In Peru (left), population centres around the proposed Pucallpa-Cruzeiro do Sul road are be expected to lose climate regulation and drinking water quality regulation services (sediment, nitrogen and phosphorous retention services) with road development and associated land use change (centre). Potential ES mitigation areas (right) in surrounding watersheds can be prioritised by accounting for areas where restoration is both possible and would restore ES benefits to those impacted by road development. Source: Based on Mandle et al. 2015.