Water eDNA collection and filtration methods. Water collection should cause minimum disruption to the substrate of the water body, either by collecting the sample from the bank (a and b) without entering the water or by collecting the sample upstream of the sampler (c and d). Pairing filtration or sampling in the field with an enclosed filter is recommended to minimise potential contamination. Filtration in the field can be carried out with a peristaltic pump (e) or by using a disposable syringe (f, g and h).

 
 
  Part of: Bruce K, Blackman R, Bourlat SJ, Hellström AM, Bakker J, Bista I, Bohmann K, Bouchez A, Brys R, Clark K, Elbrecht V, Fazi S, Fonseca V, Hänfling B, Leese F, Mächler E, Mahon AR, Meissner K, Panksep K, Pawlowski J, Schmidt Yáñez P, Seymour M, Thalinger B, Valentini A, Woodcock P, Traugott M, Vasselon V, Deiner K (2021) A practical guide to DNA-based methods for biodiversity assessment. Advanced Books. https://doi.org/10.3897/ab.e68634