Chapter 2 Infographic: Overview of sampling and obtaining DNA from museum collections. An team effort of communities, curators and researchers (1) Collection of botanical material should have detailed consideration of its ethical and legal aspects and the consultation of source communities in advance, in accordance with CITES, CBD and Nagoya legal and ethical frameworks. (2) Curated botanical samples can be found in different types of museums that include botanic gardens, ethnobotany and anthropological collections. The next step is to find relevant specimens with preferably rich metadata, e.g. species identification, collection place and date. (3) Once the specimens have been identified, they should undergo molecular analyses in clean facilities. Where they will be pre-processed according to their traits, avoiding contamination with other samples, “modern” specimens, and amplicons. Then, it is crucial to identify samples that failed and passed quality controls for endogenous DNA. Finally, the data produced should be linked to their respective vouchers and made available in public repositories like NCBI and BOLD.