Among the rejectamenta of the sea at
Whitburn, D.
10. P. badia
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 350;
Berwick Flora, ii. 237;
Conferva badia
Dillwyn, Syn. 85.
On the coast near
Berwick upon Tweed. — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. P. allochroa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 309;
Berwick Flora, ii. 238;
Conferva fibrata
Dillwyn, p. 84, t. 9.
On the sides of caves on the
coast near Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston. At
Holy Island, N.
233. CERAMIUM
1. C. elongatum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 310;
Berwick Flora, ii. 238;
Conferva elongata
Dillwyn, t. 33;
Eng. Bot. 2429;
On stones and rocks, frequent. N. and D.
2. C. rubrum
Gr. Fl, Eds. 310;
Berwick Flora, ii. 239;
Conferva rubra
Eng. Bot. t. 1166;
Dillwyn, t. 33 and 34;
On rocks and the stems of Fuci, common.
3. C. diaphanum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 310;
Berwick Flora, ii. 239;
Conferva diaphana
Eng. Bot. 1742;
Dillwyn, t. 38;
On rocks, stones, and large Fuci, not rare. On the beach at
Hartlepool and
Seaton, D.— J. Hogg, Esq.
4. C. ciliatum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 311;
Berwick Flora, ii. 240;
Conferva ciliata
Dillwyn, t. 53;
Eng. Bot. 2428;
On rocks and stones on the coast, rare.
5. C. Mertensii
Conferva Mertensii
Eng. Bot. 999;
On
rocks opposite Seaton, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
Is this a plant?
6. C. Linum
Conferva Linum
Eng. Bot. 2363;
C. capillaris
Dillwyn, t. 9;
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 77;
In ditches near
Jarrow Slake, D. In
salt marshes near Hartlepool, D.— J. Hogg, Esq. In
salt marshes near Hartley, N.
7. C. flexuosum
8. C. pulchellum
Conferva corymbifera
Eng. Bot. 1996;
C. chalybea
Dillwyn, t. 91;
In springs near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
9. C. tetragonum
10. C. ? vermiculatum
Rivularia vermiculata
Eng. Bot. 1818;
On the
coast at Seaton, D.— Mr. Backhouse. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
234. CALLITHAMNION
1. C. purpurascens
Berwick Flora, ii. 240;
C. roseum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 311;
Conferva purpurascens
Eng. Bot. 2465;
C. roseum
Eng. Bot. 966;
Dillwyn, t. 17?;
On Algae and rocks, not rare. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. C. Turneri
Berwick Flora, ii. 241;
Ceramium Turneri
Gr. Crypt, t. 355;
Conferva Turneri
Dillwyn, t. 100;
Eng. Bot. 2339;
In
Berwick Bay on Furcellaria lumbricalis
— Dr. G. Johnston.
3. C. Rothii
Gr. Fl. Eds. 312;
Berwick Flora, ii. 241;
Ceramium Rothii
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 85;
Conferva Rothii
Dillwyn, t. 73;
Eng. Bot. 1702;
On rocks and stones on the coast, but not common, N. and D. Near
Berwick upon Tweed. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. C. repens
Berwick Flora, ii. 241;
Conferva repens
Dillwyn, t. 18;
Eng. Bot. 1608;
Upon the coast on Fuci, N. and D. At
Scremmerston near Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
235. GRIFFITHSIA
1. G. setacea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 312;
Berwick Flora, ii. 242;
Conferva setacea
Eng. Bot. 1689;
Dillwyn, t. 82;
Among the rejectamenta on the coast, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. G. equisetifolia
Gr. Fl. Eds. 312;
Conferva equisetifolia
Eng. Bot. 98;
Dillwyn, t. 54;
On the
beach at Hartlepool, D.
3. G. corallina
Hook. Fl. Scot. 84;
Conferva corallina
Dillwyn, 98;
Eng. Bot. 1815;
Lightfoot, 988;
On the
coast near Hartley, and at
Newbiggin, N. In
Manhaven near Whitburn, D.
236. CLADOSTEPHUS
1. C. verticillatus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 312;
Conferva verticillata
Dillwyn, t. 55;
Eng. Bot. 1718;
On the beach at Sunderland and
Hartlepool, D.
2. C. spongiosus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 313;
Berwick Flora, ii. 245;
Conferva spongiosa
Eng. Bot. 2427;
Dillwyn, t. 42;
On
rocks near Hartley, N. Near
Hartlepool,
Whitburn, and
Sunderland, D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
237. TRENTEPOHLIA
1. T. pulchella
1. T. chalybaea
Berwick Flora, ii. 241;
Conferva chalybaea
Dillwyn, t. 91;
C. corymbifera
Eng. Bot. t. 1996;
In sub-alpine rivulets, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
238. SPHACELLARIA
1. S. scoparia
2. S. pennata
Gr. Fl. Eds. 313;
Conferva pennata
Dillwyn, t. 86;
Eng. Bot. t. 2330 (the upper and lower figures);
On the
coast near Sunderland, D.
239. ECTOCARPUS
1. E. littoralis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 314;
Berwick Flora, ii. 245;
Conferva littoralis
Dillwyn, t. 31;
Eng. Bot. 2290;
On rocks and wood-work on the coast.
2. E. tomentosus
240. AMPHICONIUM
1. A. aureum
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 334;
Berwick Flora, ii. 243;
Ectocarpus aureus
Gr. Fl. Eds. 315;
Ceramium aureum
Hook. Fl. Scot. ii. 86;
Conferva aurea
Dillwyn, t. 35;
C. ilicicola
Eng. Bot. 1639;
Byssus aurea
Eng. Bot. 212;
With, iv. 190;
On rocks in
Cawsey Wood, also near
Gainford and
Sunderland, and on the bark of the Holly in
Gibside and
Ravensworth woods, D. On rocks at Roadley, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. A. Linnaei
241. CONFERVA
1. C. tortuosa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 315;
Eng. Bot. 2220;
Dillwyn, t. 46;
Berwick Flora, ii. 253;
On the
Tweed side above the Old Castle, Berwick, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. C. flaccida
Gr. Fl. Eds. 316;
Dillwyn, p. 53, t. C;
Eng. Bot. 2310;
Berwick Flora, ii. 253;
C. curta
Dillwyn, t. 76;
On Fucus nodosus and F. vesiculosusMr. Backhouse N. and D. At
Seaton, D. — . Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
3. C. fucicola
Gr. Fl. Eds. 316;
Dillwyn, t. 66;
Berwick Flora, ii. 253;
Parasitical on Fucus nodosus and F. vesiculosus
.
4. C. lanosa
Gr. Fl. Eds. 316;
Eng. Bot. 2099;
Dillwyn, Syn. t. E;
On Alga; on the coast, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
5. C. rupestris
Gr. Fl. Eds. 316;
Dillwyn, t. 23;
Eng. Bot. 1699;
Berwick Flora, ii. 255;
On rocks and stones on the coast, common. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G.Johnston.
6. C. confervicola
Dillwyn, Syn. 38, t. 8 and t. A;
Eng. Bot. 2576;
Berwick Flora, ii. 252;
Parasitical on small Algae;. Near
Berwick — Dr. G. Johnston.
7. C. flacca
Dillwyn, Syn. 53, t. 49;
Eng. Bot. 1943;
Berwick Flora, ii. 253;
Parasitical on large Algae. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
8. C. capillaris
Eng. Bot. 2364;
Berwick Flora, ii. 253;
C. crispa
Dillwyn, Syn. 46, t. B.
Near
Berwick, in small streams. — Dr. G. Johnston.
9. C. fugacissima
Gr. Fl. Eds. 317;
Dillwyn, Syn. p. 43, t. B;
In springs on
moors near Wolsingham, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
10. C. sordida
Gr. Fl. Eds. 317;
Eng. Bot. 2303;
Dillwyn, t. 60;
Berwick Flora, ii. 254;
In ditches and pools, frequent. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
11. C. rivularis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 318;
Dillwyn, t. 39;
Eng. Bot. 1654;
Berwick Flora, ii. 254;
β bipartita
Eng. Bot. 2302;
Dillwyn, Syn. No. 19, t. 105.
α In streams. β in pools, &c.
12. C. fracta
Gr. Fl. Eds. 318;
Dillwyn, t. 14;
Eng. Bot. 2338;
Berwick Flora, ii. 255;
In ditches and pools not rare. Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. Backhouse. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
13. C. glomerata, α. fluviatilis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 318;
Dillwyn, t. 13;
Eng. Bot. 2192;
β littoralis,
Berwick Flora, ii. 255;C. laete-virensDillwyn, t. 48;Eng. Bot. 1854;
Pandon Dene near Newcastle and in
Heaton Dene, N. In
Umby Springs near Conniscliff, D.— Mr. Backhouse. Near
Berwick in springs.— Dr. G. Johnston. β on the sea shore of Northumberland and Durham.
14. C. alternata
Dillwyn, Syn. No. 22, B;
Eng. Bot. 2304;
In pools and ditches not rare.
15. C. riparia
Eng. Bot. t. 2100;
Dillwyn, 111, t. E;
Berwick Flora, ii. 254;
On rocks at Tynemouth, &c., N. At
Hudshead, near Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
16. C. zonata
Dillwyn, Syn. 41;
Berwick Flora, ii. 254;
C. lucens
Eng. Bot. 1655;
Dillwyn, t. 47;
In rivulets in the west of the county of Durham. In the river Skern Near
Darlington. — Mr. Backhouse.
In streams near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
17. C. aegagropila
18. C. nivea
Eng. Bot. 2529;
Dillwyn, Syn. 54, T.C;
In the sulphur springs at
Dinsdale and
Middleton-one-Row, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
19. C. lactea
Dillwyn, t. 79;
In the rivulets in
Cawsey and
Ravensworth woods, D. In the Skern Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
20. C. ericetorum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 318;
Eng. Bot. 1553;
Dillwyn, 1;
On the Teesdale moors, D. On moors near Hexham, and
Gilsland, N. On
Green Leighton Moss, and on
moors near Hunstanworth, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
21. C. rubiginosa
On rotten sticks in
Cawsey and
Ravensworth woods,
22. C. pectinalis
Dillwyn, t. 51;
Eng. Bot. 1611;
Attached to dead leaves in ditches near
Hamsterley, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
23. C. protensa
24. C. castanea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 319;
Dillwyn, t. 72;
Eng. Bot. 1701;
In
Scotswood Dene and other
woods near Newcastle and
Wallington, N.
25. C. Orthotrichi
Gr. Fl. Eds. 319;
Dillwyn, t. 89;
C. muscicola
Eng. Bot. 1038;
On various species of Orthotrichum, and on Bartramia fontana, N. and D.
26. C. ebenca
Gr. Fl. Eds. 319;
Dillwyn, t. 100;
Byssus nigra
Eng. Bot. 702;
On rocks in woods, and upon trunks of trees, N. and D. In
Cawsey Wood, and at
Hamsterley, D.
27. C. purpurea
Dillwyn, t. 43;
Byssus purpurea
Eng. Bot. 192;
On rocks and stones in Alpine situations, and in Limestone caverns near
Whitburn and
Sunderland, D. On Limestone rocks Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
28. C. lichenicola
Eng. Bot. t. 1609;
Growing on Lecidea marmorea in the west of the county of Durham.
29. C. cryptarum
Eng. Bot. 2588;
Byssus cryptarum
Northumberland and Durham Guide, ii. 80;
In caves in the Limestone rocks between South Shields and
Sunderland, D.
30. C. ? velutina
Dillwyn, 77;
Gr. Fl. Eds. 319;
Eng. Bot. 1556;
On damp ground and the banks of hedges, not rare.
Both Mr. Drummond, of Cork, and Dr. Greville agree in considering this heretofore species nothing more than the radicals of Polytrichum aloides and, that Conferva
scarcely to be distinguished from it is so of Bryum caespetitium
careful observation has convinced me. It is by no means improbable that other supposed Conferva
:, upon close investigation, may turn out to be no more than the first germination of mosses. I would particularly direct the attention of botanists to Oscillatoria muralis
242. ZYGNEMA
1. Z. genuflexum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 320;
Berwick Flora, ii. 257;
Conferva genuflexa
Eng. Bot. 1914;
Dillwyn, t. 6;
In pools and ditches, N. and D. At
Polam, D.— Mr. Backhouse. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. Z. deciminum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 320;
Berwick Flora, ii. 255;
Conferva nitida
Eng. Bot. 2337;
Dillwyn, t. 4, A, B;
C. jugalis
Dillwyn, t. 5;
In ditches Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. Backhouse.
Near
Wallington, N. Near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
3. Z. quininum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 320;
Berwick Flora, ii. 256;
Conferva spiralis
Dillwyn, t. 3;
Eng. Bot. 1656;
In pools and ditches not rare. Near
Berwick.— Dr G. Johnston.
4. Z. bipunctatum
Gr. Fl. Eds. 300;
Berwick Flora, ii. 256;
Conferva bipunetata
Dillwyn, t. 2;
Eng. Bot. 1610;
In ditches Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
243. DRAPARNALDIA
1. D. glomerata
2. D. plumosa
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 369;
Berwick Flora, ii. 258;
Conferva lubrica
Eng. Bot. t. 2087;
C. mutabilis
Dillwyn, 63, t. 12.
In springs near
Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
244. BATRACHOSPERMUM
1. B. moniliforme
Hook. Fl. Scot, ii. 77;
Berwick Flora, ii. 257;
Conferva gelatinosa
Eng. Bot. 689;
Dillwyn, Syn. 63, t. 22.
In springs at the head of
Horsley Hope Bourn near Healey Field, D. In springs near
Wardrew and
Wallington, and in loughs on the moors, N.
2. B. atrum
3. B. caerulescens
245. CHAETOPHORA
1. C. elegans
Gr. Fl. Eds. 321;
Rivularia elegans
Eng. Bot. 1797;
In
Prestwick Carr, N. In ditches Near
Darlington, D. — Mr. Backhouse.
2. C. marina
Gr. Fl. Eds. 322;
Gr. Crypt, t. 53;
Berwick Flora, ii. 260;
Rivularia tuberiformis
Eng. Bot. 1956;
On the sea coast upon rocks, shells, and corallines. At
Holy Island, N.
3. C. endiviaefolia
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 371;
Berwick Flora, ii. 261;
Ulva incrassata
Eng. Bot. t. 967;
Hudson, 572;
Tremella incrassata
Hull, 310;
In ditches Near
Darlington, D.— Mr. Backhouse. On Limestone in fresh-water ponds near
Scremmerston, N. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. C. tuberculosa
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 371;
Berwick Flora, ii. 260;
Rivularia tuberculosa
Eng. Bot. 2366;
In springs near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
246. LINCKIA
1. L. dura, β calcarea
Gr. Fl. Eds. 322;
Berwick Flora, ii. 261;
Rivularia calcarea
Eng. Bot. 1799;
In pools of water in Teesdale Forest, D. On moors near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. L. atra
Gr. Fl. Eds. 322;
Berwick Flora, ii. 261;
Rivularia atra
Eng. Bot. 1798;
On the sea shores upon Algae and corralines.
247. COCCOCHLORIS
1. C. protuberans
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 373;
Berwick Flora, ii. 262;
Palmella protuberans
Gr. Fl. Eds. 323;
Crypt, t. 243 f. 1;
On rocks covered with moss and Lichens near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. C. radicata
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 372;
Berwick Flora, ii. 262;
Palmella botryoides
Gr. Fl. Eds. 323;
Crypt, t. 243, f. 2;
On moist heathy banks. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. C. vulgaris
Berwick Flora, ii. 263;
Chlorococcum vulgare
Gr. Crypt. t. 262;
Lepraria botryoides
Ach. Syn. 331.
Common on wood in damp places.
4. C. cruenta
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 373;
Berwick Flora, ii. 263;
Tremella cruenta
Eng. Bot. 1800;
Palmella cruenta
Gr. Crypt, t. 205;
On the lower parts of damp walls, frequent.
5. C. rupestris
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 373;
Berwick Flora, ii. 263;
Palmella rupestris
Lyngby, Hyd. Dan. 207, t. 69;
Dr. G. Johnston
On rocks at the calcareous spring below
Twizell Castle, N. — Rev. A. Baird. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
248. LYNGBIA
1. L. muralis
Bot. Gall. ii. 987;
Berwick Flora, ii. 258;
Oscellatoria muralis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 304;
Conferva muralis
Eng. Bot. 1554;
Dillwyn, 39, t. 7;
β autumnalis
Oscillatoria autumnalis
Gr. Fl. Eds. 305;
Agardh, Syn. 106;
Lingby, 95.
On damp walls and wood work, everywhere.
249. NOSTOC
1. N. commune
Gr. Fl. Eds. 322;
Berwick Flora, ii. 262;
Tremella Nostoc
Eng. Bot. 461;
In meadows and pastures, N. and D. On walls near
Berwick.
2. N. verrucosum
Tremella verrucosa
With. iv. 96;
On stones in
Horsley-hope Bourn, D.
3. N. intumescens
Tremella intumescens
Eng. Bot. 1870;
With. iv. 95;
On Limestone rocks near
Old Park, Stanhope, D. — W.C. Trevelyan, Esq.
4. N. caeruleum
Gr. Crypt, t. 131;
Upon moss near
Picktree and
Lambton, D.
250. PALMELLA
1. P. botryoides
Gr. Fl. Eds. 323;
Crypt, t. 243;
Upon the ground on heaths and moors, N. and D. On walls near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. P. protuberans
Gr. Fl. Eds. 323;
Gr. Crypt. 243;
Ulva protuberans
Eng. Bot. 2583;
Coccochloris protuberans
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iv. 373.
Upon mosses on moors, not common.
251. MONEMA
1. M. Dillwynii
Gr. Syn. 38;
Crypt, t. 297;
On Slaty rocks, particularly when covered with a thin coating of fine mud, on the coast at Berwick.— Dr. G. Johnston.
2. M. apiculata
Gr. Syn. 38;
Gloionema apiculata
Crypt, t. 30;
On rocks and stones on the coast, rare.
252. SCHIZONEMA
1. S. Smithii
Gr. Syn. 38;
Crypt, t. 298;
Berwick Flora, ii. 260;
Ulva foetida
Eng. Bot. t. 2101;
On Algae, &c., not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
253. GOMPHONEMA
1. G. minutissima
2. G. paradoxum
Gr. Syn. 38;
Berwick Flora, ii. 266;
Echinella paradoxa
Gr. Crypt, t, 25;
On marine plants, not rare, N. and D. Near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. G. geminatum
254. EXILARIA
1. E. circularis
Gr. Syn. 37;
Echinella circularis
Gr. Crypt, t. 35;
Berwick Flora, ii. 267;
On plants in rivulets. — Dr. G. Johnston.
2. E. fasciculata
Gr. Syn. 37;
Echinella fasciculata
Gr. Crypt. t. 16, f. 1, 3, and t. 298, f. 3, a;
Berwick Flora, ii. 266;
On stones and small Alga?, not very rare, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
3. E. truncata
Gr. Syn. 37;
Echinella fasiculata
Crypt, t. 16 f. 4;
Berwick Flora, ii. 267;
On Fuci, &c, near
Berwick. — Dr. G. Johnston.
4. E. acuta
5. E. lunulata
ADDENDA
Containing Plants and Habitats ascertained since the preceding Pages were printed
PART I
Veronica montana
, Page 2, Genus 6, No. 7; In the woods at Wardrew, N., abundant.Utricularia intermedia
, P. 2, G. 8, No. 2; In a bog near Crag Lake, N. — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp.U. minor
, P. 2, G. 8, No. 3; In ditches on Baron House Bog, about a mile from Wardrew, N.Iris foetidissima
, P. 3, G. 16, No. 2; In a wood to the north of Sunderland Bridge, near Rushyford, D.— Mr. Backhouse.Scirpus pauciflorus
, P. 3, G. 19, No. 2; By the Irthing near Gilsland, N.S. fluitans
, P. 3, G. 19, No. 3; In Bromley Lake, N.— Mr. J. Thompson.Eriophorum pubescens
, P. 4, G. 21, No. 3; Near Bourn House, in the neighbourhood of Ridley Hall, N. — Mr. John Thompson, Sp.Sagina maritima
, P. 11, G. 65, No. 2; On the coast near Hartley Bates, N.S. apetala
, P. 11, G. 65, No. 3; On the coast at Newbiggin and Near Hartley, N.Myosotis repens (Creeping Water Scorpion-grass),
Eng. Bot. 2703; Berwick Flora, ii. 274; Hook. Br. Fl. 83; M. palustris M. scorpioides Alpine variety; Northumberland and Durham Guide, i. 18; By the Irthing, on the moors above Gilsland, and by the rivulet near the summit of Cheviot, N. In the vale below Langley Ford, and in Horncliff Dene. — Dr. G. Johnston. On the moors near Redpath, N.— W.C. Trevelyan, Esq. By the High Force, and on Widdy Bank, D. — Mr. Backhouse. This plant requires too long a specific character to be a very good species. — See Eng. Bot. Sowerby's drawing in that work appears to me to be very faithful, and the yellowish hue of the herbage true to nature. Is it not a moorland variety of M. palustris?Primula farinosa
, P. 13, G. 77, No. 2; On bogs near Chollerford Bridge N.Viola lutea
, P. 14, G. 86, No. 6; The blue variety, on Wall-Town Crags, N.Atropa Belladonna
, P. 15, G. 90, No. 1; On the banks of a rivulet which enters the Tweed at Horncliff, N Mr. H. Carr, in Berwick Flora.Oenanthe crocata
, Page 19, Genus 122, No. 4; By Dr. Hooker's remarks in his British Flora, at p. 123, my attention has been recalled to a plant of common occurrence on the banks of Tyne and the other rivers in this neighbourhood, which, from Smith's description, and Sowerby's figure at 2213, of the English Botany, and in the Medical Botany, t. 267, I had considered as the Hemlock Water Dropwort, overlooking the circumstance, that Oenanthe crocata has a yellow juice. Lamarck and De Candolle, in their Flora of France, Woodville, in the Medical Botany, and Dr. Withering, in his Arrangement of British Plants, make no mention of this yellow fluid, but Sprengel, in his edition of the Systema Vegetabilium, i. 889, when speaking of the plant says, "Succo luteo venenoso scatet;" and when he describes the succeeding plant, Oenanthe apiifolia adopted from Brotero's Flora Lusitanica, he adds to a description which, with the exception of the stem being smooth instead of furrowed, might answer for either species, "Succo nullo peculiari gaudet." Certain it is, that in this particular, the Water Dropwort of our district resembles the Portuguese plant, but whether it be identically the same, I cannot take upon me to say for want of authenticated specimens of the Celery-leaved Water Dropwort.Galanthus nivalis
, P. 21, G. 145, No. 1; In the dene at Halton Castle, N.Narcissus Pseudo-narcissus
, P. 21, G. 146, No. 2; Near Chillingham, N.— Mrs. Langhorne, in Berwick Flora.Allium Schoenoprasum
, P. 22, G. 147, No. 5; This plant, which is notenumerated in Ray's Synopsis of British Species, grows in considerable abundance on the flat Basaltic rocks between the Roman Station at Wall-Town and the Crags, near an ancient well called the King's Well, N.Ornithogalum luteum
, P. 22, G. 149, No. 1; In woods at Halton Castle, N. — Miss Atkinson, of Carlisle.Convallaria multiflora
, P. 22, G. 151, No. 3; Near Stannington Bridge, N.— Mr. R.B. Bowman. Probably naturalized in that locality.Juncus lampocarpus
P. 23, G. 153, No. 12; Hooker, Fl. Brit. 162; J. nigritellus Eng. Bot. 2643; Near the Bourn House, three quarters of a mile south of Ridley Hall, and in Lipwood Moss, two miles north of Lipwood, N.— Mr. John Thompson, Sp.Epilobium angustifolium
, Page 24, Genus 165, No. 1; At Hareshaw Linn, to the north of Bellingham, N. — Mr. John Thompson.Vaccinium uliginosum
, P. 25, G. 167, No. 2; On the summit of Wall-Town Crags, and on the moor near Caervoran, and on Baron House Bog, a mile from Wardrew, N.Daphne Laureola
, P. 25, G. 170, No. 2; In hedges near Hedworth, D. — Mr. John Thornhill, Jun.Paris quadrifolia
, P. 26, G. 173, No. 1; In the woods at Gilsland, N.— Miss Atkinson, of Carlisle. Near Lipwood, N.— Miss E. Errington. In the dene at Halton Castle, N.Pyrola minor
, P. 27, G. 179, No. 3; On the banks of the Irthing below the Cascade, near Gilsland, N.Saxifraga aizoides
, P. 28, G. 181, No. 3; On rocks close to Gilsland Spa, sparingly, but in abundance beyond the upper stepping stones, and by the Cascade of the Irthing, two miles above Wardrew, N.S. tridactylites
, P. 28, G. 181, No. 5; On Wall-Town Crags, N.Dianthus deltoides
, P. 28, G. 184, No. 2; In fields near Wolsingham, D. — Mr. Backhouse.Arenaria verna
, P. 29, G. 187, No. 4; On Spindlestone Crags N. — Mr. R. Embleton, in Berwick Flora.Rosa scabriuscula
, P. 33, G. 203, No. 6; In woods at Wardrew, N.Rubus suberectus (Red-fruited Bramble)
, P. 33, G. 204, No. 8; Sm. Eng. Fl. ii. 406; Eng. Bot. 2572; Hook. Fl. Scot. 159; Anderson, Lin. Tr. xi. 218, t. 16; At Hareshaw Linn, a little to the north of Bellingham, N.— Mr. John Thompson, Sp.R. affinis (Great Hairy Bramble)
Tormentilla reptans
, P. 35, G. 207, No. 2; Near Cowpen, N.— Miss E. Errington, Sp.Geum urbanum, β intermedium
, P. 35, G. 208, No. 1. In woods at Gilsland, N.— Miss Atkinson, of Carlisle. Near Warden Mill and Warkworth, N.— Miss E. Errington, Sps.Trollius europaeus
, P. 38, G. 226, No. 1; In boggy meadows between Wardrew and Wall-Town Crags, N.Scutellaria galericulata
, P. 41, G. 245, No. 1; Near Reedsmouth, N.— Mr. John Thompson.Lathraea squamaria
, P. 41, G. 251, No. 1; Near Lipwood House and Ridley Hall, N.— Mr. John Thompson, Sp.Arabis hirsuta
, P. 45, G. 276, No. 2; On Wall-Town Crags, N.Vicia sylvatica
, P. 48, G.294, No. 1; On the banks of Allen not far from Ridley Hall, N.V. sativa
Page 48, Genus 294, No. 3; V. Bobartii Eng. Bot. 2708; On the sea coast and Magnesian Limestone, not rare.V. lathyroides
, P. 48, G. 294, No. 4; On the edges of fields near Cullercoats, N.— Mr. R.B. Bowman, Sp. in seed. On the sea banks near South Shields, and below Westoe, D.Melilotus leucantha
, P. 49, G. 300, No. 2; Eng. Bot. 2689; Trifolium leucanthum Berwick Flora, ii. 286; Near Cowpen, N.— Miss E. Errington, Sps. In Coupland plantations near Wooler, and on the sea banks near Berwick, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.Hieracium murorum
, P. 51, G. 312, No. 2; On rocks at Gilsland, N. Near Crag Lake, N.— Mr. J. Thompson.H. sylvaticum
, P. 51, G. 312, No. 3; At Thorngrafton, near Bardon Mill, N Mr. J. Thompson, Sp.H. sabaudum
Stem tall, slender, leaves lanceolate, narrow, slightly toothed, hairy on their under sides and edges, and supported by long foot-stalks, and blotched with blackish purple oblong spots. This singular variety was gathered by Mr. John Thompson, at Thorngrafton, in the vale of South Tyne, N. β, P. 51, G. 312, No. 5.H. prenanthoides (Rough-bordered Hawk-weed)
, P. 51, G. 312, No. 8; Sm. Eng. Fl. iii. 368; Eng. Bot. 2235; Hook. Fl. Scot. 232; H. spicatum Dick, in Linn. Tr. ii. 288. On the banks of Allen, not far from Ridley Hall, N. — Mr. J. Thompson, Sp.Orchis bifolia
, P. 56, G. 344, No. 1; About Wardrew, N., abundant.O. viridis
, P. 56, G. 344, No. 7; On Doddington Moor, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.O. latifolia
β, P. 56, G. 344, No. 8; The most common variety about Wardrew, N.Listera Nidus-avis
, P. 57, G. 347, No. 3; In woods at Gilsland, pointed out by Miss Atkinson, of Carlisle. Near Streatlam Castle, D.— Miss M. Hancock.L. cordata
, P. 50, G. 347, No. 2; On Hedgehope, N.— Dr. G. Johnston.Carex dioica
, P. 59, G. 357, No. 1; Near the Irthing at Wardrew, N.C. curta
, P. 59, G. 357, No. 5; On the Muckle Moss, N.— Mr. John Thompson, Sp.C. limosa
, P. 59, G. 357, No. 17; On the Muckle Moss, N.— Mr. John Thompson, Sp.C. fulva
, P. 60, G. 357, No. 21; On Baron House Bog near Wardrew, N.C. filiformis (Slender-leaved Carex)
, P. 60, G. 357, No. 39; Sm. Eng. Fl. iv. 128; Eng. Bot. 904; Gooden. Linn. Tr. ii. 172, t. 20, f. 5; Hook. Fl. Scot. 270; C. tomentosa Lightfoot, 553; Hudson, 650; On Baron House Bog, about a mile from Wardrew, N.Salix amygdalina
, Page 62, Genus 376, No. 2; Between Plawsworth and Witton-Gilbert, D.— Mr. John Thornhill, Jun.S. pentandra
, P. 62, G. 376, No. 3; In a boggy meadow near Caervoran, (Magna,) N. At the head of Howns Wood, .— Mr. John Thornhill, Jun.S. radicans
, Page 62, Genus 376, No. 4; In woods at Wardrew, by the Irthing, N.S. Croweana
, P. 63, G. 276, No. 13; In Castle Eden Dene, D Mr. Backhouse.S. Andersoniana
Mas., Page 63, Genus 376, No. 23; In woods at Wardrew, N.S. Forsteriama
, P. 63, G. 376, No. 24; By the Irthing at Gilsland, N.Taxus baccata
, P. 65, G. 388, No. 1; On high rocky cliffs by the Irthing, above Wardrew Spa, N.PART II
Chara hispida
, Page 66, Genus 1, No. 2; In the Mill Race at Reedsmouth, N. — Mr. John Thompson.C. aspera
, P. 66, G. 1, No. 3; In the Irthing, near the lower stepping stones above Gilsland Spa, N. In a Limestone Quarry near Rushyford, D.— Mr. Backhouse.C. norvegica
, Hooker MSS., P. 66, G. 1, No. 5; In the lake at Hardwick, D.— Mr. Backhouse.Equisetum variegatum
, P. 66, G. 2, No. 7; On rocks above the second stepping stones over the Irthing, near Gilsland Spa, scarce, but in great abundance half a mile higher up the stream, N.Ophioglossum vulgatum
, P. 67, G. 6, No. 1; In moist meadows south of Wardrew, N. Near Hilton Castle, and Howns Wood, D., and near Stannington, N. — Mr. R.B. Bowman.Botrychium Lunaria
, P. 67, G. 7, No. 1; In meadows south of Wardrew, N. Near Hilton Castle, D.— Mr. R.B. Bowman.Cryptogramma crispa
, P. 67, G. 10, No. 1; On Wall-Town Crags, N.Aspidium Oreopteris
, P. 68, G. 13, No. 2; On the banks of Allen, not far from Ridley Hall, N. — Mr. J. Thompson.Polypodium Phegopteris
, P. 68, G. 14, No. 2; In the woods at Wardrew, N.P. Dryopteris
, P. 68, G. 14, No. 3; In the woods at Wardrew, N.Cystea fragilis
, P. 69, G. 16, No. 1; On walls at Gilsland and Wardrew, N.Phascum patens
, Page 69, Genus 18, No. 5; In bogs near Wardrew, N. At Prestwick Carr, N.— Mr. R.B. Bowman.Gymnostomum Donianum
, P. 70, G. 20, No. 7; On Sandstone rocks at Gilsland, N. In Cawsey Wood, D — Mr. R.B. Bowman.Grimmia Doniana
Hook. and Tay. Muse. 72; Eng. Bot. 1259; Arn. Disp. Musc. 20., P. 72, G. 29, No. 5. On Cheviot, N.Weissia verticillata
, P. 72, G. 31, No. 7; By the Irthing, near Wardrew, N.Orthotrichum anomalum
P. 74, G. 37, No. 2; Eng. Bot. 2696; On rocks near Wardrew, N.Anomodon viticulosum
, P. 74, G. 39, No. 2; On rocks by the Irthing, at Wardrew, N.Hypnum Crista-castrensis
, P. 78, G. 44, No. 53. Hook. and Tay. Musc. 190; Eng. Bot. 2108; Arn. Disp. Musc. 69; Found in fructification on the south side of Tees near Gainford by Mr. Backhouse.Bryum caespetitium
, P. 78, G. 45, No. 11; The note attached to this species of moss is an error. It should have followed Polytrichum aloides P. 71, G. 23, No. 7.Collema saturninum
, P. 93, G. 83, No. 5; By the Irthing at Gilsland, N.Phragmidium Potentillae
, P. 118, G. 163, No. 2. Gr. Syn. 3; Puccinea Potentillae Crypt. t. 57. On the leaves of Potentillae; and Tormentillae.EXOTIC PLANTS
Gathered on the Ballast Hills by the Shores of the Rivers Tyne and Wear.
Blitum virgatum
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 30;
A native of France and Spain.
Phalaris paradoxa
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 329;
The south of Italy and the Levant.
Bromus madritensis
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 437;
Spain.
Convolvulus tricolor
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 874;
The south of Europe and north of Africa.
Hyoscyamus albus
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1101;
The south of Europe.
H. aureus
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1101;
The Greek Islands and the Levant.
Solanum Lycopersicum
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1033;
South America.
Tordylium syriacum
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1381;
Syria.
Cumynum Cyminum
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1441;
Egypt.
Apium Petroselinum
Willd. Sp. Pl. i. 1475;
Mediterranean Islands.
Reseda odorata
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 875;
Italy and Egypt.
R. fruticulosa
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 878;
Spain.
R. alba
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 879;
South of France.
Euphorbia Tithymaloides
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 890;
South America.
E. spinosa
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 908;
South of France.
Mesembryanthemum crystallinum
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1033;
Greece.
M. falcatum
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1046;
The Cape of Good Hope.
M. glomeratum
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1046;
The Cape of Good Hope.
Argemone mexicana
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1148;
Mexico and the West Indies.
Nigella arvensis
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1248;
France and Germany.
N. damascena
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1248;
The south of Europe.
Ranunculus muricatus
Willd. Sp. Pl. ii. 1329;
The south of Europe.
Lepidium sativum
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 435;
Habitat unknown.
Alyssum incanum
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 463;
The north of Europe.
Lavatera trimestris
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 797;
The south of Europe and the Levant.
Pisum Ochrus
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1071;
Italy and the Mediterranean Islands.
Ornithopus compressus
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1156;
Italy and Sicily.
Scorpiurus vermiculata
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1159;
The south of Europe.
Vicia benghalensis
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1101;
The East Indies and the Levant.
V. cordifolia
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iii. 265;
Carniola.
Trifolium indicum
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1353;
India.
T. messanense
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1353;
Sicily, and the north of Africa.
T. elegans
Spreng. Syst. Veg. iii. 209;
The south of Europe, and north of Africa and the Levant.
Medicago prostrata
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1405;
Italy, and the south of Europe.
M. coronata
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1413;
The south of France.
M. rigidula
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1417;
The south of Europe, and north of Africa.
Scolymus maculatus
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 1630;
South of Europe, and north of Africa.
Chrysanthemum italicum
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 2148;
Italy.
Anthemis tomentosa
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 2176;
Greece, and Asia Minor.
A. mixta
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 2177;
France and Italy.
A. valentina
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 2188;
South of France and Spain.
Centaurea galactites
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 2327;
South of Europe, and north of Africa.
Calendula officinalis
Willd. Sp. Pl. iii. 2310;
South of Europe.
Cannabis sativa
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 768;
Persia and India.
Atriplex hortensis
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 961;
Tartary?
Salix acutifolia
Willd. Sp. Pl. iv. 668;
S. violacea
, Andr; S. caspica Hortulorum. Russia? Naturalized in woods and hedges near Gilsland.OBSERVATIONS ON THE PRECEDING FLORA
READ JUNE 20, 1831.
In collecting the materials for the preceding Catalogue Raisonné of the Flora of Northumberland and Durham no merit can be claimed, but such as is due to some degree of patience and perseverance, which, in a favourite pursuit, may be considered very trivial indeed. However, it is the result of more than thirty years‘ attention to our native Botany, and may prove useful to those who shall have leisure and inclination to follow up and extend these researches. The indigenous plants of this portion of England are numerous, considering its northern latitude,1 and many of them rare, notwithstanding none of its mountains reach the height of three thousand feet, for it is at a superior elevation that the extremely scarce plants of the Welch and Scotch Alps, reward the toil of the Botanist.
1 I am indebted to the kindness of Mr. LOSH for allowing me to extract the data on which the following table of the temperature of the atmosphere in lat. 55°, is founded, from a meteorological register kept by him at Jesmond, for several years past. The height of the thermometer was noted each day at 9, 2, and 1 1 o‘clock, so that the result is drawn from upwards of 2,500 observations. The elevation of Jesmond is about 200 feet above the level of the sea; and it is distant from the coast between seven and eight miles: —
Average temperature of seven years, 47 29/48 degrees
| 1812. | 1813. | 1814. | 1815. | 1816. | 1817. | 1818. | |
| January, | 36½ | 36¾ | 28½ | 33½ | 37½ | 40½ | 38 |
| February, | 40¾ | 43¼ | 35¾ | 43 | 36 | 44 | 32 |
| March, | 37½ | 45 | 38½ | 43½ | 37½ | 41½ | 38½ |
| April, | 42 | 47 | 50¼ | 46½ | 41 | 46½ | 42 |
| May, | 51 | 52¾ | 47¾ | 53½ | 48¾ | 49 | 51 |
| June, | 56¾ | 56½ | 53 | 57¼ | 54¾ | 57¾ | 62¼ |
| July, | 57¾ | 60¾ | 60½ | 58 | 56¼ | 57¼ | 63 |
| August, | 58 | 58 | 60¼ | 59 | 56¾ | 55¾ | 58 |
| September, | 55¾ | 56¼ | 56¼ | 56½ | 52 | 55¼ | 55½ |
| October, | 49 | 47 | 48 | 50¼ | 44 | 44 | 53¼ |
| November, | 42 | 40 | 41¾ | 43 | 39¼ | 45¾ | 48¾ |
| December, | 37 | 39¾ | 38½ | 33 | 36¾ | 35 | 40¾ |
| 47 | 48 7/12 | 46 7/12 | 48 1/12 | 45 1/24 | 47 7/12 | 49 1/2 |
At Edinburgh, lat. 55° 47‘, mean temperature, 47° 8‘. This calculation has been made from six years‘ excellent observations, by Professor PLAYFAIR; during this time, the thermometer was never seen above 75° 8‘. Vegetation continues from March 20, to Oct. 20. The mean temperature of these seven months is, from 55° 8‘ to 50° 9‘; accordingly, the years are more or less fruitful; wheat does not ripen if the mean temperature descends to 47° 6‘. The mean heat of the summers of Scotland in the environs of Edinburgh, is found again on the table lands of New Grenada, so rich in wheat, at 1,400 toises of elevation, and at 4° of north latitude. —Humboldt.
| Keswick, | lat. 54° 33‘, | mean temperature, | 48° |
| ———— | ———— | of Springs | 46.6’ |
| Kendal, | 54° 17‘, | ———— | 46.2 |
| ———— | ———— | of Springs | 47.2 |
| Dalton. |
The range of temperature of the springs in the neighbourhood of Newcastle has been, for the preceding twelve months, from 42° to 49½°. Those which appear most regular are, the Cradle Well, by the road to Jesmond, and the Holy Well, in Jesmond Dene, the courses of which must be in the Seventy-fathom Post, as the miners call it. This stratum of Sandstone is nearly 50 feet thick, and crops out on the south-west side of the Town Moor, covering the high main seam of Coal, which has been worked out from under the springs; and as the old colliery is now drained, the water cannot rise from below the Coal.
Mean temperature, ascertained by fifty observations, 45¾°.
| During the month of April, 1818, the Jesmond Springs, stood at | 42° |
| On the 19th of May, | 44 |
| On the 1st of June, | 46 |
| On the 10th of June, | 47 |
| On the 15th of July, | 48 |
| On the 28th of ditto, | 49 |
| On the 6th of September, | 49½ |
| On the 1st of November, | 49 |
| On the 15th of ditto, | 48 |
| On the 15th of December, | 45 |
| On the 17th of January, | 44 |
| On the 27th of ditto, | 43 |
| On the 5th of March, | 42 |
From a spring rising in the higher part of Newcastle, at an elevation of 180 feet above the level of the sea, the following less correct results were obtained, owing to its flowing for some distance nearer the surface of the earth :—
Mean temperature, 49°.
| During the month of April, 1818, the temperature was | 42° |
| On the 19th of May, | 46 |
| On the 1st of June, | 48 |
| On the 10th of ditto, | 50 |
| On the 15th of July, | 52 |
| On the 28th of ditto, | 54 |
| On the 6th of September, | 56 |
| On the 1st of November, | 53 |
| On the 15th of ditto, | 51 |
| On the 15th of December, | 47 |
| On the 17th of January, | 44 |
| On the 27th of ditto, | 43 |
| On the 5th of March, | 42 |
WINCH on the Geographical Distribution of Plants through the Counties of Northumberland, Cumberland, and Durham. — Pamphlet, 8vo., 2d Edition, 1825.
To those long conversant with this science, the natural arrangement, generally adopted by the French school, would seem to have given the preceding pages the air of greater research; but the Linnaean method, though artificial, has been chosen: for, as Dr. HOOKER justly remarks, „the experience of a hundred years has proved to every unprejudiced mind, that no system can be compared to that of the immortal Swede, for the facility with which it enables any one hitherto unpractised in botany to arrive at a knowledge of the genus and species of a plant.“ And as the chief value of these memoranda will be in assisting those who are commencing their botanic career, an enumeration of genera and species adapted to their line of study was to be preferred.
One of the first difficulties the student will have to encounter is the unsettled state in which he will find many genera, and far more species, of plants, so common as to be met with in every hedge and wood; for, unfortunately, scarcely two botanists of the present day can agree upon what should constitute generic, much less specific, distinctions. This may appear a startling assertion, but in making it I am borne out by one of the best and most accomplished botanist of our time, whose ideas on this subject I shall take the liberty to give in his own words. „In nothing is more consideration now required than to determine what of new genera ought to be adopted and what rejected. Had you and I begun our botanic career when old DICKSON was in his prime, we should have had the same aversion to the Hedwigian improvements which he had, but which have nevertheless tended so very much to the advancement of muscology. At the same time I must agree with you, that modern Botanists are carrying their ideas of division and subdivision to a most unwarrantable length, and that they are thereby doing an injury rather than a benefit to science, and are deterring many from undertaking the study altogether. I must not be supposed to condemn the subdivision of genera on every occasion. If there is a distinction in the habit of the plant, and a different mode of fructification at the same time, then I will allow the genus may be a good one. Then again there is another class of Botanists more injurious than these, they too are generally men who set their faces against any increase of genera, but who, at the same time, consider that the most trifling difference in a leaf, a serrature, or a hair, should constitute a specific distinction: and to such an extravagant pitch is this system now carried in certain genera — take Rosa, Rubus, Salix, Myosotis, no two persons are or can be agreed on what constitutes a species and what not, in such tribes. The consequence is, that all sober-minded Botanists will have nothing to do with these genera, and the crazy ones have each their own ideas as to species. You and I may set our faces against these species-mongers, but it is to no purpose.“
But as the native Roses, with which this district abounds in a remarkable degree, contribute greatly to the beauty of our woodland scenery and hedge-rows, it may be worth while to inquire into the cause of the difficulty which attends the defining the species of such conspicuous flowers. That there is difficulty in the task we may be assured of, for WOODS, an indefatigable Botanist, in his paper published by the Linnaean Society, in the 12th vol. of their Transactions, enumerates no less than twenty British species, while LINDLEY, who bestowed no less pains on the same subject, in his Rosarum Monographia reduced their numbers to twelve. The difference of opinion, existing between these acute Botanists, must be accounted for by those marks which generally afford permanent specific distinctions in other plants, such as the roughness or smoothness of their leaves, the form of the prickles, whether the segments of the calyx be simple or divided, or the leaves be singly or doubly serrated being of small avail in this genus. To these must be added, the almost insurmountable difficulty that the various species or varieties pass by insensible degrees into each other, and though at first sight, no two Roses may appear more dissimilar than Rosa canina on the one hand, and Rosa villosa on the other, yet links can easily be furnished to form a complete chain between them. Rosa canina is well known as a robust growing bush, with hooked prickles, smooth oval fruit and shining leaves. In Rosa sarmentacea the plant becomes slender in habit, and with us its leaves generally assume a glaucous hue. Rosa Forsteri
begins to show a tendency to pubescence on the midrib of its leaves, and Rosa dumetorum or caesia has leaves covered with a velvety down. In all these the prickles are strongly hooked. The next link of the chain claims particular attention, as it appears to connect two sections of the genus. I allude to Rosa tomentosa, the prickles of which are in part hooked, and in part straight, its fruit sometimes smooth, at others hispid, and this frequently occurs on the same bush, but its leaves are always pubescent. Rosa scabriuscula has straight prickles, its flowers are white, except the extremity of the petals which are tipped with red. Rosa villosa, of SMITH (not the plant so called by SWARTZ and most of the continental Botanists, that being an exotic and the Apple Rose of the gardeners), has invariably straight prickles, pubescent leaves, globose fruit, occasionally hispid, and full rose-red flowers. The Roses most nearly allied to Rosa canina have pale pink blossoms, those to Rosa villosa red, with the exception of Rosa scabriuscula as previously mentioned. With respect to Rosa Eglanteria, it will be found to vary through Rosa micrantha to Rosa Borreri, or inodora of the foreign Botanists, a bad name for a plant which still possesses, in some degree, the odour of the Eglantine, and which the old herbalists would have denominated a savage Sweet Briar. Passing on to another section of the genus, we find the same uncertainty of specific character to continue. Thus in Rosa gracilis of WOODS, the prickles on the stem are hooked, but not so on the young branches, — in its variety Rosa Sabini or Doniana (for there is not the slightest difference between them), all the prickles are straight, as well as in its dwarf sea-side variety, Rosa involuta. Rosa spinosissima, in its wild state, varies only in size, though the parent of the numerous beautiful Roses sold by nurserymen under the name of Scotch Roses, and Rosa arvensis continues true to its well-defined specific character. Of Rosa rubella, which is nearly allied to Rosa alpina of the south of Europe, as Rosa arvensis is to Rosa sempervirens — too little is known to enable one to say whether it passes into any other supposed species — its pendent scarlet fruit keeps it asunder from any British Rose. A dark red flowered variety is not rare in the gardens near London, but I could not learn from whence it came. The foregoing
remarks are confined to that portion of the genus indigenous in the north of England, and which have been long under my observation in their native habitats. It remains for the experimental gardener, by sowing and resowing the seeds, to clear up the obscurity in which many of the supposed species are involved, for that alone can remove all conjectures respecting them. Of the Rubi, another intricate family, we have but six shrubby species, Rubus idaeus, R. suberectus, R. caesius, R. fructicosus, R. corylifolius, and R. glandulosus, and in determining these, there can be no difficulty, unless we attempt to divide them into the endless varieties dignified by specific names by some German Botanists. For one well defined Bramble, very common in the vales of the Highlands of Scotland and Cumberland, we have but a single locality at present, though I think it must have been overlooked in our sub-alpine vallies, among the Cheviot mountains ; I allude to Rubus suberectus. In Borrowdale, and at the foot of Skiddaw, it is not uncommon, both with double and single flowers. It is most nearly allied to Rubus idaeus, but has bright green leaves, and its fruit is nearly black. The figure in English Botany is a good representation of the plant, but I suspect the Bramble of the south of England, by several Botanists considered the same as the Highland plant, will prove to be distinct from it, at least I am led to think so, by dried specimens collected in the former part of the kingdom.
Notwithstanding that the Willows are much more numerous than the Roses, their different species may, with attention, be settled with greater certainty and upon surer grounds, for they are less liable to run into varieties. But from this general rule, Salix aquatica, and more particularly Salix repens must be excluded. Between Salix argentea, the Silky Willow of SMITH, which shoots into a tall upright shrub, and the small decumbent varieties of the Creeping Willow, the difference is very obvious at first sight; but, I mistake, if intermediate varieties cannot be traced to unite the two plants. The series comprises Salix prostrata, S. fusca, S. parvifolia, S. adscendens, and S, incubacea of the English Botany, — probablyS. foetida of the English Flora, might be added to the list, but of this I do not possess authenticated specimens.
The sub-alpine glens which descend from our moors are the true localities of several of the rare Willows with broad leaves, and it is in such places they should be studied, rather than in Botanic Gardens, where their habits become materially altered by cultivation.
With the aid of the excellent works of DRS. HOOKER and TAYLOR, and the assistance of the microscope, the botanic student will be enabled to master the numerous species of Mosses and Jungermanniae, these minute vegetables, aptly denominated the watch-work of nature, seldom deviating into varieties, or appearing to pass into each other; but it will require glasses of higher magnifying powers, and the exercise of more patient attention, to arrive at a competent knowledge of the Algae and minute Fungi described in the elaborate publications of DR. GREVILLE; but, that this abstruse department of the science may be acquired even by persons whose time and attention are otherwise greatly occupied in professional pursuits, is evinced in the Flora of Berwick, a publication so highly creditable to one of our associates, DR. GEORGE JOHNSTON. Yet, notwithstanding these helps, the cryptogamic Botanist is still obliged to look to the continental writers for assistance, and must possess a part, at least, of the works of ACHARIUS, PERSOON, AGARDH, and DE CANDOLLE. Probably, the Botanicon Gallicum of DE CANDOLLE, in which a considerable proportion of the plants described by the before-named authors are comprised, will be found most useful, the climate of a large part of France differing not widely from our own. LINK, LYNGBY, and FRIES are the present guides among the most minute of Nature‘s vegetable productions, whose very genera are almost as unsettled as the sands on the sea shore.
SOWERBY‘s excellent delineations of the Lichens in the English Botany have materially facilitated the study of these intricate families, and their arrangement by ACHARIUS is probably as good a one, for mere practice, as could be adopted. Yet many individuals of these obscure tribes are to be found enumerated in his pages, not only as distinct species, but as belonging to more than one genus. This is owing in a great measure to the altered and degenerate state in which many appear when growing out of their natural localities, but more particularly to the slow mode of increase common to many of the crustaceous species. I have
observed that, after the lapse of ten years, specimens of Lecanora atra, portions of which I had chipped from a stone wall, had not again formed the circular patches of crust, which is their natural mode of growth. Considerable obscurity still hangs over the manner of the reproduction of these stone-like plants, though it appears evident that the minute particles of the crusts of various species must be viviparous, for who can believe that so common a plant as Lecidea incana, which covers walls and rocks in almost every situation, can alone be propagated by sporules or seeds from its shields; for these shields, though sufficiently conspicuous, have been noticed but twice in England; in Hampshire by Mr. LYELL, and in Sussex by Mr. D. TURNER.
In the preceding pages, a few habitats of rare plants are given on the authority of the works of TURNER,2 RAY,3 WILSON,4 and Robson,5 and many more on the authority of WALLIS6. By the perusal of his Natural History of Northumberland, Botanists, even of the present day, may obtain useful information, though, unfortunately for his reputation as a correct man of science, two or three of the most remarkable plants, which he supposed he had discovered growing with us, were not the species he took them for ; yet, on most occasions, I have ascertained him to be correct; and, let it be remembered, that in his time, no well executed and coloured engravings, such as those which adorn CURTIS and HOOKER‘s Flora Londinensis, or SMITH and SOWERBY‘S English Botany, had been published to assist the diligent, but more commonly to spoil the indolent Botanist.
From Mr. HOGG‘s valuable Tract,7 appended to the second edition of Brewster‘s History of Stockton, numerous habitats have been extracted, for the south-eastern corner of the county of Durham is propitious to the growth of several southern plants which here terminate their range towards the north. Their appearance on this side of the Tees is partly owing to the shelter afforded by the Cleveland hills, but more especially by the warm and fertile soil originating from the decomposition of the Red Sandstone rocks, prevalent in the lower part of this vale.
On referring to the latter pages of this Catalogue, it will readily be seen how greatly its numbers have been increased by the assiduity of Dr. G. JOHNSTON, author of the Berwick Flora,8 who has shown how much may be learned respecting the most minute cryptogamic productions, by a diligent use of the microscope, and by a fixed determination to follow up a peculiar line of study and investigation.
To my other numerous friends, who have favoured me with specimens or delineations of plants, I beg leave to acknowledge the kindness conferred, and whenever the name of a correspondent is attached to a locality, thanks for the communication are to be implied as a matter of course.
^ 2 The complete edition of TURNER‘s Herbal was printed by BIRKMAM. It is a folio, in black letter, and containing 512 figures of plants, but which are the same as used in the 8th ed. of FUCHSIUS, printed in 1545.
^ 3 Synopsis Methodica Stirpium Britannicarum, by JOHN RAY, 8vo., 3d ed. London, 1724. Edited by DILLENIUS.
^ 4 Synopsis of British Plants, by JOHN WILSON, 8vo. Newcastle upon Tyne, 1744.— BROWN, in his Prodromus of Australian Plants, p. 490, has named a genus belonging to the order Convolvulacece after him, accompanied with the remark, „In memoriam Joannis Wilson auctoris operis haud spernandi.“ A compliment not to be despised, coming from such high authority. The first volume of WILSON‘s Synopsis was printed in 1744, by JOHN GOODING, on the Side, Newcastle upon Tyne, but the author does not appear to have received sufficient encouragement to induce him to publish the second volume. It was to have contained the Fungi, Mosses, Grasses, and Trees, which he says were omitted, „to avoid raising the price of the first volume too high by enlarging the bulk of it too much.“ From DR. PULTNEY, we learn, „That in the year 1762, a person here, into whose hands the MS. had passed, meditated the publication of it with a new edition of the first volume, which was out of print, and much called for, but the design never took effect.“ WILSON appears to have paid frequent visits to this place, and delivered lectures to a Botanic class, but with what success I know not. To the English Flora, he added Valeriana rubra, on Ely Minster, and on walls in many other places, on the authority of Mr. MARTIN, and Allium Schaenoprasum, in a place called Chivey-syke, in Cartmell Fell, in Lancashire, about six miles from Kendal. Botanists, since his time, have disputed the right of these plants to be considered truly indigenous, not being mentioned by RAY.“ The former is abundant on Limestone rocks and walls in the north of France, and the latter is certainly wild on Basaltic rocks at Wall-town Crags, and Copping Crags by the Wansbeck, near Kirkwhelpington, Northumberland. In an interleaved copy of the Synopsis, once the property of the late Mr. ROBERT HARRISON, is the following notice of WILSON‘s death. „Newcastle Journal, July the 27th, 1751. —We hear from Kendal, in Westmorland, that last week, died there, Mr. JOHN WILSON, a noted Botanist of that place, and author of a Synopsis of British Plants, after Mr. RAY‘s method. He had uncommon natural parts, which (without the advantage of a learned education), by his own industry in study and application, he had so much improved, as to become, perhaps, one of the most knowing herbalists of his time; and was, besides, a most facetious and agreeable companion, of a just, ready wit, a quick descernment, a firm integrity, and candid intention, which made him vastly beloved by all his friends and acquaintance, who deeply regret the loss of so valuable a man.“
^ 5 The British Flora, by STEPHEN ROBSON, 8vo. York, 1777.
^ 6 The Natural History and Antiquities of Northumberland, by JOHN WALLIS, A.M., 2 vols., 4to. London, 1769. I am not aware that any life of the historian of Northumberland has been published, but short biographical notices of him may be seen in HUTCHINSON‘s History of Cumberland, vol. ii. p. 267, and BREWSTER‘s History of Stockton, second edition, p. 391-395. To these I could have added several characteristic anecdotes communicated to me by the Rev.G. WILSON, Rector of Wolsingham, and Mrs. HOGG, of Norton, who were personally acquainted with WALLIS in his latter years, but it was not in my power to detail these without attaching censure to persons who neglected and treated with harshness so worthy and single-hearted a man in the decline of life ; and such strictures would be out of place in the Transactions of this Society. On leaving Simonburn, WALLIS retired first to Billingham, and then to Norton, in the county of Durham, where he died, and was interred. His tomb-stone bears the following inscription :— „Under this stone are deposited the remains of the Rev. JOHN WALLIS, A.M., who died July 19, 1793, aged 78. Also of Elizabeth, his wife, who died January 13, 1801, aged 90. A marble tablet is erected to their memory in the north aisle of the church.“ This tablet never was erected.
^ 7 The Natural History of the Vicinity of Stockton on Tees, by J. HOGG, A.M. 8vo. Stockton, 1827.—Forming an Appendix to Brewster‘s History of Stockton.
^ 8 A Flora of Berwick upon Tweed, by G. JOHNSTON, M.D. 2 vols. 12mo., Edinburgh, 1829 and 1831.
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Greville, Robert Kaye (1824) Flora Edinensis p. 3 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39974362
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Smith, James Edward The English Flora 1 p. 24 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/31758874
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de Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste de Monet & de Candolle, Augustin Pyrame (1805-1815) Flore francaise 5 p. 388
de Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste de Monet & de Candolle, Augustin Pyrame (1805-1815) Flore francaise 5 p. 388
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Tenore, Michele (1811) Flora Napolitana p. 7 t. 10
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Smith, James Edward (1790-1813) English Botany p. 950
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Hooker, William Jackson (1821) Flora scotica p. 16 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6162005
Johnston, George A Flora of Berwick-upon-Tweed p. 14 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22037105
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Robson, Edward
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Trevelyan, Sir W.C.
Born: 1797 Died: 1879
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Lindley, John (1835) A Synopsis of the British Flora p. 22
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Born: 1797 Died: 1855
Born: 1797 Died: 1855
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Born: 1788 Died: 1867
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Born: 1797 Died: 1855
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Thomas Penny
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Withering, William Arrangement of British plants 2 p. 320
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Born: 1741 Died: 1779
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Born: 1779 Died: 1844
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Born: 1760 Died: 03/12/1831
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Born: 1763 Died: 1813
Born: 1763 Died: 1813
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Born: 1760 Died: 1826
Born: 1760 Died: 1826
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Smith, James Edward The English Flora 2 p. 35 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6101942
Smith, James Edward (1790-1813) English Botany p. 718
Woodville, William Medical Botany f. 102 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/677479
Withering, William Arrangement of British plants 2 p. 384
Greville, Robert Kaye (1824) Flora Edinensis p. 61 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39974332
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Backhouse, William
Born: 1779 Died: 1844
Born: 1779 Died: 1844
Smith, James Edward The English Flora 2 p. 35 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6101942
Smith, James Edward (1790-1813) English Botany p. 57
Withering, William Arrangement of British plants 2 p. 385
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Thomas Lawson
Born: 1630 Died: 1691
Born: 1630 Died: 1691
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Smith, James Edward The English Flora 2 p. 36 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6101942
Smith, James Edward (1790-1813) English Botany p. 98
Greville, Robert Kaye (1824) Flora Edinensis p. 61 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39974332
Johnston, George A Flora of Berwick-upon-Tweed p. 66 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22037105
Smith, James Edward The English Flora 2 p. 39 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6101942
Smith, James Edward (1790-1813) English Botany p. 1174
Woodville, William Medical Botany f. 161 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/678134
Greville, Robert Kaye (1824) Flora Edinensis p. 71 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/39974332
Johnston, George A Flora of Berwick-upon-Tweed p. 67 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/22037167
Smith, James Edward The English Flora 2 p. 41 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6101942
Smith, James Edward (1790-1813) English Botany p. 197
Withering, William Arrangement of British plants 2 p. 389
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Smith, James Edward The English Flora 2 p. 43 url: http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/6101942
Smith, James Edward (1790-1813) English Botany p. 987